Study and review materials for Chinese, Mathematics, and English in primary school for six years (summary)

Characters in Volume 12:

1. Mrs. Bernold’s family: witty, brave, calm and calm, and not afraid of danger.

2. Nie Rongzhen: clear about grievances and grievances, generous and righteous, and charitable.

3. The young man who served the King of Wu: Extraordinary wisdom.

4. Sun Wukong: witty, brave, and piercing eyes.

5. Zhu Bajie: honest and cute, delicious and lazy.

6. Tang Seng: Be kind-hearted and compassionate.

7. Monk Sha: Loyal

8. Spalatier: Diligent in observation, good at thinking, and perseverant.

9. The street sweeper of Tianyou Peak: warm and hospitable, loving nature and life, full of confidence, open-minded and cheerful.

10. Yu Qian: Strong and unyielding, upright.

11. Wang Mian: Don’t flatter the world, be chaste and self-reliant.

12. Flaubert: Follow the guidance.

13. Maupassant: Be open-minded and eager to learn, study hard and practice hard.

14. Teacher Liu: Physically disabled but strong-willed, optimistic and cheerful, persistent in pursuit, and constantly striving for self-improvement.

15. Confucius: full of wisdom and good at teaching.

16. Yan Hui: humble, calm, gentle and elegant.

17. Zilu: generous, generous and charitable.

Develop good study habits (12)

1. The text in this volume requires us to develop the concepts of "reading thousands of books and traveling thousands of miles" and "learning to apply them in practice" Study habits.

2. Famous sayings with the same meaning as "Read thousands of books and travel thousands of roads":

①. You must be in contact with social reality to make the books you read come alive. ——Lu Xun

②. Use your own eyes to read the book of the world. ——Lu Xun

The ancient poem has the same meaning as “reading thousands of books and traveling thousands of miles”:

What you read on paper will eventually make you feel shallow, but you will definitely know that you have to do it.——Lu You "Winter Night Reading Shows Ziyu"

Unit 1: Magnificent Mountains and Rivers

1. Song of the Yangtze River

1. "We praise the Yangtze River, you are infinite "We are attached to the Yangtze River, you have the feelings of a mother." This sentence appears many times in the poem. This writing technique is called repetition. The advantage of this writing is to strengthen the rhythm of the language and enhance the love of the Chinese people for the Yangtze River. The emotion of attachment.

2. The "you" in the article "Song of the Yangtze River" refers to the Yangtze River. The article is written in the second person. The advantage of this writing is that it makes people read more intimately and expresses the Yangtze River more directly. love and attachment. Facing the Yangtze River like this, we can use idioms such as long-standing, majestic, colorful, ancient, and majestic to describe it.

3. Please write 4 ancient poems about the Yangtze River

① The shadow of the solitary sail is far away from the blue mountains, and only the Yangtze River is visible in the sky. ——Li Bai's "Farewell to Meng Haoran in Guangling"

② The endless falling trees rustled and the endless Yangtze River rolled in. ——Du Fu's "Ascend the High"

③ The Tianmen interrupts the opening of the Chu River, and the clear water flows eastwards to this point. ——Li Bai's "Looking at Tianmen Mountain"

④The stars hang down on the plains and the fields are vast, and the moon surges across the river. ——Du Fu's "Expressing My Feelings on a Night Journey"

⑤The mountains end with the plains, and the river flows into the wilderness. ——Li Bai's "Farewell at Jingmen"

4. Both the Yangtze River and the Yellow River are called the mother rivers of the Chinese nation. Please write an ancient poem about the Yellow River:

②The Yellow River has nine bends and thousands of miles of sand, and the waves and winds blow it from the end of the world. ——Liu Yuxi's "Lang Tao Sha"

③ Far above the Yellow River, among the white clouds, there is an isolated city called Wanren Mountain. ——Wang Zhihuan's "Liangzhou Ci"

④The water of the Yellow River comes up from the sky and rushes to the sea never to return. ——Li Bai's "Journey into the Wine"

⑤The sun sets over the mountains and the Yellow River flows into the sea. ——Wang Zhihuan, "Climbing the Stork Tower"

