How to do the steps of Chinese language practice activities

1. Determine the theme of the activity

"Everything is difficult at the beginning", so determining the theme of the activity is the primary issue before us, because the theme stipulates the content to a considerable extent, and can It is said that the determination of the theme of comprehensive practical activities is a core issue in teaching activities.

The "Guidance Outline for Comprehensive Practical Activities" points out that the biggest base point of the activity theme should be students' life and practice. When choosing activity themes, we should fully tap life resources, face students' lives, and be based on students' life experiences. Guide students to start from the reality of life, discover and ask questions, including natural phenomena, social phenomena, and student life, and generate activity themes in areas that students are familiar with. 1. Based on campus life, explore comprehensive practical activity topics. School is an inevitable place for students on their life path and the basic space for their lives. Therefore, teachers should create an open learning space for students, so that students can pay enough attention to themselves, nature, society, technology, and culture, and form a positive attitude towards life in the process. For example, in the "Campus Environment Current Situation Survey", students can understand the past and present environment of the school through a series of practical activities such as observation, interviews, and data review. 2. Use class activities, school activities, etc. as the starting point to explore comprehensive practical activity topics. The school has always paid close attention to safety education, and took this opportunity to carry out a comprehensive practical activity with the theme of "Let Safety Be with Us". 3. Extend and explore comprehensive practical activity topics from subject courses. After finishing the unit of the science class "Diet and Health", guide students to carry out a comprehensive practical activity with the theme of "Scientific Diet". After finishing the physical education class, students can carry out a comprehensive practical activity with the theme of "Sunshine Sports". 4. Use special festivals as the starting point to explore practical activity topics. Such as the Spring Festival folk custom survey, the origin of Qingming Festival, entering the Children's Day, etc. 5. Pay attention to social life and generate comprehensive practical activity topics. Taking the current social focus issues that people are generally concerned about as the starting point, we can unearth many topics for practical activities. Such as Shenzhou "6" flying into the sky and entering the Olympic Games.

2. Design activity theme words

Theme words are also called descriptors, which are standardized phrases or sentences used to express the activity theme. The concept and writing of topic words should have the following characteristics:

1. The language is concise and vivid, the content is correct and distinct, and it has strong appeal and appeal.

2． It has distinct guiding and motivating properties and can arouse people's emotional excitement. 3． Close to life, close to the times, inspiring and philosophical.

The subject words include the following forms:

1. Phrase form. Such as: (1) The theme words of love: get, possess, love. (2) Keywords for ideological and moral education: respect, responsibility, and integrity.

2. Sentence form. For example: Theme words of the theme class meeting: I add glory to my class, I make friends with honesty, how much do I know about the tall buildings in my hometown, the famous mountains of the motherland are in my heart, and spring is in our friendship.

3. Dual form. For example, "Creating a strong city with education and building a harmonious Henan" is the theme of the event. (1) The government puts education first, and the people take pride in teaching assistants. (2) Help students in need and support education. (3) Thousands of people practice love, and thousands of people show love. (4) Help the poor to learn good habits and support true charity in education. (5) Good intentions will be passed down to future generations, and true love will last forever.

3. Preparation of event slogans

A slogan is a slogan written in short text that has the function of publicity and agitation. Slogans have the characteristics of being accurate and concise in the language of official documents, as well as being rigorous and inspiring in the language of political commentaries. They can inspire people intellectually and move people emotionally. They shoulder the mission of "social education" and In influencing social public opinion and cultural communication, it plays a guiding role that cannot be ignored in people's social behavior, and reflects the essence of the social and economic system and the degree of civilization of the society to a certain extent.

When designing slogans, you must follow these four principles; first, seek accuracy.

The designed slogan should be consistent with the theme. Second, seek beauty. The structure should be well-proportioned and give people visual neatness. Third, seek refinement. The slogan should be concise, eye-catching, and easy to understand. Convey more information in fewer words. Fourth, seek cleverness. The idea must be novel and ingenious, and be good at using rhetoric such as duality, metaphor, personification, contrast, pun, question, parallelism, etc. to create novel and appropriate slogans.

