Customs in various parts of Jinan

Traditional festivals Spring Festival is the biggest festival of the year. Before the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), people used to associate New Year's Eve (the 30th day of the twelfth lunar month and the 29th day of the second lunar month) with the first day of the first month, which was called China New Year. As soon as I entered the twelfth lunar month, I began to buy food and drink, kill pigs and chickens, and prepare for the New Year. After the 23 rd day of the twelfth lunar month, the festive atmosphere became stronger and stronger. On New Year's Eve, superstitious legends say that all gods are in the lower bound, and Spring Festival couplets or door gods are posted in the morning. In the morning, families bring paper incense to the village entrance to invite their ancestors home, set up sacrifices in the hall, install a memorial tablet near the deceased, and first open a family hall for the deceased, commonly known as the central axis. Place heaven and earth in the courtyard and kitchen god in the kitchen. At noon, the whole family reunites to improve their lives, which is called reunion dinner. The staple food in the eastern part of the county is cakes, which means turning over every year (cakes for dinner in the western part of the county). Hanging lanterns at night, children are led to the door or alley by their families to set off firecrackers to drive away the strange year; Burning straw in front of the door is called Zhao Ting (it is said that in the early years, Liu Meng, a poor man, went to visit his mother on New Year's Eve, and people felt filial, so they burned firewood to light the way). In the evening, a family gets together, sits around, drinks and chats, which is called keeping old. At midnight, people light firecrackers to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year. On the first day of the first month, eat jiaozi in the morning to welcome the spring. Before meals, the younger generation pays homage to the elders, and the elders wrap the money with paper, which is called "lucky money". After dinner, neighbors pay New Year greetings to each other, and each elder warmly greets: "Get up early?" "Happy New Year?" "Get rich?" Wait a minute. Wear new clothes all day to improve your life. In the afternoon, bring paper incense and offerings to the ancestors invited back on New Year's Eve before sunset. On New Year's Eve, most of the poor families who are heavily in debt run away and dare to go home after the New Year, that is, the rich celebrate the New Year and the poor pass. After the festival, from the second day of junior high school, close friends in the countryside invited each other to eat and drink, and took gifts to visit relatives to pay New Year greetings, which lasted for half a month. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Gregorian calendar was adopted, and the old calendar was changed to the Spring Festival. Most superstitious activities in the old festivals have been abolished, while others, such as wearing new clothes, setting off firecrackers, eating jiaozi and visiting relatives and friends, still exist. Party and government organs, enterprises and institutions in cities and towns have three more days off and celebrate the Spring Festival in the form of group worship on the first day of the first month.

On the 13th day of the first lunar month, Yang Gong taboo was called "Yang Gong taboo". In the past, the masses thought it was unlucky and they didn't go out unless there was something special. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), this custom disappeared.

Lantern Festival The fifteenth day of the first lunar month is the Lantern Festival, and the masses call it the fifteenth day of the first month. In the past, people had some activities, such as lanterns and yangko. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the habit of lighting lanterns in the New Year gradually disappeared, and yangko was popular. 1979 is followed by civil events. In villages with yangko, drills will be organized from the fourth and fifth day of the first month, and performances will be performed in villages around the tenth five-year plan. Excellent programs also gathered performances from counties or towns, and provincial and municipal leaders and experts came to visit and guide, which was unprecedented.

Date of filing The 25th day of the first month is the date of filing. Before sunrise, the farmer used plant ash to draw a cellar shape in the yard, symbolizing the granary, and put a little grain in the middle, which is called filling the warehouse, and then set off firecrackers to pray for a bumper harvest. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), this custom still exists in rural areas.

Spring Festival The second day of the second lunar month is the Spring Festival. As the saying goes, "the dragon looks up on February 2" indicates that the spring rain is coming. In the old days, farmers knocked on the edge of the kang with wooden sticks to improve their lives. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, most superstitious customs were abolished, and the habit of improving life still exists.

Cold food is Tomb-Sweeping Day's cold food the day before, and it is said that it is set up for offering sacrifices to mesons. On this day, it is forbidden to make a fire and make it cold. People have the habit of repairing graves to worship their ancestors, hiking and swinging. Swings are more tied before the festival and dismantled after the festival. The so-called "leisure before (worry), no leisure after (worry)". After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the custom of offering sacrifices to ancestors to sweep graves still exists, and some people changed to burning paper and crying graves to offer wreaths to ancestors. When state organs and mass organizations are in Tomb-Sweeping Day, they often pay homage to the tombs of martyrs and carry out revolutionary traditional education.

Dragon Boat Festival The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival. In the old society, people ate zongzi, pasted portraits of Zhong Kui, put calamus and mugwort leaves on the eaves of doors, sprinkled realgar wine in the yard to drive away the five poisons of "snake, scorpion, centipede, gecko and toad", and children wore long life locks and Ai Hu to avoid disasters. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were few habits of planting mugwort leaves and eating zongzi, and other activities stopped.