2. Sunset in Sanya

1. In "Sunset in Sanya", the author compares the sunset to a child, a red lantern, and a diver.

2. Write words with the same structure as "Red Zhu Dantong"

Piano, chess, calligraphy, painting, pen, ink, paper, inkstone, birds, beasts, fish, insects, rivers, lakes, seas, east, west, south, north, joy, anger, sorrow, plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum

3. The sea in Yantai

1. The sea in Yantai is a painting, a vast background, and a magnificent stage. Generations of Yantai people have performed majestic dramas here. It is said to be a painting because it is as beautiful and colorful as a painting; it is said to be like a broad background because it is the support of the material and cultural life of Yantai people; it is said to be like a magnificent stage because it provides a basis for the survival and development of Yantai people. , creation, provides huge space. This sentence uses the rhetorical device of parallelism.

2. "Yantai's Sea" is written in the order of seasons. The reason why I write about winter first is because the scene of Yantai's sea in winter is particularly unique and a magnificent scenery.

3. "The Sea in Yantai" This article describes the unique landscape of the sea in Yantai: the dignity of winter, the lightness of spring, the romance of summer, the loftiness of autumn, and the people of Yantai against the background of the sea. The labor and life express the thoughts and feelings of love for the beautiful nature and love of life.

4. After reading "mountain-like swells" and "thunder-like roar", I thought of idioms: rough waves, turbulent waves, thunderous, deafening.

4. Remember Jinhua’s Shuanglong Cave

1. It was dark in front of my eyes, but I could still feel that the rocks on the left, right and above seemed to be squeezing towards me. I also felt that if I raised my head even a little, I would definitely break my forehead and scratch my nose. This passage uses psychological description to describe my feelings when passing through the hole.

2. The author of the text "Remembering Jinhua's Double Dragon Cave" is Ye Shengtao. According to the order of the tour, the text writes about the situation on the road → the entrance of the cave → the outer cave → the hole → the inner cave → the exit of the cave. In addition, the route of the spring water is also a clue to the article. Its route is deep black cave → inner cave → pore → outer cave → cave entrance → foot of the mountain.

4. The outer cave of Jinhua’s Shuanglong Cave is characterized by its large size, while the inner cave is characterized by being dark, strange, and large. The pores connecting the outer cave and the inner cave are characterized by their narrowness.

5. "Remembering the Shuanglong Cave in Jinhua" is a travel note that describes what the author saw when he went to the Shuanglong Cave in Jinhua, Zhejiang. It expresses the author's love for the mountains and rivers of his motherland and his love for nature.

The sentence that originated the name of Jinhua Shuanglong Cave: First of all, there are of course the two dragons winding on the top of the cave, a yellow dragon and a green dragon.

6. The author grasps the three aspects of the inner cave: blackness, strangeness, and largeness, and focuses on describing the "strangeness" of the scenery in the inner cave. One is the "strange shape", which is represented by rocks with various shapes. stalactites and stalagmites; the second is the "strange color", which is manifested in different colors; the third is the "double dragons" on the top of the cave, a yellow dragon and a green dragon.

7. Question rhetoric: What kind of small boat is it? It's just right for two people to sit side by side. There's no room for a third person. It's such a small boat.

Contrast rhetoric: No matter the leaves of the flowers, they are more energetic than the potted rhododendrons.

Metaphor: The entrance of the cave is like a bridge, very wide.

Numerical explanation: If a thousand or eight hundred people gather there for a meeting, it will definitely not feel crowded.

Unit 2: Justice Must Win

5. The Marco Polo Bridge Beacon Fire

1. Wrote the second chapter in "The Marco Polo Bridge Beacon Fire" and "Half Candle" respectively. During World War I, the people of the East and the West resisted aggression and loved their motherland. 2010 commemorates the 64th anniversary of the Anti-Japanese War.

2. The "Marco Bridge Incident" occurred on July 7, 1937, also known as the "July 7th Incident". "The Marco Polo Bridge Incident kicked off the Chinese people's comprehensive war of resistance. From then on, a great war began in full swing." This sentence revealed the great historical significance of the "Marco Bridge Incident".

< /p>

Accumulate idioms related to battle scenes in this lesson: people flipping on their backs, deafening, crying for father and mother, fleeing in panic, ghosts crying and wolves howling, rats scurrying around

4. "Secretly, touch" reveals the Japanese army The sinister intentions and despicable actions are full of contempt and contempt; "Quietly and marching" expresses the resourcefulness, bravery and fighting skills of our country's defenders, and contains the meaning of praise and praise.

