How to tell whether a fungus (mushroom) is poisonous?

China is rich in wild mushroom resources, with more than 1000 edible species, but there are more than 30 common species that can cause death after eating. Every summer, patients are hospitalized for eating poisonous wild mushrooms.

Mushroom poisoning patient

"Then how can we tell whether mushrooms are poisonous in the wild?

First, look at the color and shape. In terms of color, poisonous mushrooms are mostly gold, pink, white, black and green. Non-toxic mushrooms are mostly brown, lavender or grayish red. Secondly, you can look at the appearance. There is a simple formula, which can be roughly distinguished from the shape: hat on the head, skirt on the waist and boots on the feet. It means that there are mushroom caps and rings, and most of the straw mushrooms are poisonous mushrooms. In addition, poisonous mushrooms are usually sticky and slippery, and mushroom covers are often stained with some fragments or grow patches like patches. "

Structure of mushrooms

There is a list of poisonous mushrooms.

However, I still want to remind you that it is one-sided to distinguish poisonous mushrooms only by appearance or color. For example, chanterelle is brightly colored and edible, while Amanita albicans is simple in color but highly toxic. Wild mushrooms, whether ordinary or brightly colored, can't be eaten casually if they are unfamiliar. "

The chanterelle is brightly colored but non-toxic.

"So, is there any other way?

"You can also observe the secretions and tear off the stems of fresh wild mushrooms. "Non-toxic secretions are as clear as water. Some are white, and the surface of the fungus will not change color when torn off. However, the toxic secretion is thick and reddish brown, and it is easy to change color in the air after being torn off. "

poisonous mushroom

It's a little troublesome to tear every flower. Is there any other way? "

"You can also smell the smell. Poisonous mushrooms taste like potatoes or radishes. Nontoxic mushrooms are bitter apricots or fruits. "

Pleurotus eryngii

If you master these methods, you can pick mushrooms safely. "

"Well, be careful. One is that there are many kinds of fungi, and some poisonous mushrooms look like what we usually eat. Judging from the naked eye, this mushroom is no different from what you usually eat. You might think it should be nontoxic!

Poison goose ointment

It seems that it is not so easy to eat non-toxic wild mushrooms! There is a German proverb that all mushrooms can be eaten, but some can only be eaten once. "This means that there is no second chance to eat! Cherish life and stay away from wild mushrooms!

Mushroom gourmet

Poisoning by poisonous mushrooms can be divided into six types according to symptoms: neuropsychiatric type, gastrointestinal type, hemolysis type, liver damage type, respiratory and circulatory failure type and mild allergic dermatitis type.

Poisoning symptoms that cause neuropsychiatric reactions can be manifested as nerve excitement, nerve inhibition, insanity and various hallucinatory reactions. These symptoms can appear alternately in the course of onset, or only partially react, and some patients are accompanied by gastroenteritis symptoms. "Lilliputian illusion" is neuropsychiatric poisoning caused by some boletus-like poisonous bacteria.