There are two main ways of writing common slogans: 1. Sentence form. Such as the anti-smoking slogan: Maybe you hold other people's lives between your fingertips. Reading room slogan: Soul communication does not require too many words. Lower your voice and treat others politely. Blood donation slogan: Life flows endlessly because of you. 2. Couplet form. For example, the reading room slogan: Give peace to others and leave courtesy to everyone. Blood donation slogan: Your blood is in my body, and your love is in my heart. Promote Mandarin slogan: Speak authentic Mandarin and be an upright Chinese. Traffic safety slogan: Go to school happily and come home safely. Go on the road with peace and go home with happiness.

There are several aspects to pay attention to when designing couplets: (1) The number of words is equal and the sentences are consistent. That is, the number of characters in the upper and lower couplets must be the same, no more and no less. (2) The parts of speech are relative and the positions are the same. That is, nouns versus nouns, verbs versus verbs, adjectives versus adjectives, quantifiers versus quantifiers, adverbs versus adverbs, and opposite words must be in the same position. (3) The content is relevant and connected from top to bottom. That is, the meanings of the upper and lower lines must be connected to each other, but they cannot be repeated. (4) Levels and obliques match each other, and the tones are harmonious.

IV. Various forms of activities

1. Collect information. Collecting data is an essential part of conducting research in comprehensive practical activities. On the one hand, collecting information is an important means for students to discover and solve problems. At the same time, it also develops sensitive information awareness, the ability to collect and utilize information, and information ethics in the process of collecting information. Teachers can guide students to obtain the required information through three ways: first, directly from various published literature; second, obtain network information from film and television media, electronic publications (CD materials), and the Internet; third, through investigation Original data obtained from questionnaires and interview forms.

2. Data recording. While guiding students to find information, students should be required to record useful information at any time. Depending on the method of collecting information, the method of recording information also has certain differences. During the implementation of comprehensive practical activities in junior high schools, it is required to master the method of note recording. There are the following types. (1) Make an excerpt. The excerpt mainly records the important and exciting aspects of the original text for future reference and argumentation. When making excerpts, you should also note the source, including the title of the book or paper, author's name, publishing unit, time, etc. To make excerpts, you can try the method of making data cards. (2) Make a summary. Making a summary is to write down the basic content, themes, ideas, data, etc. of the original text in your own words. It should be noted that the summary should not change the original author's point of view. (3) Take notes. Taking notes is to record your feelings about reading and various thoughts while reading in your notebook at any time. (4) Make a summary. When writing a review, the data to be collected will be processed into summary materials according to the needs of the subject research. It should be noted that reviewers should neither participate in comments nor express their own opinions. In addition, the organization of the review is also very important. How to stay organized? An effective method is to create subtitles. (5) Copying method. The photocopying method is to obtain information by copying. Copying saves time and effort, but the key points are not prominent enough and it is also limited by financial resources.

3. Data classification. When classifying data, be careful to use the same criteria for each classification. For example: from the source of data, it can be divided into: online data, book data, observation and experience data; from the form of expression, it can be divided into: written data, image data, and audio recording data.

4. Analyze the data. Methods of analyzing data can include quantitative analysis methods and qualitative analysis methods. There are many qualitative analysis methods, including causal analysis, functional analysis, location analysis, historical analysis, comparative analysis, etc. Instructing students from questionnaire scales can yield a large amount of data for quantitative analysis of instructing students.

Instruct students to convert these data into charts to help guide students' analysis. Remember, there is not just one analytical method used in a project. Sometimes, multiple analytical methods can be used depending on the data obtained and the research purpose of the student being guided. Especially in the summary stage of comprehensive practical activities, teachers must first guide students to screen, organize, and analyze the data during the activities to form conclusions.

5. Organize information. Organizing information is a hard and meticulous work, and it is a link between the past and the next. At the beginning of the theme activity, teachers can ask students to organize the information in a timely manner at the same time, to select the rough and the essential, to eliminate the false and retain the true, and to organize them into categories; at each step of the theme activity During the process, teachers must guide students to organize the materials in stages in a timely manner. In this way, under the guidance of teachers, students can initially master and apply the methods of organizing information materials. In the process of organizing materials independently, students can deepen their understanding of problems, discover problems, put forward their own opinions and opinions, and analyze the materials by themselves. This and that, thinking and examining from the outside to the inside, through the interpretation, classification, integration and refining of data, I experienced the joy and fun of research.