5. "Pingjin is in danger! North China is in danger! The Chinese nation is in danger!" The rhetorical technique of progressive parallelism is used to imitate: After the "5.12" earthquake, the people across the country shouted "Come on Wenchuan!" Come on, Sichuan! Come on, China!”

6. Half-Cut Candle

1. “Half-Cut Candle” This article describes Beno’s involvement in secret intelligence transmission during the Second World War. Mrs. Germany, mother and son, fought wits and courage with the suddenly intruding German officers, dealt skillfully with each other, and finally saved the intelligence station. They praised the mother and son for their love for the motherland and their calm, calm, resourceful and brave spirit.

2. Idioms describing critical situations: critical moment, imminent danger

Idioms describing the psychology of characters: elated, uneasy, uneasy as a knife

7. General Nie and Japan Little Girl

1. "General Nie and the Little Japanese Girl" This is a true story that happened during the Anti-Japanese War. The most benevolent and righteous General Nie is known as the "Living Bodhisattva" and the "Messenger of Sino-Japanese Friendship" because he took great care of the two Japanese orphans, had a charitable heart and a broad mind, and forged a bond between the people of China and Japan. friendship.

2. General Nie’s name is Nie Rongzhen. Please write down the marshals you are familiar with: Zhu De, Peng Dehuai, Lin Biao, Liu Bocheng, He Long, Chen Yi, Luo Ronghuan, Xu Xiangqian, Ye Jianying.

3. The text is written in the order of development, rescuing the orphan, caring for the orphan, returning the orphan, and thanking the orphan.

4. Write idioms with the same structure as "life-saving grace": a place of refuge, an invincible place, an acquaintance of eight worshippers, an injustice that is not in vain, a year that is not confused

5" The Chinese people will never regard Japanese soldiers and people as their enemies... Our Eighth Route Army, in the spirit of internationalism, with utmost benevolence and righteousness, will always fight to the end for the survival of the Chinese nation and the eternal peace of mankind..." The letter says It means: The culprit of the war of aggression against China was the Japanese fascist leaders, not the Japanese soldiers and the Japanese people, so we do not regard the Japanese soldiers and people as our enemies; at the same time, it shows the attitude of our Eighth Route Army, which is to fight for the survival of the nation and the peace of mankind. in the end. This sentence fully reflects General Nie's internationalist spirit and his most benevolent and righteous qualities.

6. If you were Mihoko who came to visit General Nie forty years later, what would you most want to say to General Nie: Thank you General for your life-saving grace. I will never forget my life-saving grace to the Chinese people. We should use practical actions to contribute to the promotion of friendship between China and Japan.

Exercise 2

1. "Summer Quatrains" was written by Li Qingzhao, a female poet in the Song Dynasty. "Being a hero in life and a hero in death" expresses the author's distinct life value orientation. The meaning of these two poems is that a person should be a hero among people while alive and make contributions to the country; even if he dies, he should sacrifice his life for the country and become a hero. A hero among ghosts. In the poem, Li Qingzhao missed the ancient Xiang Yu, with the purpose of using Xiang Yu to satirize the behavior of the Southern Song Dynasty monarchs and ministers who refused to retreat and lived in peace.

3. Gu Xiancheng wrote, "The sound of wind and rain, the sound of reading, can be heard in our ears; family affairs, state affairs, and world affairs, we care about everything." It tells us that we should also be a primary school student who cares about everything.

Unit 3: Essence of Poetry

8. Three Beats of the Bone Demon

1. "Three Beats of the Bone Demon" This article narrates the story of Sun Wukong beating the Bone Demon three times. , embodies Sun Wukong's ability to recognize the tricks of demons and his courage to conquer demons, and praises Sun Wukong's determination, wit and bravery.

2. The story "Three Strikes of Bone Demons" is taken from the Chinese novel "Journey to the West". The author is Wu Cheng'en (Ming Dynasty). Through the text, we get to know the witty, brave and powerful Sun Wukong; greedy, cunning , the scheming White Bone Demon; the kind-hearted Tang Seng who cannot identify monsters.