The sixth day of the sixth lunar month, also known as the sun. In the past, people dried books and clothes on this day. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), this custom was abolished.

The third Geng day after entering the "summer" is the first autumn, and the cold noodles during the solar eclipse are called heatstroke prevention, which has been used ever since.

Beggar's Day The seventh day of the seventh lunar month is Beggar's Day. That night, the legend goes that the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl met in the Milky Way, and many young women set up confession tables in the courtyard, begging the Weaver Girl to teach them textile technology. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), this custom gradually stopped.

Mid-Autumn Festival The fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month is the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is called "July 15th" by the masses. In the past, first-ripe grains and fresh melons and fruits were used to offer sacrifices to ancestors. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the legacy of ancestor worship still exists, and many people are improving their lives every day.

Mid-Autumn Festival The fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month is the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is called "August 15th" by the masses. During the Republic of China, in Yue Bai, relatives and friends celebrated under the moon and gave each other melons, fruits and moon cakes. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the customs in Yue Bai gradually disappeared, while other customs such as family banquets, moon viewing and eating moon cakes still existed.

Double Ninth Festival is the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. In the old days, the scholarly family often went up the mountain to drink and the old farmer took a walk. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the above customs were weak. 1987, the Double Ninth Festival was designated as the Old People's Day in Shandong Province, and it has been this day every year since then. Many elderly organizations in counties and towns have held celebrations or cultural and sports activities for the elderly.

The first day of October in the lunar calendar is an autumn festival. In the old days, paper-cutting was to burn ghost clothes in front of the tomb to worship the ancestors, commonly known as sending cold clothes. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the custom of offering sacrifices to ancestors still existed, and some of them were changed to offering wreaths.

The eighth day of the twelfth lunar month is Laba Festival, which is called Laba Festival by the people. In the past, farmers often cooked porridge for the Buddha with grains and red dates. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, superstitious activities stopped, but because Laba porridge is nutritious, many people still like to eat it every day. In recent years, many families have soaked garlic in vinegar for daily use and named it Laba garlic. The finished product is slightly green in color and sour in taste, and is often used as a seasoning for eating jiaozi during the Spring Festival.

In the old days, there was a kitchen god in the farmer's kitchen, and the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month was the day to send the kitchen god to talk with heaven. That night, put yellow grass and soybeans in front of the stove to show that the kitchen god feeds the horse; Worship the kitchen god with maltose and jujube cake (as a sacrifice, it means sticking the mouth of the kitchen god to prevent him from speaking ill of the kitchen god). When offering sacrifices, I read "Heaven is good, bring gold and silver to the world, and tie a wretched horse", and the kitchen image was burned. Since then, every household has cleaned the courtyard and washed their hair to prepare for the New Year. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the worship of Kitchen God was abolished, but the habit of paying attention to hygiene still exists.

New Festivals After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the state announced some new festivals, and whenever new festivals came, more celebrations were held.

The New Year Gregorian calendar 65438+ 10/month is the New Year. On that day, party and government organs, factories and schools had a holiday, held a group meeting and electrified.

Celebrate with a movie party. Families improve their lives, and friends and relatives exchange gifts with New Year cards.

International Women's Day March 8 in the solar calendar is International Women's Day. On that day, county and township women's federations organized women's symposiums, advanced women's deeds reports and movie parties.

Arbor Day Gregorian calendar March 12 is Arbor Day. On that day, the masses planted flowers and grass, planted trees and carried out greening activities, and the county's afforestation activities gradually reached a climax.

May 1 day of the Gregorian calendar is International Labor Day. On this day, trade unions at all levels celebrate by organizing seminars and holding movie evenings for workers' representatives.

International Children's Day June 1 day in the solar calendar is International Children's Day. On that day, the county women's Federation, the Education Commission, the Communist Youth League Committee, the Propaganda Department of the county party committee and other party and government organs organized schools and kindergartens to hold children's singing competitions and movie parties.

The birthday of China Producer Party is the anniversary of the founding of China Producer Party on July 1 Gregorian calendar. On the same day, Party organizations at all levels in the county held advanced party member deeds report meeting, party member symposium and party class to commemorate the party's birthday.

Army Day August 1 day in Gregorian calendar is the Army Day of China People's Liberation Army. Before and after the festival, the county carried out extensive activities to support the army and love the people. In the evening, the county party and government organs, mass organizations and the garrison held a movie party.

Teachers' Day is in September in the solar calendar 10. Before and after the festival, activities of respecting teachers and attaching importance to education were carried out.

The Gregorian calendar 10 year 10 month/day is People's Republic of China (PRC)'s birthday. The celebration is even more grand. On that day, all party and government organs, factories, schools, etc. Raise the national flag, hang colored lights and flags at the door, and post celebration slogans on the street. Hold reports and commemorative meetings in counties and townships. The masses celebrated the improvement of their lives.