Curriculum innovation? Pioneer principal Zhang Fengming—Building an equal classroom and promoting curriculum reform

The classroom is the main place for students to learn and the main channel for school education. The quality of classroom teaching is directly related to students' learning progress and academic performance. How to improve the quality of classroom teaching so that students have fair learning opportunities? This is the first question that all educators think about.

Under the guidance of the new curriculum concept, we take the classroom activities of teachers and students as the starting point, adjust the teaching relationship, reform the classroom structure and teaching methods, change the teaching model based on teacher lectures, and form an independent Efficient classroom teaching effect. The “Equality Classroom” was initially formed.

The "Equality Classroom" follows the ideas of "student-centered, teaching in accordance with aptitude, layered teaching, step-by-step, and feedback correction" advocated by American educator and psychologist Benjamin Bloom, transforming the classroom into In order to achieve the concept of equal education, it can achieve the role of point-to-point and comprehensive radiation, and ultimately realize the sharing of resources for all educators, creating a new normal of education with unified improvement and development.

The "Equal Classroom" requires all teachers and students in the school to establish the concepts of democracy, equality, cooperation, inquiry and mutual learning in teaching, and to harmonize the relationship between teachers and students, students and students. Self-study testing and clear examination are completed through study groups, master-student pairing, and "soldier-to-soldier" methods. Teachers discover problems and correct mistakes through students' demonstrations. In this way, different students can get equal opportunities to complete learning tasks equally and effectively.

Based on years of teaching practice, we have concluded that the core concepts of "Equality Classroom" are "autonomy, cooperation, inquiry, equality, and display" to implement students' dominant position and cultivate students' learning habits. It has "seven elements": the focus is collective lesson preparation, the difficulty is cultivating students' self-study habits, the basic point is the determination of learning goals, the key point is the formulation of self-study guidance, the enlightenment point is the completion of self-study testing, the highlight is the students' presentation in class, The highlight is Tangtangqing (completion of homework in class). This kind of classroom presents an equal relationship between teachers and students, students and students. Teachers teach effectively, students learn easily, parents are satisfied, students are happy, and teachers are happy.

In terms of the design of "Equality Classroom", we follow the principle of "equality, harmony, and mutual development of all teachers and students" and build a classroom structure from four aspects.

The top-level design of "Equality Classroom" mainly adheres to one "development", two "enhancements" and three "adjustments".

Adhering to "one development" means insisting on paying attention to the comprehensive development of students in classroom teaching. That is to say, students can develop proactively, comprehensively and harmoniously in moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic and labor aspects; their potential, personality and specialties can be developed; and they can develop in different layers according to their foundation and degree, and master the ability of lifelong development to achieve sustainable development. , which is the foundation of classroom teaching reform.

Insist on two "improvements". That is, the first is the improvement from "equal classroom" to harmonious campus. The "equal classroom" teaching model constructed by the school is not just about changing students' learning habits and learning methods, nor is it simply focusing on students' academic performance, but gradually changing students' behavioral habits through classroom teaching reforms; second, starting from a harmonious campus To enhance the concept of equal education. Classroom teaching reform cannot only be limited to the development of teachers in the school. The teaching experts, teaching stars, subject leaders, etc. trained by the school must communicate with other schools regularly and adopt the channel of "invite to teach and send out to learn". Drive the overall improvement of school education concepts in the region and achieve comprehensive radiation.

Adhere to three "adjustments". The first is to adjust the teacher-student relationship in classroom teaching and establish a new teacher-student relationship, that is, a democratic, equal, and cooperative teacher-student relationship in which teachers and students interact with each other and develop together. The second is to adjust the teaching methods and learning methods in classroom teaching. It is necessary to properly handle the relationship between imparting knowledge and cultivating abilities. It is necessary to focus on cultivating students' independence and autonomy. It is necessary to guide students to question, investigate and explore, and learn in practice. It is necessary to respect students' personality, pay attention to personality differences, and meet the needs of different students. Learning needs, stimulating students’ learning enthusiasm, etc.