There are many popular stories in "Journey to the West", such as: "The Monkey King makes havoc in the Heavenly Palace", "The Monkey King is born", "Bajie fights against Liusha River"... The other three of the four famous works are " "A Dream of Red Mansions" (Cao Xueqin Qing Dynasty), "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" (Luo Guanzhong Ming Dynasty), "Water Margin" (Shi Naian Ming Dynasty).

3. Three-character story titles in the four major classics

"Journey to the West": Sun Wukong defeated the Bone Demon three times and borrowed a banana fan three times;

"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" 》: Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times, Zhuge Liang visited Zhou Yu three times, and Taoyuan three became sworn brothers;

"A Dream of Red Mansions": Grandma Liu entered the Grand View Garden three times, and the golden mandarin ducks announced their teeth three times;

"Water Margin" : Beat Zhujiazhuang three times, Lu Zhishen beat Zhen Guanxi to death with three punches, Song Jiang defeated Gao Qiu three times

9. Two poems

1. Memories of the poet of "Ru Meng Ling" It depicts the scene of a pleasant outing. On the way home due to drunkenness, he strayed into the lotus flowers and scared away all the water birds that were perching there. It shows the mood and interest of the author's early life. "Fisher's Song" depicts the beautiful scenery of the water town in spring, creates the image of a leisurely and contented fisherman, praises the interest of fishermen's life, and expresses the poet's indifferent feelings and love for nature.

2. "Ru Meng Ling" and "Yu Ge Zi" are both Ci Pai. The Ci Pai that I also know are: Qing Ping Le, Yi Jiangnan, and Shui Diao Ge Tou.

3. Xing: interest. Exhausted: exhausted.

No: Not necessarily required.

Slanting wind: light breeze.

10. "The Mantis Catches the Cicada"

1. "The Mantis Catches the Cicada" is a fable that tells the story of a young man who "catches the cicada with a mantis, followed by an oriole" , warned King Wu that it would be dangerous if he only wanted to obtain immediate benefits and ignored the hidden disasters behind him.

2. Fables include: "Pluck the seedlings to help them grow", "The Zheng man buys shoes", "Self-contradiction", "Ye Gong loves dragons"

3. The cicada's immediate benefits are dew, and the disaster behind him is The mantis; the mantis' immediate benefit is the cicada, and the disaster behind it is the oriole; the oriole's immediate benefit is the mantis, and the disaster behind it is the young man holding a slingshot. The cicada, the mantis, and the oriole have one thing in common: they only care about immediate interests and ignore the hidden dangers behind them.

11. There should be choices when reading △

1. As primary school students, we can choose excellent literary works, especially ancient and modern Chinese and foreign classics; we can choose celebrity biographies; we can choose popular science works Books; you can choose some reference books. If you learn to choose appropriate reading materials, you can use your limited time to read more good books and gain more knowledge.

2. What kind of reading materials to choose often varies from person to person. We can choose appropriate reading materials according to our own interests and hobbies. We can also ask teachers or parents for advice, or ask for advice from classmates who have read these books. Opinion.

3. Famous quotes about reading:

There are three things to read, namely heart, eyes and mouth - Zhu Xi

Reading is like mining , "Gold Rush in the Sand." ——Zhao Shuli

Read old books hundreds of times without getting tired of them, and you will know yourself after reading them carefully——Su Shi

4. Excellent literary works: "Journey to the West" and "Robinson Crusoe" "How Steel Was Tempered"

Popular science categories: "One Hundred Thousand Whys", "Gao Shiqi's Popular Science Fairy Tales"

Biography categories: "Biographies of Celebrities" "If You Give Me Three Days" "Brightness"

Reference books: "Modern Chinese Dictionary" and "Xinhua Dictionary"

Exercise 3

1. Sun Wukong is very powerful and can make somersaults, clouds, and mist. It disappears without a trace; it possesses seventy-two transformations, is ever-changing, and displays great magical powers; a pair of piercing golden eyes can detect everything clearly. He once caused havoc in the Heavenly Palace and won the reputation of "The Great Sage Equaling Heaven". Later, he protected Tang Monk from going to the West to obtain scriptures and eliminate evil.

