Urgent, urgent, urgent! ! ~~~! ! Please provide an article on construction organization design for civil buildings, such as commercial housing or something like that! ! Thank you very much. Send

Urgent, urgent, urgent! ! ~~~! ! Please provide an article on construction organization design for civil buildings, such as commercial housing or something like that! ! Thank you very much. Send email to 244671592@qq.com

1 Basis for the construction organization design

The basis for the construction organization design of this project is:

1 Qinglang Project Bidding Documents.

2 The construction drawing of this project designed by the Sichuan Provincial Design Institute.

3 On-site site conditions, surrounding environment conditions and three connections and one leveling situation.

4 Current national construction engineering laws, regulations, specifications, standards, etc.

2 Project Overview

2.1 Basic Overview

1.1 Project Name: Aba Prefecture Qinglang Hydropower Station Complex Building Project.

2.2 Construction unit:.

2.3 Design unit: Sichuan Chengdu Design Co., Ltd.

2.4 Supervision unit: Supervision Co., Ltd.

2.5 Project location: Qinglang Township, Heishui County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province.

2.6 Project Features: This project is a comprehensive building integrating dormitories and office buildings. The dormitory on the left has three floors, and the office building on the right has two floors, with a total construction area of ??3386 square meters. Building height 12 meters

2.2 Building overview

1. Wall decoration:

1) Interior wall: a. Two coats of white paint on the interior wall b. 2 thick fine paper tendon plastered with gray c, 16 thick 1:1:6 cement lime mortar layered and smoothed

a, two coats of interior wall paint painted white b, 8 thick 1:2 cement mortar smoothed Surface c, 12 thick 1:3 cement mortar is smoothed in layers (for bathrooms and washrooms)

2) Exterior wall surface: a. Exterior wall paint surface layer b, 1:2 cement mortar low Degree calendering c, 1:3 water cement mortar roughening

2. Ceiling: a. Two coats of interior wall paint painted white b. 2 thick fine paper ribs plastered with gray c. 12 thick 1:0.4:4 Cement paper reinforcement and gray mortar are leveled and smoothed

3. Wall skirt: a. High 1800 colored glazed brick surface layer, specification 200*300; b. 8 thick 1:2 cement mortar bonding layer; c. 12 thick 1:3 cement mortar layered and smoothed (used in bathrooms and washrooms)

4. Skirting boards: a, 6 thick 1:2 cement mortar bonding layer; b, 12 thick 1:3 Cement mortar surface layer

5. Leg-tie: a. Exterior wall paint surface layer; b. 20 thick 1:2 waterproof mortar layered and smoothed, 300 high.

6. Water dispersion: a. 5-thick 1:1.5 cement mortar and smooth as you pound; b. 50-thick C20 fine stone concrete; c. 60-thick gravel cushion; d. Width 800, each Expansion joints are provided at 12m, and the joints should be filled with construction grease.

2.2 Structural Overview

1. Concrete project: The foundation project adopts an independent foundation, the main body is a full-frame cast-in-place structure, the concrete grade foundation cushion is C10, the beam and boiler are C35, and the slab is C25 ;

2. Masonry work: The exterior walls above the ground are constructed with shale hollow bricks and M5 mixed mortar with a thickness of 200M and 100M.

3. The investment in this project has been fully implemented, the construction drawings are ready, the three connections and one leveling have been basically completed, and the conditions for construction are ready.

3 Construction Master Plan

3.1 Construction Objectives of this Project

Construction period: 108 calendar days.

Quality: Ensure high-quality projects.

Safety: Ensure that no serious casualties occur.

Civilized construction: creating a standardized construction site in Sichuan Province.

3.2 Project Organization System

Construction project management organization is the basic condition for project management. It is a power system, responsibility system, interest system, etc. formed with a reasonable and effective organizational structure as the framework. Information system is the organizational guarantee for the implementation of project management and its ultimate goal. Therefore, establishing a complete construction project organization is the primary issue for construction project management.

Based on the characteristics of this project, according to our company's organizational setting procedures, the project management department organization was set up and reported to the group head office. The details are as follows:

In order to fully Reflecting the advantages of project management, it is beneficial to optimize the allocation of resources, dynamic management, continuous and balanced construction, save costs, and improve work efficiency. The project team will be equipped with three stages of dynamic management during the specific implementation phase of the project.

