Wang Daji’s Interpretation of the 2012 New Curriculum Slogans and Text Examination Syllabus and Some Preparation Suggestions

1. Reading of Ancient Poetry

We will not review the papers from each province, but what we have said is applicable to all parts of the country. The basic proposition theory that has always been and will continue to be is still to follow the "anti-proposition" and deliberately avoid the possibility of proposition. Let’s digress the topic a little. In fact, taking the time to understand the characteristics and origin of poetry is the right way to solve problems in ancient poetry. Lu Ji's "Wen Fu" said that "the fallen leaves are sad in autumn, and the soft branches are joyful in spring", and he also said that "poetry is due to emotion and is beautiful", both of which involve the issue of "emotion". When answering questions such as research, you must first take the right path. Many people have taken the trouble to recite many images, such as the moon, sun, river, sea, etc., and their respective connotations in ancient poems. Although it is helpful to understand ancient culture, they find that when answering questions Often it can't really be used well.

The "first meaning" of interpreting the title of ancient poetry lies in the judgment of the emotional tone of the poem, which is more vulgar, that is, whether the poet's emotion is happiness, anger, sadness, positive or negative, and then combine it along this path Annotations or the so-called "poetry eye" - which are actually often adjectives expressing emotions can probably determine its direction. People's general judgment is that poetry should be beautiful and have positive emotions, but the "anti-proposition" idea often sets a trap here. In fact, the separation of time and space from the old friends makes it easier for people to misinterpret the ancients with today's value judgments. When preparing for the exam, candidates must pay special attention to the basic common sense of ancient poetry learned in class - these common sense may include Li Bai's majesty and grandeur, Su Shi's boldness and open-mindedness, etc. They must deeply understand those seemingly negative thoughts or ideas that are not valued by others. Emotions, these are instead most likely to come up in exams.

In New Oriental College Entrance Examination Chinese language training classes, the so-called negative emotions - the ancients' compassion for life and helplessness about the passage of time - often become the focus of the teaching: "Being left in the autumn leaves, joyful "Tender in spring" - the feeling of sadness for spring and autumn; the feeling of loneliness and depression; the feeling of frustration in official career - this kind of typical "anti-proposition" thinking is a must-have for the exam.

Let’s talk about the 2011 National Volume 2 in detail.

Guanhe Ling

The autumn clouds gradually become darker and the garden becomes desolate. Standing still to listen to the cold sound, there are no shadows of geese deep in the clouds.

After a long time, the silence is gone, but the solitary lamp on the wall reflects the light. How can I spend the night when I've already woken up from wine?

The emotional tone projected behind words such as "autumn", "sadness", "solitude" and "solitude" makes it easy for us to judge the sadness they convey, but the biggest problem for most candidates is that It is impossible to finally express the understood emotions through reasonable language forms and then hit the points. In the Chinese class of New Oriental Youneng Middle School, I advocated that we must memorize some basic answering language under the condition of large-scale screening. From the exam Learn it with a high degree of grasp. For example, the above-mentioned "feelings of sadness in spring and autumn; feelings of loneliness and depression; feelings of frustration in official career" need to be memorized by candidates after careful consideration. In this way, once the poet's emotions are correctly judged in the examination room After orientation, candidates can smoothly adjust this correct sense of language into scoring points. For example, in this question, what kind of mood does the poet express? If you grasp "loneliness and depression" to start your own answer, you will get the answer to the question. The main point is that even if the subsequent analysis is slightly flawed, if the path is taken correctly, most of the points can still be obtained.

2. Modern Literature Reading

The key to the college entrance examination preparation strategy is to grasp the "constant in change". Starting from students learning how to write articles, first single words, then word combinations, Then make a sentence, then a paragraph, and finally a chapter. Therefore, the test questions corresponding to the reading part are often low-level difficulty-word meaning and sentence meaning questions (sometimes the meaning of the question, because the question itself is a word or phrase), intermediate-high level difficulty-answering why and why based on the full text. What, how, what aspects, characteristics, etc. the author talked about.

Furthermore, the article must not only have clear meaning and clear expression, but also need to have implicit implications and strong literary color. In this sense, appreciation questions have actually become the most essential thing in the Chinese reading test . The basic methods of conventional appreciation questions are two types of questions: the function of underlined sentences and the technique.

After the proposition idea was broadened, the function question really became the most difficult question for candidates and teachers - what is the function of a certain object in the article (such as the Begonia flower in 2010)? What is the role of the article title? What does something in the article do? What are the effects of various techniques? What is the function of the verses quoted in the text? etc. This may pose some challenges to traditional classroom teaching. For example, when it comes to the function of sentences, most teachers will emphasize the so-called "structure" and "content", while the structural function is often not subdivided and is directly connected to the previous. Such a rigid The idea obviously cannot really solve the problem of appreciation of the article.

