Nature Reserve of Chinese merganser.

The habitat and breeding ground of Chinese merganser has been isolated and seriously broken. There are two main breeding grounds for merganser in China. One is Changbai Mountain in Jilin, and the other is Qingshui Chinese merganser nature reserve in Dailing forest area of Xiaoxing 'anling. Through protection and management, there are nearly 1 pairs of Chinese merganser in Bishui Nature Reserve, which has become a common species with a population of more than 7 from less than 1 rare species before the construction of the area. Bishui Chinese merganser Nature Reserve is considered to be the largest centralized breeding habitat of Chinese merganser in China.

Heilongjiang Bishui Chinese merganser nature reserve was established as a municipal nature reserve with the approval of Yichun Municipal People's Government in May 1997, and was promoted to a provincial nature reserve with the approval of Heilongjiang Provincial People's Government in November of the same year. With the care and help of governments at all levels and relevant departments, the reserve has done a lot of work in resource protection and construction and even scientific research, which has made the construction of Bishui Chinese merganser nature reserve take shape. Heilongjiang Bishui Chinese merganser Nature Reserve is located in Dailing District, Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province. It is located in the middle of Yong River Verdon Valley, the southeast section of Xiaoxing 'anling Mountains in the northeast of China, 9 kilometers away from Dailing Town. The area has dense forests, complete vegetation types and beautiful scenery. Good ecological environment and rich species resources make it an ideal base for protection, scientific research and education. Yong River Verdon, the main river in the reserve, is not only the main water supply place for wildlife in the reserve, but also an important ecological barrier in Dailing District and a water conservation place for Tangwang River and Songhua River, which has extremely important protection significance and value. The construction and development of nature reserves are of great significance for protecting biodiversity, maintaining ecological balance, protecting the rare Chinese merganser and its forest stream ecosystem, and promoting the benign economic development in Dailing District.

Since the establishment of the nature reserve in p>1997, it has carried out extensive cooperation with scientific research institutes such as Dailing Forestry Research Institute and the College of Wildlife Resources of Northeast Forestry University, and carried out "The Present Situation and Protection of Chinese merganser in Heilongjiang"; Research on the topic of "Investigation on the quantity and habitat of Chinese merganser in Dailing forest area". In 25, the nature reserve invested a lot of manpower and material resources, and found four nests of Chinese merganser in one month, of which the largest nest contained 14 eggs and the least nine. The staff selectively installed two sets of monitoring equipment in two of the nests, closely followed and observed the life habits of Chinese merganser, and monitored and recorded the whole hatching process of Chinese merganser from multiple angles with six monitoring cameras. The fourth issue in 26).

This study is the first time to record the whole hatching process of Chinese merganser by using modern TV monitoring system in China. The data and information obtained in this study about the hatching behavior of parents, hatching cycle, the process of ducklings leaving the nest and their living habits in water fill the blank of no data and inconclusive research in the hatching process of Chinese merganser in China, which provides reliable first-hand information for studying the reproductive biology and ecology of Chinese merganser, and also provides effective and timely scientific basis for taking protective measures in the nature reserve.

In the later stage of monitoring, the researchers accidentally found four chicks that were finally hatched by their parents, so they were rescued and taken out for artificial breeding. When picking up the ducklings, it was found that the nest was deep (the depth of the tree hole was 7 cm), and the four ducklings who just came out of the shell had weak mobility and could not jump out of the tree hole in time. These four ducklings, together with a duckling rescued in the later period and a subadult Chinese merganser, grew well under the careful feeding of the staff in the reserve.

The researchers in the nature reserve have explored a set of successful experiences in artificial domestication and overwintering of Chinese merganser. On the basis of protection, the reserve is planning to increase the wild population of Chinese merganser through artificial domestication and breeding and wild release, so as to save this globally endangered species. The forest stream ecosystem in the reserve is well preserved, the nesting trees of Chinese merganser are sufficient, the river water is pollution-free, and the cold water fish and other aquatic organisms are rich, which provides a guarantee for the population of Chinese merganser to increase greatly. Chinese merganser is a species that survived after the Tertiary Ice Age, with a history of more than 1 million years. It is a rare bird endemic to China and a national first-class protected animal. It has been listed in the Red Book of Endangered Birds of the International Union for Conservation of Natural Resources and the List of Endangered Birds of the International Committee for the Protection of Birds. It is a national treasure with the same name as Giant Panda, South China Tiger and Yunnan Golden Monkey, with less than 1, birds left in the world. Chinese merganser spends the winter on the banks of Xinjiang River in clear lake Township of this county every winter. In August, 2, the county established "yiyang county Chinese merganser nature reserve". In order to put an end to the killing of migratory birds at the source, clear lake Township Chinese merganser protection station strengthened the education and warning to the villagers by hanging propaganda slogans and publicizing relevant laws and regulations prohibiting fishing. In the future, during the migration period of Chinese merganser, all vehicle personnel entering and leaving the protection station must be inspected, and no one is allowed to bring hunting tools and power into the protection zone. The winter of 1999. This rare bird was found in clear lake section of Xinjiang River, and as many as hundreds were found at one time. Proved by provincial experts. It is basically determined that clear lake section is one of the wintering sites of Chinese merganser, and it is also the wintering site of the largest population of merganser found in southern China so far. In August, 2, the government of yiyang county, Jiangxi Province established "yiyang county Chinese merganser nature reserve". Make it another rare eco-tourism spot in Yijiang county scenic spot.