The last step is to adjust the presentation method of classroom teaching content. While continuing to play the positive role of traditional teaching resources (blackboard, chalk, flipcharts, models, etc.), we must vigorously promote the use of modern information technology (mainly Banbantong, multimedia, etc.) Universal application in classroom teaching. Through the integration of modern information technology and subject courses, we provide a rich and colorful educational environment and powerful tools for students' learning and development, so as to achieve the goals of school curriculum reform: changing concepts, creating characteristics, focusing on improvement, and promoting development.

(1) Operational procedures of Equality Classroom. That is: "Learning, practicing and guiding are a trinity, and doubts, exploration and enlightenment are closely linked." "Study" means students' self-study, "guidance" means teacher's guidance, "practice" means self-study testing; "doubt" means students' questioning, "exploration" means cooperative exploration, and "enlightenment" means students' understanding.

(2) The lesson structure of the equality classroom: "3.15" type. That is, the "Learning and Training Guide" is divided into three 15-minute periods. In the teaching process, three "strict prohibitions" must be adhered to in the classroom: it is strictly forbidden to let things go, it is strictly forbidden to fill the whole class with words, and it is strictly forbidden to practice instead of teaching.

(3) The operation method of equality classroom implements the "five-step guidance method". That is, display goals (learning goals), self-study guidance (students self-study), test practice (check learning and guidance effects), provide guidance and clarify doubts (teacher guidance, student practice, group discussion, practice during discussion, discussion during practice), in-class training ( Tangtangqing: complete the homework in class), the operation process is referred to as "Exhibition-Learning-Practice-Guide-Qing".

Collective preparation of lessons is the prerequisite for our curriculum reform. We gather the strengths of everyone and unite and cooperate to maximize the efficiency of curriculum reform. At the end of the collective lesson preparation, the "five unifications" must be achieved, namely, unified learning objectives, unified self-study guidance, unified self-study testing, unified clearing up, and unified clearing every day. The specific process is:

(1) Make a plan. According to the actual situation, at the beginning of the semester, the main coordinator and center spokesperson for each teaching content should be determined, and the responsibilities and measures should be clear.

(2) The main preparation person is the first to prepare. The preparation staff should carefully study the teaching materials and course standards at ordinary times, and combine them with the school's curriculum reform requirements to carefully design every link of exhibition, learning, guidance, practice and clarity, and form a preliminary teaching plan before collective lesson preparation every week. When preparing lessons collectively, the initial plan is handed over to everyone for discussion. The lead preparer can also try out the lesson plans designed by himself in advance. All team members listen to the lesson together to understand the practical effects, evaluate the lesson first, and then discuss it.

(3) Collective discussion to achieve common knowledge. First, the lecturer will give a lecture and propose teaching ideas and classroom design. Secondly, the spokesperson of the center made a speech and put forward personal opinions and distinct opinions on the processing of teaching materials, grasping key points, breaking through difficulties, optimizing guidance and learning methods, self-study testing and the design of in-class training. Again, everyone expressed their opinions, put forward rational suggestions, and formed individual cases based on actual conditions. Finally, in their own teaching, teachers prepare lessons twice according to different academic conditions, and finally form lesson plans and study plans suitable for the students they teach.

The construction of learning groups can ensure the smooth implementation of efficient classrooms and also highlight the dominant position of students. Students can also find their own position in group cooperation. The construction of study groups has its specific requirements. First, the groups should be divided into homogeneous groups and heterogeneous groups. Second, group management should be self-managed with clear responsibilities. The third is to form a group culture. Each group must have "two ones": a distinctive group name, a set of strict, detailed and binding "group rules", and a cooperative learning group evaluation form posted in the class.

The grouping of study groups must be democratic, fair, equal and complementary. The method is:

(1) There are 6 people in each group, and the average scores between the groups are roughly the same (the distribution of good, medium and poor is reasonable);

(2) The number of male and female students is balanced , try to take into account the complementary abilities, personalities, interests, and specialties of team members;

(3) Select students with good academic performance, strong sense of responsibility, and certain organizational and management capabilities to serve as subject team leaders, and comprehensively Responsible for the learning management and supervision of this subject group.

In order to strengthen the management of the curriculum reform work and implement the "Equal Classroom" curriculum reform, we have formulated a strict management system, clarified the management model, strengthened team building, and ensured the implementation of the "Equal Classroom" .