2. Idioms containing laughter: laugh dumbly, laugh through tears, smile, smile with joy, smile with joy

Unit 4: Discovery

12. Experiments at Night

1. "Experiments at Night" narrates that through four experiments at night, the Italian scientist Sparatier finally figured out that bats rely on hearing to distinguish directions and confirm targets when flying at night, thus prompting People's research on "ultrasound". The secret is that bats use their throats to emit "ultrasonic waves" that are inaudible to human ears. This sound propagates along a straight line and is reflected back when it hits an object like light shining on a mirror. Bats use their ears to receive this "ultrasonic wave" and can quickly make judgments, fly freely and dexterously to catch food.

2. People were inspired by bats and invented radar. We must learn from Spalatier’s scientific spirit of careful observation, good thinking, constant experimentation, concentrated research, and the use of science and technology to benefit mankind.

3 Examples of bionics: Xanthium plant - velcro; electric fish - volt battery

13. Ocean - the hope of the 21st century

1. "Ocean - Hope of the 21st Century" is an explanatory article. The article tells us: The ocean is closely related to humans. In the 21st century, humans have ushered in a new era of developing and utilizing the ocean. The reason why the ocean is the hope of mankind in the 21st century is because we can ① mine rich mineral deposits from the ocean, ② obtain high-protein food, ③ use the movement of sea water to generate electricity, ④ desalinate sea water to alleviate water shortages, and ⑤ build cities on the seabed.

2. "Looking at the ocean and sighing" means: It is a metaphor for feeling helpless because of incompetence or lack of conditions when doing things.

Write two synonyms of "looking at the ocean and sighing": helpless and helpless. The reason for "looking at the ocean and sighing" in the article is: due to the underdeveloped science and technology in the past, people could not develop and utilize the ocean, and they had no choice but to do anything about its moodiness.

3. Design a propaganda slogan to protect the ocean: ①Everyone is responsible for the survival of the ocean. ②Blue ocean, the cradle of life.

4. Write words according to the requirements:

Describe the big waves of the sea: turbulent, surging, huge waves, huge waves, majestic and magnificent

Describe the vastness of the sea: endless blue waves as far as the eye can see. The vastness is boundless

14. Learn to cooperate

1. "Learn to cooperate" is a speech with "cooperation" as the topic and lists two examples to illustrate how to proceed. A fruitful collaboration. First, the symphony orchestra played the music perfectly, which shows that cooperation must have a unified goal and a spirit of collaboration; second, Chinese primary school students participated in a simulated escape experiment and achieved success, which shows that cooperation requires a spirit of self-sacrifice. What we are told is that only by learning to cooperate with others can we achieve greater success.

2. Idioms related to cooperation: we are in the same boat through thick and thin, we are in the same boat, we work together, we share the same hatred and hatred, we work together, we are of one heart and one mind, we are united as one, we share joys and sorrows

Related to cooperation As the saying goes: ①Three cobblers are as good as Zhuge Liang. ②A fence has three stakes, and a hero has three gangs. ③Everyone gathers firewood and the flames are high.

Quotes about cooperation: People need help. Although the red flowers are good, they also need the support of green leaves. ——Mao Zedong

3. After-school Exercise 3

It is not enough to give just one example, because the two examples have different focuses. The former example mainly illustrates the need for "collaboration", while the latter example The main explanation is that there must be a "spirit of sacrifice", and both of these points are elements of successful cooperation.

Exercise 4

1. The dragonfly touches the water and flies: slowly, slowly.

A corner of the city: the corner.

The breeze blows slowly, and the willow branches brush against the water: slowly; gently.

I have few companions (xiǎn).

Learning from the past and knowing the future: Observation, review

Unit 5: Understanding life

15. The road sweeper on Tianyou Peak

1. "The Sweeper of Tianyou Peak" describes what I saw and heard when I climbed Tianyou Peak. It depicts the image of a simple and confident old man, and expresses my appreciation for the old man's spirit of self-improvement, confidence and cheerfulness. , Praise for the open-minded attitude towards life.

2. Tianyou Peak - the most dangerous peak in Wuyi Mountain is characterized by: high and dangerous.

The characteristics of road sweepers are self-improvement, full of self-confidence, open-mindedness and hospitality

3. Climbing to the top will remind people of "Looking at the Mountains" written by the poet Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty. "I can't help but take a breath" because the author was surprised to see the street sweeper sweeping the stone steps without fear of danger or fatigue."

