What was the fuse of the May 4th Movement?

The direct cause of the May 4th Movement was the failure of diplomatic relations between China and foreign countries at the Paris Peace Conference, and the deeper cause was an emotional outburst of humiliation of China by the people of China in the past century. .

19 18 At the end of the year, the First World War ended. Prior to this, the Beiyang government took the last bus of the victorious country and joined the allied forces in August 19 17.

Prior to this, the Beiyang government betrayed the national interests many times in order to get the support of Japan.

From 19 17 to 19 18 in September, Beiyang government borrowed from Japan for eight times, which was called Xiyuan Loan.

19 18 In September, China and Japan held a secret exchange of letters on Ji Jiao Railway, allowing Japan to station troops in Jinan, and the patrol team of Ji Jiao Railway should employ Japanese, and the railway was jointly operated by China and Japan.

1965438+From March to May, 2008, China and China signed the Sino-Japanese Military Agreement against the Enemy, which granted Japan various rights, such as the right to station troops in Northeast China and Outer Mongolia to prevent the invasion of allied countries or Soviet Russia, the right to use China's military maps, and the right to appoint Japanese instructors in's army. This is basically the content of Article 5 in the previous "Article 21".

After the German defeat, people all over the world rejoiced, especially the people of China. They chanted "Justice triumphs over might" and hoped that China, as a victorious country, would abolish the unequal treaties with other countries and wash away the humiliation suffered in the past century.

From1919 65438+10/8, the victors of World War I held a peace conference in Paris, France. Before the meeting, the president of the United States put forward the 14 principle of peace, including the abolition of secret treaties, equal treatment of colonial people, and the establishment of an international alliance, which was widely welcomed by all countries.

On February 6th, 2005, the delegation of China formally submitted a proposal on the Shandong issue to the General Assembly. At first, the United States supported China, but the Japanese threatened to withdraw from the League of Nations, and the United States finally compromised. On April 30th, the General Assembly decided to support Japan's position and transfer German rights and interests in Shandong, China to Japan.

The May 4th Movement broke out.

When the news came back to China, there was a sudden anger. On May 1 day, Beijing's China Times published the failure reason of the China delegation's report: "The reason why China failed this time was that Japan had a secret treaty with Britain and France to cede Jiaoao to Japan from February to March 2007, and the China authorities had a contract with the Japanese government from September to June 2008.

In this context, the May 4th Movement was launched vigorously. With the support of patriots from all walks of life, thousands of students from more than a dozen universities in Beijing held a massive demonstration on May 4, and put forward slogans such as "Fighting for national rights outside, getting rid of national thieves inside", "Cancelling Article 21" and "refusing to sign contracts". The "national thief" here refers to the "traffic director Cao Rulin" at that time.