In order to smoothly promote the "Equal Classroom" curriculum reform, the school has formulated a number of systems based on actual conditions, such as the "Teaching Reform Implementation Plan", "Administrative Class Attendance System", "Teachers' Classroom Code of Conduct", "" The "Trinity of Learning, Practicing, and Guidance, and the Interlocking of Doubts, Explorations, and Enlightenments" Tutorial Guide Manual, "Collective Lesson Preparation System," "Work Implementation Plan for Tangtang Qing, Daily Qing, and Weekly Qing" etc. allow teachers to have rules to follow and standardize lessons. Change development.

The leadership team has a clear division of labor. The principal conducts daily inspections, weekly administrative inspections are conducted, grade leaders supervise, grade group leaders and subject group leaders participate in daily management, and student unions carry out special inspections. Timely commend the typical cases discovered during the inspection, timely summarize the experience, timely comment on the process, timely announce the results, timely feedback on problems found, ensure that management is in place and responsibilities are assigned to everyone, so that there are no loopholes in daily management.

If you want to promote classroom reform, you must have an excellent team of teachers. Teachers must continue to learn and enrich themselves for the school's new goals, have strong ability to withstand pressure and be patient, be of one heart and one mind with the school, share joys and sorrows with the school, regardless of personal gains and losses, and take into account the overall situation.

Teachers must have a positive and positive attitude and be determined to do something great with the school. It is necessary to strengthen business learning and continuously improve one's own quality. You must correct your mentality, position yourself, abide by the rules, and do your job well. Only in this way can the school be promoted to build its own brand and the talent base of the brand school be created.

Curriculum reform breeds culture, and culture leads curriculum reform. The campus culture built in the curriculum reform is not only reflected in visible cultural slogans and cultural showcases, but also in distinctive cultural and entertainment activities, boutique club activities and the improvement of students' moral quality. The school founded the school magazine "Flower Language", launched the school-based course "Innovative Writing Methods", and opened art and sports interest classes. A school sports meeting is held every year, a grade basketball game is held every semester, a "Red May" chorus competition is held in the first semester every year, a "Art Performance" is held on New Year's Day and other activities; activities such as "Learning from Lei Feng's Month" and "Tomb Sweeping Day Martyrs' Gravesweeping" are actively carried out ”, “Double Ninth Festival Condolences to the Lonely Elderly” and other activities; the trade union regularly organizes all faculty and staff to carry out activities such as mountain climbing, running, tug-of-war, and artistic performances. The cultural showcase aims to "let every wall speak and every tree express feelings", rooting campus culture in every class and in the heart of every student, truly making the construction of campus culture ubiquitous in the curriculum reform.

Building an "equal classroom" is a process that gathers the wisdom of all teachers and students, and it is also a process that improves core competencies and promotes student development. In the future, we will not forget our original aspirations, continue to explore the construction and optimization of "equal classrooms", and implement "equal classrooms" to ensure that every student can get equal opportunities, harvest the wisdom of education, and bloom infinitely in a limited space. The education is wonderful.

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Focusing on the "educational mission and responsibilities of principals in the new era", focusing on the fundamental task of cultivating moral character and cultivating people in the new era, innovating the education and school-running model, promoting the cultivation of innovative talents and the integration of schools The "Yearbook of Chinese Figures? Pioneer Principals", which explores the improvement of school teaching quality in the new era and promotes the innovative development of basic education schools, will be jointly promoted by China Education News Network, Tencent Education Network, Sohu Education Network and other media in the near future. stay tuned!

The New Curriculum Think Tank Education Research Center (NCTT) is committed to cultivating the results of basic education curriculum reform, summarizing and promoting typical experiences in curriculum construction, promoting the coordination and overall development of national, local and school-based curriculum construction in primary and secondary schools, and promoting the The characteristics of primary schools are formed, and a curriculum system for primary and secondary schools that meets the requirements of quality education is constructed.

The New Curriculum Think Tank Education Research Center is also committed to becoming an important position to promote quality education, create a school characteristic development brand, and promote the cultivation of students' core competencies. We will give full play to the characteristics and advantages of the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences, Chinese Language Press, Educational Science Press and scientific research institutions to further increase the research on the improvement of young people's reading and writing abilities and core competencies to create excellent reading and writing Education model school.