4. , I admire it very much.

5. Do you think the old man working like this every day is really "not tired" as he said? Why does the old man say he is not tired?

Of course I won’t be tired. The old man is very tired from working. The old man said he was not tired because he was very optimistic and knew how to see the good scenery in life amidst the busy and hard work. The old man was full of love and hope for life, which was a positive attitude towards life.

5. In order to describe the height and danger of Tianyou Peak, the author adopts the following expression methods:

Use vivid metaphors - like a silver thread dropped from the sky;< /p>

Use specific numbers - more than 900 steps up the mountain, more than 900 steps down the mountain, and more than 1,800 steps up and down. ;

Using the side contrast - the layers of stone steps often make tourists panting, sweating profusely, or even discouraged and return halfway.

Use vivid feelings - as if the wind could break it.

6. The description of the appearance of the characters in the article makes you realize that the old man is simple, healthy, charitable and energetic.

7. Look (liɑnɡ) thin (xuē)

16. The Biggest Ear of Wheat

1. "The Biggest Ear of Wheat" describes the ancient Greek scholar Su Grates asked his disciples to pick the biggest ear of wheat in the wheat field. The story of the disciples picking and choosing, but ended up empty-handed, reveals that in life, one must truly seize the opportunities in front of him, instead of looking around and missing opportunities. reason.

2. The understanding of Socrates’ three sentences:

② Socrates (disappointedly) said to his disciples: “You have reached the end.”

< p> "You have reached the end" expresses Socrates' regret that his disciples have lost their opportunity and are left empty-handed.

③Socrates (meaningfully) said to his disciples: "There must be one ear in this wheat field that is the biggest, but you may not be able to meet it; even if you meet it, you may not be able to make a decision. Accurate judgment. Therefore, ② the biggest ear is the one you just picked. ” ① The biggest ear refers to the biggest ear in the wheat field. ②The biggest refers to the largest ear of wheat that the disciples can see and grasp in the wheat field.

3. Text Exercise 2: The semicolon indicates the juxtaposition of the two situations before and after.

4. Wheat ears in quotation marks refer to opportunities that appear in front of you. "The greatest pursuit" refers to the lofty ideals and goals; "the ear of the eye" refers to the opportunities before us.

5. Understanding of the last sentence: A person needs to establish lofty ideals and repay his responsibilities, but he also needs to seize the opportunities that appear in front of him and complete the current tasks in a practical manner, so that he will not Opportunities will be missed and nothing will be accomplished.

6. Famous sayings or sayings about "opportunity". .

① When opportunities come, they are as short as lightning, and it is entirely up to you to take advantage of them without thinking. ——Balzac

②The opportunity cannot be missed, and it will never come back.

7. The disciples did not pick the biggest ear. The reason is: they always place their hopes in the future. They feel that there are still many opportunities for them to choose from, and they postpone the goals that should be completed. Drag, can't stand in front of you.

17. The Mystery in the Valley

1. "The Mystery in the Valley" tells us that there is a mystery in the valley in Quebec, Canada: the western slope is covered with miscellaneous trees, and the eastern slope only has cedars. . The reason is that the small amount of snow on the west slope keeps the branches from falling, while the cedar branches on the east slope will bend, shake off the snow and then rebound. Other trees without this characteristic will die. Tell us a truth: sometimes bending is not about surrender and destruction, but for survival and better development. The inspiration this sentence gives us is: in the face of pressure and adversity, we must not only dare to fight, but also learn to give in and use retreat to advance, so that we can survive and develop better. Such as Gou Jian lying on the firewood and tasting his courage, Han Xin being humiliated by his crotch, and the Red Army's 25,000-mile Long March.

2. Relevant idioms: Retreat to advance, be able to bend and stretch, sleep on the firewood and taste courage...

Motto and proverb: A man can bend and stretch. Take a step back and endure the calm for a while.

Time flies (gradually passes)

Unit 6: Song of Things and Lyrics

18. Magnolia Guang

1. Author Ai Guang I love the fragrance and purity of magnolia, and I love its strong vitality even more.

2. "Among the green leaves, the flowers are so clean and elegant. I can't accurately describe the color of the petals in words. Let's say it is pure white, and it seems to have a faint turquoise color. It penetrates; I can’t describe the texture of the petals accurately in words. Let’s say it is carved from jade and ice, and it looks so flexible and elastic.” He wrote about the petals of Magnolia grandiflorum from both the color and texture.