3.3 Determination of the project team and construction team

The leaders of our company attach great importance to this project and decided to set up a national second-level project manager as the project manager for this project. This will form a strong on-site management team with good quality, sophisticated technology and good management. (See the attachment for details of the main members of the leadership team of this project).

In order to ensure the quality and progress of the project, the relevant leaders of the company will regularly participate in the relevant coordination meetings held by the project management department of this project and provide guidance on the work of the project department. In order to strengthen the coordination between the project department and all parties, the project department will regularly publish project briefings according to the practice of our company headquarters, so as to promptly report the progress of the project to the construction unit, construction supervisory unit, municipal construction management bureau and other relevant units.

3.4 Construction Sequence

The construction period of this project is tight, and sufficient manpower, material resources, and financial resources must be invested to ensure the realization of the project goals.

1. In order to reasonably secure the labor force and construction materials of this project, flow lines are implemented.

2. The general construction sequence is as follows

:

Completion

3.5 Overall construction plan

In order to facilitate construction , to speed up the construction progress, the foundation is excavated manually, and the concrete for the main structure is mixed in one place. Tower cranes are used for vertical transportation. In order to ensure the quality of the concrete, the main formwork mainly uses plywood. According to the geographical characteristics of this project, the formwork support is based on the unit project floor height of less than 30 meters. The external scaffolding is made of comprehensive scaffolding.

3.6 Safe and Civilized Construction Plan

I 1. The project department has established a safety management team, with full-time safety officers patrolling the construction site every day and keeping safety diaries. Full-time safety officers have the right to veto any behavior that endangers safety at the construction site. Safety organization chart:

2. Workers entering the site and workers changing types of work must undergo on-the-job safety education and establish files for those educated. Operations of special types of work must be carried out with certificates, and illegal operations and work without certificates are strictly prohibited.

3. Improve the safety technology disclosure system. Conduct written safety disclosures for units, divisions, and sub-projects for different work parts, different work contents, and different types of work, and establish a safety ledger in accordance with regulations, with the signature of the person to whom the disclosure is made.

4. Adhere to the principle of "managing production must manage safety" while issuing production plans. A plan for technical safety measures must be issued.

5. Temporary use of electricity at construction sites must strictly comply with JGJ46-88 "Technical Specifications for Safety of Temporary Use of Electricity at Construction Sites".

6. The construction electrical system must ensure sensitive and reliable two-level and above electric shock protection. Temporary power distribution lines at the construction site must be laid overhead.

7. All mechanical and electrical equipment on site should have rainproof, moisture-proof and safety measures. Set up a distribution box to protect one machine and one gate. Electrical appliances and operating mechanical equipment must be inspected and maintained regularly. Prevent machinery and equipment from running sick. It is strictly prohibited to use reverse switches on all construction machinery and equipment.

8. There must be obvious fire prevention publicity signs and fire prevention systems on site. Sufficient fire fighting equipment should be equipped. No less than two fire extinguishers should be placed on each construction floor. These must be strictly implemented during construction. Open fire use approval system.

9. Pay attention to public security work, establish a construction site security management team, and establish temporary security management files for

construction workers.

Before entering the site, all construction personnel should be educated on civilized construction and standardized construction site management, firmly establish the awareness of civilized construction, strictly implement the provisions of the "Sichuan Province Civilized Construction Safety Standardized Site Management Regulations", and establish A full-time leadership group and full-time personnel have made commitments to on-site security and protection, ensuring civilized construction and striving to create a standardized construction site.

1. Set up an icon at a conspicuous location on the construction site, and attach a slogan to promote the corporate spirit and the goals of the project.

2. The construction site should be surrounded by walls, fences, and gatekeepers to prevent idlers from entering the site casually. Strengthen education and publicity on civility and courtesy. It is strictly prohibited to graffiti or carve on buildings, and it is not allowed to defecate or urinate anywhere in the building.

3. Set up temporary facilities, arrange machines and tools, and stack materials, components and semi-finished products in strict accordance with the area and location in the general layout plan stipulated in the construction organization design. Strive to make the construction site civilized and tidy.

4. During foundation construction, the soil should be discarded according to the principles specified in the construction plan. When transporting soil out, the wheels of the earth-moving vehicles must be cleaned before going out to protect the cleanliness of the traffic roads.