So, I have continuously introduced the two core concepts of contrast and symbol in my previous teaching, focusing on solving such problems. In fact, no matter what role it is, it must be developed from three angles. First, the role of technique (contrast, symbolism, metaphor in rhetoric, personification); second, the role of structure (the beginning must be about the topic at the beginning, the general introduction, Choose from content that foreshadows the following, stimulates readers’ interest in reading, and sets the lyrical tone of the full text. In the middle, it must clearly summarize the above, echo the above content, or lead to the following, and pave the way for the following content. , instead of simply connecting the previous and the following; the ending should choose between highlighting the center and deepening the theme, echoing the title or beginning, and summarizing the full text); third, the role of content, a detailed summary of the main ideas of the paragraphs that are closely related to the answer, and by writing these Content, what kind of author's emotions are expressed. The above three perspectives must be comprehensively weighed and each one is indispensable, so as to obtain a comprehensive answer dimension. In particular, the role of techniques is always ignored by most people. I have repeatedly emphasized that the characteristics of the Chinese subject itself determine its solemn literary color. There are always two ways for people to speak, one is straightforward, superficial, and vulgar, and the other is implicit, implicit, and elegant. When people want to adjust their language expression to the latter, they must resort to certain specific methods. This is the so-called Expression techniques. At the college entrance examination stage, the most important techniques for students are contrast (contrast, contrast) and symbolism (conveying an abstract concept with concrete imagery, which can also be called imagery). Their functions are to make expression More implicitly, this is an effective solution to the Chinese reading problem. Let’s give an example to explain the topic in detail.

Question 17 of the 2011 Beijing Volume "Qilian Snow", the beginning and end of the article both quote ancient poems, please explain their meaning respectively. (5 points)

The first paragraph of the article says: "Poems such as 'Thousands of miles of sky are full of snow, thousands of miles of yellow sand' have already taken root in my mind. I only realized this after seeing it on the spot. The truth is, it turns out that the Hexi Corridor is actually the richest area in Gansu."

General candidates are likely to only answer simple questions such as "provoke the following", and such a question can only get 3 points at most. 1 point, and if you really learn to examine from the above three dimensions-technique, structure, and content area, you will soon find that after choosing among contrast, symbol, and rhetoric, there is obviously contrast (contrast, foil) here, so Only then can the answer be complete.

3. Composition

There are many dimensions to intervene in students’ composition teaching, but they must have a reliable breakthrough; based on my many years of teaching and proposition experience in New Oriental Youneng Middle School, I have summarized two An effective way to prepare for exams. First of all, it must be clearly understood that examination composition materials or questions can be roughly divided into two major categories: current affairs and commentary and pan-cultural philosophy. The former is such as the investigation caused by purchasing lottery tickets in this year's national second round, the Beijing volume's views on China's winning of all gold medals in the World Table Tennis Championships, the characteristics of China's rise in the new curriculum, etc.; the latter is such as the Shanghai volume's "Everything will pass and nothing will happen". This will pass,” Back to Square One, The World Needs You, Old Books, and more.

In terms of question conception, especially for those current affairs and commentary questions, appropriately developing reverse thinking on the basis of positive thinking is an effective way to obtain high scores in the exam.

Focusing on a topic, such as "Rejecting mediocrity" in the Jiangsu examination, can actually push the topic further on the basis of the importance of positive attitude and individuality. "Rejecting mediocrity" is actually just an open subject, and the exam is completely From this we can ask ourselves whether “rejecting mediocrity” must be the path to success in life? "Rejecting mediocrity" in another dimension may mean ignoring the ordinary beauty in life. Therefore, it is completely possible to deepen one's own article in such a reflective dimension by "rejecting mediocrity" must be the right choice in life. In the depth of development level Points are given from angles such as , novelty and so on.

In addition, you must read and accumulate some literary and exquisite recitations in your daily life. In the final analysis, Chinese composition problems are still literary problems. Judging from the age composition and knowledge structure of the markers, those who are full of literary style are Articles with a literary flavor are bound to be popular. Students can avoid conventional examples such as Li Bai, Su Shi, and Sima Qian; they can choose literature and philosophers such as Lao She, Shen Congwen, Liu Yong, Milan Kundera, Heidegger, etc. based on their reading. Embellish your own words with stories, and you can get high scores as long as you make specific adjustments according to different questions. Let's talk about "Old Books" in Hubei Province. A student from that province who had heard me take the college entrance examination carefully collected materials according to my requirements and received my advice in correspondence with me. This year he wrote the following text:

"Wherever I wake up tonight, the dawn wind will fade on the willow bank", I have read Liu Sanbian's old books under the lamp many times, and I always feel quite emotional. Scholars are generally willing to regard his unsuccessful career as the key to understanding Liu Yong, but I am more concerned about his contribution to the tone of his words. When people are in pain, they can often stimulate the strong desire to create in their hearts. This is not the case for Liu Yong in pain. When reading the poetry of predecessors, whether it is Wen Wei's Huajian School or the scenery-describing poetry of Ouyang Xiu and Fan Zhongyan, it seems that the childishness of poetry when it first emerged is still there, and the tone of the words is particularly gentle and short. Perhaps because of the excessive sadness in his heart, Liu Yongzhi's poems all use long tones. In those natural scenery and human feelings and sophistication that he talks about, we can understand an era. I appreciate that many scholars attribute the characteristics of Liu Ci to "incorporating Yanke with a sense of life experience" (Hu Zai: "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua"). Behind the glitz, what I see is a heart that runs into obstacles everywhere. But a noble soul that never compromises with fate. People say that "everywhere there is well water, Liu Ci can be sung." I wonder, if it weren't for such hardships and pain in life, how could Liu Ci's creation be achieved in the end? Yes, although the old book is old, it has given me such unforgettable lessons.

The candidate was able to recite the entire paragraph and send it to me, thanks to his familiarity with these literary materials. This does not require the candidate to cheat. The candidate usually organizes classic works according to the teacher's requirements, and then Write several different fragments based on your own experience, and after constant polishing, you can completely form your own essence material, and this should be very meaningful for essay topics that are increasingly paying attention to the essence of Chinese teaching - the ontology of literature.