3. The four forms of Magnolia grandiflora: ① shyly waiting to bloom ② just blooming ③ in full bloom ④ petals withered.

3. "Several generations living together" means that several generations live together. In the article, it refers to the coexistence of various forms of magnolia flowers on the same tree species;

"Endless" means to reproduce from generation to generation without stopping. In the text, it means that withered flowers have given birth to the seeds of new life.

4. The structure of section 3: total score; order: flowers bloom and fall.

19. Oleander

1. "Oleander" describes the ① interesting color of oleander; ② the long flowering period and valuable toughness; ③ the shadow of the flowers is blurred, leading to fantasy. The touching scene expresses the author's love for oleander.

2. The author of "Oleander" is Ji Xianlin, who is known as the "Academic Master". Famous contemporary linguist, essayist, and expert on Eastern culture.

3. "I" imagined the oleander under the moonlight into three things: a map, Nymphoides in the water and a piece of black bamboo.

4. The first sentence of the fifth natural paragraph, "The beauty of oleander", refers to the long flowering period and toughness of oleander mentioned in the previous natural paragraph of the text. It serves as a link between the previous and the following.

5. The reason why the oleander under the moonlight can cause "me" many fantasies is that it casts its shadow on the wall. The shadows of the leaves are jagged and the shadows of the flowers are blurred.

6. "Asia" in the article refers to the map-like shadow of the oleander in the moonlight. Then, "the sea" refers to the blank space between the shadows, and the "sea ship crossing the ocean" is It refers to a small insect, and the "swimming fish" is actually the shadow of a moth.

7. The article uses the flowers in the yard in spring, summer and autumn to contrast and highlight the long flowering period and resilience of oleander.

20. Two ancient poems

1. "Ode of Lime" and "Mei Mei" are both poems about objects, that is, both poems use objects to express aspirations. One's own personal ambitions and noble thoughts and sentiments.

2. The author of "Song of Lime" was Yu Qian of the Ming Dynasty. Chanting is a form of ancient poetry. The poet uses the method of supporting objects to express his ambitions, and expresses the description of how the stone is not afraid of "thousands of hammers" and "fire burning", and even if it is "broken to pieces", it still leaves a pure description of lime. The poet's thoughts and feelings are different from those of other people, and he resolutely fights against the evil forces to the end.

3. The author of "Mo Mei" was Wang Mian of the Yuan Dynasty. This is a poem about painting. The plum blossoms drawn with ink are elegant in color and don't want others to praise them. They just want to leave fragrance filling the world to express the author's noble sentiments of despising popular customs, being indifferent to fame and fortune, and being chaste and self-sufficient.

4. Ancient poems about plum blossoms: Plum blossoms (Wang Anshi of the Song Dynasty) There are several plum blossoms in the corner, and Ling Han blooms alone. I know it's not snow from a distance, because there is a faint fragrance coming.

5. Poems that support things and express aspirations. Bamboo and stone (Banqiao, Zheng, Qing Dynasty) insist on clinging to the green mountains and do not relax, and their roots are still in the broken rocks. Even though you have endured countless blows, you are still strong, regardless of the east, west, north or south wind

Exercise 6

1. Spring: bright spring, red flowers and green willows, spring warmth, flowers blooming, birds singing and fragrance, blooming flowers, full of spring spirit , colorful purples and reds, the garden is full of spring scenery

Summer: green trees, sweating like rain, scorching sun in the sky, lightning and thunder, hot weather, scorching sun, scorching sun, sweating all over your back

Autumn: The autumn air is crisp, the golden breeze is refreshing, the autumn chrysanthemums are proud of the frost, the cinnamon seeds are fragrant, the autumn wind sweeps the fallen leaves, and one leaf knows autumn

Winter: ice and snow, cold weather, wind and snow, proud frost fighting snow, proud snow Ling Frost and dripping water turn into ice

3. The author of "Horse Poems" is Li He of the Tang Dynasty, which expresses the emotion of eagerly hoping to make contributions to the country but not being appreciated.