6. Collective communication. The students collected a lot of materials, and the teacher summarized them based on the students' communication and guided the students to choose an appropriate method for collective communication based on the actual situation of the materials collected by each group.

5. Exchange of activities

Comprehensive practical activities do not just allow students to go outdoors to investigate, visit, inspect, and carry out activities. This will make students act blindly and lack real experience; if Because students' learning time is delayed, comprehensive practical activities are concentrated in winter and summer vacations, which will cause students to lack teacher process guidance; or teachers will hand over all classes to student cadres, which will lack timely guidance and lead to the effectiveness of the implementation of comprehensive practical activity courses. not enough. From the perspective of the implementation process of comprehensive practical theme activities, each stage must have both extracurricular practice links and communication and learning links in the classroom, and teachers’ effective guidance is mostly completed in the classroom.

1. Teaching in the form of group reports. Students can be divided into several groups and report on the research results or research process of each group respectively. This can make better use of the 45 minutes of class and allow students to have a deeper understanding of the activity process of each group and the differences from their own group. It is conducive to reference and makes it easier for students to think.

2. Organize teaching by organizing students’ speech defenses. In the process of listening to the report, students will definitely find many new problems. In this process, the teacher should come up with ways to solve the problems, which can be done by students giving speeches and defending each other. For example, during the process of listening to a report, if a classmate discovers a new question or a question that he does not understand, he can ask the reporter for answers. This method can expand students' thinking space and give full play to students' subjective initiative. From another perspective, it is also helpful to cultivate students’ language expression and quick thinking abilities. Here you need to pay attention to the design of the opening remarks.

"Opening remarks" are words that are directly or indirectly related to this meeting, performance, business, or opinions before reporting, acting, talking about business, and expressing opinions. For example, when performing a cultural performance in the countryside, the announcer or leader must first introduce the unit of the performance, the significance of the activity, etc. This is the opening statement. Here are the words used by the host to introduce the program, adjust the atmosphere, and exaggerate the audience's emotions before the official program begins. When writing a thematic opening, you should pay attention to the following points: (1) It must be relevant to the topic. Be aware of the theme of this event or performance. In this way, the writing content can be centered around a certain topic, and the content can be focused, targeted and effective. If the theme of the event is "Dragon Boat Festival Party", the host's opening remarks should focus on "Dragon Boat Festival Party". When it comes to the Dragon Boat Festival, we will naturally think of Qu Yuan, rice dumplings, dragon boat racing, mugwort planting, etc. related to it. (2) There must be a sense of presence.

The opening lines can be self-contained, exaggerate the atmosphere, adjust the mood, attract people, or be tempting. In the scene, they can give the audience a strong auditory impact, making them feel excited and passionate, and they can't wait to listen. The desire to read on. (3) Improve your language. In order to effectively attract readers' interest, the language should be concise, vivid and contagious. Consider using some rhetorical techniques appropriately, such as antithesis, parallelism, etc., to express your ideas vividly, vividly, and accurately. In a word, the host's opening remarks not only need to explain the significance of the event, but also need to use passionate language to "ignite" the atmosphere at the scene, making everyone eager to try, and stimulating fighting spirit and enthusiasm. The content of the opening statement should not be cliche; the language should not be dull.

3. Organize teaching by displaying research results. Students display the results of group research or important information in the form of postings or multimedia presentations. Students can use these things to communicate with each other, correct each other, discover problems together, understand and experience the research results of the theme activities, and then summarize and draw conclusions.