5. A strict segmentation and individual position responsibility system should be established at the construction site. On this basis, the project department established a special on-site cleanup team composed of five people to be responsible for the cleanup of the entire construction site. And designate a dedicated person to carry out plane management of the construction site. Ensure that the site is clean, conduct regular assessments, and arrange a comprehensive cleanup once a week to ensure that the entire construction site is clean and tidy.

6. The on-site material storage yard should have good drainage measures. Various materials must be stacked neatly according to specifications, models, lengths and other specifications. Make sure they are stacked in a straight line.

7. During the mixing and transportation of concrete and mortar, it is necessary to ensure that there is no leakage or spillage. Spills must be cleaned up in time. Ashes falling on the ground must be cleaned up and used in time. Sand and stones must be cleaned and used. .

8. The mechanical equipment used on site must be placed according to the requirements of the general layout, and the fuselage must always be kept clean, safe and reliable. All mechanical equipment must not be operated in a sick state, and drainage measures should be provided around the mixer.

9. Toilets should be set up on site. Movable toilet buckets should be set up on each construction floor. Special personnel should be designated to clean and clean every day to keep them clean, and measures should be taken to eliminate flies, maggots and mosquitoes.

10. Establish a canteen sanitation system, strictly implement the Food Hygiene Law, and ensure the supply of tea at the construction site.

In short, the construction site must be civilized:

The site should be flat and the roads should be smooth; water supply and drainage should be unimpeded;

The site environment should be safe and hygienic; materials and components, Stack neatly;

Machinery and tools should be neat and clean, with zero connections and grounding; dangerous goods should be stored in isolation;

Whoever does it should clean it up in a timely manner; after the work is completed, the materials should be cleaned up, and the windows should be clear and the floor should be clean;

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4 Main construction methods

4.1 Earthworks

1. According to the drawing design, this project has a basement. The foundation is mainly an independent foundation with a design depth of -4m. Therefore, the earth excavation depth is 4m. In order to speed up the construction progress, the basement is mainly mechanically excavated with natural slopes and the foundation pit is excavated manually. Dig drainage ditches and water collection wells around the foundation pit

2. The excavation sequence adopts segmented excavation, segmented trench inspection, and segmented cap foundation (projects requiring separate bidding for pile foundation and main body according to national regulations) , when doing foundation projects, the owner must submit the pile foundation acceptance certificate

3. Earth spoil and backfilling

According to the conditions on the site, within the construction area, the foundation The earth excavated from the pit is piled in the unexcavated area. After the foundation is completed, the earth will be backfilled directly, and the remaining part will be backfilled with borrowed soil.

4. According to the specification requirements, the earthwork in this project will be compacted in layers. , every 200MM filled should not be greater than 150 after compaction. Pay attention to removing impurities from the backfill soil, and the density should not be less than 90%.

4.2 Concrete Project

1. In order to ensure the quality of the concrete, To reduce the heat of hydration caused by excess cement, it is necessary to control the slump of the concrete, which must be controlled between 3-5 (normal temperature). With the increase in height and changes in weather, the upper body concrete The slump can be slightly adjusted.

2. On-site mixing of concrete. According to the drawings, the largest square volume of this project is about 150m3. According to the calculation, a 350L concrete mixer is planned to be used. Its productivity is 7m3/h.

3. Concrete transportation. Concrete transportation is all done directly by concrete transportation

4. Concrete pouring. According to past experience, every time when pouring concrete, each person The vibration hand needs to be carried out according to the method of quick insertion and slow dialing, and at the same time, the condition of the template should be observed. In complicated places, a hammer or iron rod should be used to tap the template to determine whether the vibration is in place, especially at the junction.

5. The control of the concrete elevation of the floor slab is mainly carried out by using the sign pole method, that is, welding φ6 vertical bars to the steel bars on the slab surface, and then measuring the elevation with a level and marking it with red paint.

6. The concrete marking must be applied before each pouring, and will be reviewed after receiving the concrete pouring order. Only when it is confirmed to be correct can the structural concrete pouring be carried out.

7. The production of test blocks must comply with the requirements of the specification. One set must be made for each shift, every 100m3, and each construction section. At the same time, the project department must also build a standard test block maintenance pool.

8. Concrete maintenance: Concrete should be protected in winter, such as using straw bags or plastic films for maintenance, and watering and maintenance in summer. The maintenance time is generally not less than 14 days.

9. Retention of construction joints: Columns should be left on the slab surface or foundation surface, and beam-type slabs should be left in the middle third.