Unit 7: Unforgettable Teacher's Favor

21. Maupassant's Apprenticeship

1. "Maupassant's Apprenticeship" introduces us to Maupassant, who is open-minded, studious, and diligent. , Flaubert, a persuasive and well-taught teacher. Flaubert taught Maupassant three times: 1. Be willing to endure hardship and practice diligently; 2. Observe carefully; 3. Be persistent and be good at discovering the characteristics of things.

3. Maupassant was a famous French writer in the 19th century. His representative works include the short stories "The Necklace" and "My Uncle Jules". He is known as the "King of Short Stories".

4. "The most important thing for young people is persistence. Talent is the result of persistence in writing." This sentence was said by Flaubert. This means that for a person who is interested in writing, only by making full use of his existing talent and writing persistently can he continue to grow his talent and achieve success.

5. "What you want to write about...has no characteristics that have been written before.

"It means that writing requires not only careful observation, but also understanding of characteristics. Only by grasping characteristics can one write vividly and touchingly.

6. Flaubert, a famous French writer in the 19th century, author of the novel "Bao Bao" "Mrs. Farley"

22. The Ideal Kite

1. "The Ideal Kite" This article recounts Teacher Liu's class (joking about leg problems, translating writing on the blackboard) and flying and chasing. The scene of flying a kite praises Teacher Liu's tenacious will and love and pursuit of life, and expresses the author's nostalgia and praise for Teacher Liu. The ideal kite carries the infinite love and pursuit of life and career.

2. The word "pan" truly reflects the changes in the students' mood at that time. After laughing, they felt sad and uncomfortable from the bottom of their hearts, and their understanding and sympathy for Teacher Liu were beyond words.

The word "floating" reflects the spring breeze blowing through people's hearts. The souls that have been suppressed for a long time by the long and boring winter are finally no longer restrained, showing lightness and comfort.

The word "floating". It vividly expresses Teacher Liu's inner happiness. His face is full of sweet smile, as if it is about to overflow, vivid and expressive.

3. It is said that the round wooden stick has immeasurable merit. Because the log crutches not only support his body, but also support Teacher Liu’s optimism and confidence.

4. Teacher Liu flies more than just kites, he also flies to challenge himself. The belief in transcending oneself, the attitude of loving life, and the unremitting pursuit of ideals.

5. What is the meaning of the topic "Ideal Kite"? "Flying Kite" is a symbol of Teacher Liu's love for life. The teacher has a disabled leg and has difficulty moving, but he relies on the free-flying kite to express his ideal of making a difference in the vast world. The title of "Ideal Kite" better expresses Teacher Liu's optimistic attitude and unremitting pursuit of life. He is The students set an example and sowed ideal seeds.

23. Confucius' Spring Outing

1. "Confucius' Spring Outing" describes Confucius taking students to Surabaya to enjoy the beautiful spring scenery. , discusses the characteristics of water to teach students to be true gentlemen like water. Because water has virtues, affection, ambition, and good teaching, Confucius calls water a true gentleman.

2. After studying the text, we got to know Confucius, a great educator who was good at teaching, Zi Lu, who was kind-hearted and charitable, and Yan Hui, who was gentle, modest, calm, and cautious.

3. "Spring is getting stronger by the Sishui River" because (1) spring is here, and the Sishui River is already filled with a strong sense of spring; (2) Confucius and his disciples talked about water, which promoted the friendship between teachers and students. This sentence It has the function of deepening the center.

4. The Analects of Confucius records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples.

5. The idiom from The Analects of Confucius: Don’t seek each other, keep a distance. Don't give in...

6. The meaning of Confucius' words about water: Water nourishes all things and nurtures all living beings, and is as selfless and kind as a gentleman; water is gentle and gentle, like a gentleman's gentle and calm temperament; water penetrates mountains and rocks and cuts stone walls, Having ambitions in mind is like a gentleman with an indomitable and steadfast sentiment; water can wash away dirt and restore the true purity of all things, like a gentleman who teaches people to seek truth, goodness and beauty.

7. Water also has some qualities: if the water is full, it overflows, and it seems to know how to be content and happy, and cannot be greedy; when the water is blocked, it slows down or turns around, it seems to know how to be humble and courteous; water nourishes all things. , nurtures the heaven and the earth, it seems to be very kind; water can be small enough to become a drop, large enough to become an ocean, it seems to have magnanimity...