What is the current safety management system in China?

China's current safety management system is: enterprises are fully responsible, industry management, state supervision and mass supervision, and workers obey the rules and discipline. As the main body of safety responsibility, enterprises should take full responsibility for the safety production of enterprises. Therefore, enterprises must seriously study and implement the practical problems of safety production, follow the guiding principle of "safety first, prevention first", correctly handle the contradiction between safety and production, effectively solve the unsafe problems in production, eliminate hidden dangers of accidents, and ensure the safety of people's lives and property. To achieve safety for production, production must be safe, so that the safety production work of enterprises can embark on a virtuous circle.

1. The principal responsible person of an enterprise must attach great importance to the work of safety in production

The enterprise is the subject of safety responsibility, and the principal responsible person of the enterprise is the first responsible person of the enterprise. The Law on Safety in Production clearly stipulates that the principal responsible person of a production and business operation entity is fully responsible for the work of safety in production of the unit. Only the main person in charge of the enterprise attaches importance to the work of safety in production, establishes the management organization of safety in production, equips and attaches importance to the management personnel of safety in production, and puts all the work of safety in production on the important agenda. Then, the safety production work of enterprises can be done well. Only by doing the safety production work well can the normal production order of enterprises be guaranteed and good economic benefits be achieved. Otherwise, the enterprise's work of safety in production cannot be carried out normally, and it is impossible to achieve safety in production. Production accidents will occur one after another, and the life safety of employees will not be guaranteed. Enterprises will inevitably suffer serious losses in the economy, and the production order of enterprises will be seriously affected. Enterprises will not have good economic benefits, and even cause devastating blows to enterprises. For example, it is a good style for leading cadres to go down the well with their classes. However, in recent years, this style has disappeared in many coal mining enterprises, including some state-owned key coal mining enterprises. After the Sunjiashan mine disaster, the mine workers felt it: the cadres of the district team also went to the long white class. Therefore, in recent years, serious accidents have occurred in China's coal production, one of the main reasons is that these coal mining enterprises do not attach great importance to safety production and only pursue temporary benefits. In order to solve this problem, Shanxi Province issued the Management Regulations for Leading Cadres of Coal Enterprises in Shanxi Province. When forwarding this regulation, General Office of state administration of work safety emphasized that leading cadres of coal enterprises should go down to the well to find hidden dangers. Its purpose is to make enterprise leaders pay attention to safety production and achieve safety production. Shandong Yanzhou Mining Group has done a very good job in safety production, and the death rate per million tons of coal production is .72, far below the national average. Yankuang's safety concept is: "The key to safety is leadership". Due to the leadership's attention, safety in production has become the conscious action of workers in Yankuang, from "I want to be safe" to "I want to be safe".

2. Enterprises must conscientiously implement the responsibility system for production safety

Since the principal responsible person of an enterprise is the first responsible person of the enterprise for production safety, we should attach great importance to the work of production safety of the enterprise, but it is far from enough to pay attention to it only by the first responsible person. We should also decompose and implement the responsibility for safety layer by layer, clearly define the division of labor, perform their duties and responsibilities, and form a unity of safety responsibility within the enterprise to form a "vertical to the end, horizontal to the edge" safety. The responsibility system for safe production is an integral part of the post responsibility system of enterprises, the most basic safety system of enterprises, and the core of safety production regulations. Its essence is "everyone is responsible for safe production." Only by mobilizing the strength of all employees and forming a joint force can the safety production work of enterprises be carried out smoothly and good results be achieved. Problems in any link will bring serious consequences to the enterprise. The "Nearby Management Law" implemented by Majiliang Mine of Datong Coal Mine Group is a good example of implementing safety responsibility. In fact, the content of the management law is not complicated. The mine divides the production area into several small blocks, and each responsible area has a special person in charge. This person in charge can be a team leader or an ordinary employee. He should be responsible for the work of production safety in the responsible area, supervise the equipment operation, production progress and changes in the natural environment, report hidden dangers in time, and be responsible for the safety of "pedestrians" passing through his own responsible area. The security officer is patrolling on the "line", and the security officer may not be there, but the regional person in charge can find it in time; Ordinary employees may not handle it, but they can report it in time. If we have these two "timeliness", the accident will not happen again easily. This is precisely "a thousand pounds of burdens are carried by thousands of people, and everyone has indicators." The "Nearby Management Law" has really made more people manage safety, and the responsibility of safety management has been decomposed in place. Safety in production has really been implemented.

3. Enterprises must actively organize the formulation of their own safety production rules and regulations and operating procedures, and conscientiously implement them.