6. Activity plan

The formulation of the activity plan is completed through discussion among the activity members under the guidance of the teacher. When formulating an activity plan, you should pay attention to several points:

First, students should be taught methods. For example, the basic format for writing a plan should be provided to students. And be specific and detailed. When formulating the overall activity plan, we must strive to be specific and detailed, such as the arrangement of activity time, organizational form, division of labor and cooperation of personnel, activity content, overall goal and phased goals of the activity, all of which must be detailed one by one to facilitate targeted activities. Second, organize students to discuss whether each group's plan is indeed feasible. Sometimes the activity plan determined by students is only to achieve the purpose of the activity, but lacks sufficient estimation and analysis of subjective and objective factors. The plan formulated in this way is not operable and cannot guarantee the smooth progress of the activity. Therefore, teachers as instructors must review activities from various aspects such as manpower, material resources, financial resources, time, etc., and provide corresponding guidance in a timely manner. Comprehensive practical activities are interdisciplinary and network-based. They require instructors to have broad knowledge, strong practical ability, and be able to look at problems from multiple angles. In this way, when formulating activity plans, students may design and invite some activities-related teachers. Teachers from other subjects, social figures, parents of students, etc. will serve as activity guides to participate in the activities. Then, it is necessary to consider whether these people can guarantee the time and energy and whether the guidance of the activities can be implemented. When developing activity plans, consider them to be within the students' abilities. When formulating activity plans, pay attention to the characteristics of group members and assign tasks according to their strengths and specialties.

The basic elements of the activity plan are:

1. The title of the theme. The title of the topic should be accurate, concise, specific and novel, reflect the object, scope and research direction of the research, and should be no more than 10 Chinese characters (including punctuation marks).

2. Research objectives. That is, why it should be studied, what kind of problems should be solved, and what its theoretical and practical significance is.

3. Main research content. Clarify the specific issues and scope of this topic to be studied, and truly find the entry point for the topic research. For larger topics, the subtopics included must also be listed.

4. Research methods. Select research methods according to the research content. Common research methods include: observation method, experimental method, survey method, literature method, comparative method, etc. Some topics require the use of several research methods, and different research methods can be used for the same topic.

5. Research steps and time schedule. List the steps to complete the research content and the specific time to complete it.

6. The working foundation and conditions for this subject are already available. It mainly includes the rationality of the combination of research team members, data preparation and research methods for research work.

7. The form and usage of the project results. Common forms of research results include: experimental reports, survey reports, research papers, etc. Explain the destination and scope of use of the results.

8. Budget. The funding budget generally includes: experimental fees, research fees, data printing fees, transportation fees, etc.

9. Division of work among members of the research team. Make a clear and specific division of labor for the members of the research team so that they can clarify their respective work responsibilities.

Generally speaking, plans are in table format. Teachers should pay attention to method guidance before the activity begins and teach students to formulate standardized activity plans. The general format of the activity plan is as follows:

Activity theme: Group activity members and division of labor:

Activity time: Activity location:

Activity goal: Activity method:

Activity content and division of labor: Activity steps:

Expected results and results format:

7. Evaluation, summary and reflection of activities

1. Establish "source data" of students' basic situation, and conduct process evaluation through student self-evaluation, peer evaluation within the group, and evaluation by teachers, parents and relatives during the implementation of the activity.

2. Results evaluation. The identification of visible results can be carried out on the basis of process evaluation, combining various works completed by students, labor results, skill improvement, ideological and moral cultivation, etc., to conduct self-referential evaluation, and teachers can then participate in In the summative evaluation of him, try to use words and methods of praise and praise in the evaluation, and use as little or no punitive methods as possible. In particular, do not put all students on the same level for overall comparison and evaluation. .

3. An overall evaluation of the implementation of this activity, including the evaluation of the instructor's teaching performance, whether the activity goals are implemented, whether the guidance methods are obtained, whether school support and school-based guidance need to be improved, and how to improve it, etc.

4. Reflection on the evaluation system, methods and evaluation principles and improvement of the evaluation plan, etc.

5. Write a summary and reflection of the activities, and propose feasible suggestions and methods to relevant departments or units.

Based on the above, it should be noted that there have been many changes in current Chinese textbooks. One of the most important changes is the addition of "comprehensive practical activities" to the textbooks. Many schools generally offer practical activity courses. This course allows us to learn knowledge not found in textbooks during research, enriches our life experience, and cultivates our habit of using knowledge to solve practical problems in life and our spirit of unity, cooperation, and innovation. So we have to take it seriously

Hope it helps you