After implementing the above work, enterprises should start to formulate their own rules and regulations and operating procedures, so that enterprises can follow the rules. Safety production rules and regulations are based on safety production responsibility system, including safety production responsibility system and safety production management system. The safety production management system includes: safety production code for employees, safety production publicity and education and training system, safety production reward and punishment system, safety production inspection system, safety production meeting system, safety mine emergency rescue system, fire prevention management system, employee labor protection system, safety electricity utilization system, equipment management system, safety file management system, and employee certificates system. For the operation of various mechanical equipment, specific operating procedures should also be formulated. After the formulation of various rules and regulations and operating procedures, first of all, managers at all levels and all employees should be organized to learn and master them skillfully, and they should not operate illegally. Those who violate the rules should be dealt with seriously to maintain the seriousness of the system. Only by meeting the above requirements can the safety production work of enterprises achieve results. Northwest air traffic control bureau is a good example in implementing safety production. It not only pays attention to safety management, but always insists on "safety first and standardized management." Established a set of effective management system, so that the work can be followed. The Standardized Management Manual of Northwest Air Traffic Control Bureau came into being. This manual is divided into 17 categories of rules and regulations and 17 categories of report ledgers, with 2.1 million words. After the system is formulated, it shall be revised while practicing, and all employees shall be organized to conduct a comprehensive and systematic study of various rules and regulations of their posts, and the employees on duty shall be required to memorize them by heart and strictly abide by them. In 22, as the first official safety assessment unit in the national civil aviation system, the Bureau took the lead in carrying out safety assessment on the four systems of man, machine (device), law (regulation) and environment (environment) in safety production, and strengthened the safety management of air traffic control from the aspects of safety regulations, safety production, safety education and safety training, and thus established the concept of "endless safety management". The Bureau has not only formulated a large number of safety management rules and regulations, operating rules and operating rules, but also paid more attention to the implementation, taking the implementation of rules and regulations as an important task, starting from small things, starting from nuances, and emphasizing the work according to the rules. In the face of the system, if everyone insists on equality and lax management of cadres leads to mistakes in work, the punishment will be severely punished without mercy, and every employee's behavior will be restrained by the system, so that the overall situation has gradually formed a good atmosphere of doing things according to the rules and obeying the rules and disciplines.

IV. Enterprises must ensure the investment in production safety

In the new construction, reconstruction, expansion and technical transformation projects, the labor safety and health facilities and the main project must be carried out in accordance with the principle of "three simultaneities", that is, they should be designed, constructed and put into use at the same time. In daily safety management, it is also necessary to ensure continuous investment in safety, and there must be no "debt" in safety. If the investment in safety is insufficient, it will constantly generate and increase new hidden dangers, forming a vicious circle of "old debts" not being paid back and "new accounts", which will bring serious threats to the life safety of employees and endless troubles to enterprises. This year, the state will allocate 3 billion yuan of special funds to focus on the renovation of safety facilities in state-owned coal mines, that is, the "old debt" that is still safe, so as to change the weak links in the safety production of large state-owned coal mines, and thus drive coal mining enterprises to invest in safety themselves and avoid frequent serious safety accidents.

5. Enterprises must strengthen safety education and training to improve the quality of employees and the management level of managers.

Enterprise employees need to constantly improve their professional quality and safety quality. Only by improving their quality can they successfully complete all the work of the enterprise and achieve good benefits. The purpose of safety education and training is to enhance the sense of responsibility of employees, improve their safety awareness and their ability to prevent and deal with accidents. Implementing safety education is an important and effective measure to ensure safety in production. Through education, the workers should know what they should know and obey it consciously, and change "I want to be safe" into "I want to be safe". The methods of safety education include:

1. Create a safe production atmosphere. Such as the use of wall newspapers, radio, publicity slogans and other publicity of safe production knowledge, requirements and safe production of good deeds, advanced experience and other content.

2. Teaching by leaders or professionals. According to different periods and different educational objects, different forms of education are adopted, such as "three-level education", team education, technical training education for special operators, pre-shift and post-shift education, retraining education, job change education, and special education for individual employees.

3. Organize safety production activities. Mainly to put the knowledge and operating essentials of safety in production into activities that are easily accepted and willing to participate by the masses, such as entertainment and sports, so that employees can directly participate, and enhance their safety awareness and intuitive sense of operation in the activities, and guide employees to care about safety in production and participate in safety in production. The object of safety education and training is not only the ordinary employees of enterprises, but also the principal responsible persons and managers at all levels of enterprises. The purpose of training the principal responsible persons and managers at all levels of the enterprise is to make them attach great importance to the safety production of the enterprise, and at the same time make them understand and master the relevant national laws, regulations and safety production policies, so as to achieve scientific management, safety production and law-abiding operation of the enterprise.

VI. Enterprises must strengthen production safety inspection to eliminate hidden dangers of accidents

Production safety inspection is not only the provisions of relevant national laws and regulations, but also an objective requirement for doing a good job in production safety. It is an effective management method.

VII. Enterprises must earnestly do a good job in the management of production safety accidents

Enterprises should adhere to the principle of "four don't let go" for every safety accident, that is, the cause of the accident is unclear, the person responsible for the accident has not been dealt with, the employees have not been educated, and the rectification measures have not been implemented. Analyze the reasons from the accident, draw lessons and avoid the recurrence of similar accidents.

the above is the main part of the enterprise's safety production management, and it is also the prerequisite for the normal production and operation of the enterprise to achieve good benefits, and the enterprise must do it well. At the same time, enterprises should also do a good job in other aspects of safety production, such as the collection and arrangement of safety files and coordination with government safety supervision departments.