10. Concrete pouring must be applied in advance. Concrete pouring can only be carried out after obtaining the concrete pouring order issued by the construction unit or supervision unit.

11. Pour first and then pour the beams, slabs and stairs at once.

4.3 Steel bar project

1. The total steel bar of this project is about 115 tons, with specifications ranging from φ6 to φ28. The vertical transportation of steel bars mainly relies on tower cranes.

2. The steel bars for this project are purchased by us. They can only be purchased after confirmation by the construction unit or project supervisor according to the contract. However, in order to ensure the quality of the project, the steel bars will not be purchased until the steel bars are brought into the site, sampled for testing, and produced. The entire process of processing, welding testing, classification and stacking, and delivery verification must be assigned to a dedicated person and records must be kept.

3. The vertical steel bars in this project are all connected by air pressure welding, and the beam and plate steel bars are connected by flash arc butt welding or lashing and lap joints. The steel protective layer beams and plates generally use 10 and 25 pads.

4. The steel bar project should be regarded as a concealed project. Therefore, after the completion of the sub-project, concealed acceptance must be carried out and concealed acceptance records must be made for subsequent inspection.

4.4 Formwork project

1. The formwork of this project is all made of wood formwork. The bottom formwork of the beams is made of 40-thick wood formwork. The columns are assembled with fixed wood formwork, and the formwork frame is used for support.

2. Formwork equipment: One set of column formwork, two sets of beam bottom formwork, one set of beam side formwork, and two sets of floor formwork to ensure construction progress.

3. Wooden joists and fastener-type steel pipe braces are used to support the formwork. The distance between the main columns at the bottom of the beam is not more than 1m. The spacing of the wall and column formwork tie bolts, the number of support channels, and the number of steel pipe load-bearing frames The vertical and horizontal spacing, etc. need to be calculated and determined to ensure the accuracy of the cross-section while speeding up the touch-up speed.

4. The structural formwork is organized and constructed according to the requirements of clear concrete. Complete formwork is used at the beam-column nodes and beam-slab nodes. At the same time, a 10-thick sponge liner is used at the node junction to ensure that the concrete The corners of the face are complete.

4.5 Scaffolding Project

1. Since the total height of the five unit projects is within 30 meters, the external scaffolding adopts comprehensive scaffolding, using φ48×3.5 steel pipes, which are erected to the top in one go. When the scaffolding is placed on the ground, the filling soil must be backfilled and compacted, and pads must be placed.

2. Erection dimensions: row spacing is 1.2m, step spacing is 1.8m, vertical pole spacing is 1.5m, vertical spacing between connecting rods is 3.6m, and horizontal spacing is 6.0m. According to the calculation, The height of the scaffolding can meet the strength requirements in the 30m range.

3. The external scaffolding will be one step ahead as the structure rises. The external scaffolding must be covered with scaffolding sheets, the guardrail shall be closed with scaffolding sheets, and the entire exterior facade shall be closed with dense mesh safety net.

4. The external scaffolding shall be erected in sections and inspected step by step. Only after passing the inspection can it be put into use.

5. Shelf dismantling: The outer frame is dismantled strictly in the order of erection first, then disassembly, then erection first, disassembly. The specific operations are as follows: clear the shelf debris, remove the safety net, dismantle the bamboo fence, and remove the shear brace

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Remove the scaffolding board, remove the horizontal rods, and remove the vertical rods. After the rack is removed, the rack tubes and fasteners are stacked neatly.

4.6 Construction of floor tiles (anti-slip floor tiles)

1. Material requirements:

According to the design requirements, the contractor will provide samples after review by the owner and design Only with consent can you purchase and use it. Anti-slip floor tiles must be dense, hard, and accurately sized. The surface of the other side is smooth, the color difference is consistent, the compressive and flexural strength meets the design requirements and relevant standards, and the factory quality certificate is attached.

The cement uses No. 325 ordinary Portland cement.

For yellow sand, medium sand (leveling layer) and fine sand (bonding layer) are used.

2. Machinery and equipment:

Mortar mixer, strong grinder, cutting machine, brick grinder, large and small flat knives, alloy steel chisel, aluminum alloy flat ruler, hardwood clapper , wooden hammer, seam opening knife, wooden scraper, etc.

3. Working conditions

After the wall and ceiling plastering, door and window frame installation, and water and electricity pipeline installation are completed, the base layer construction has been completed, and the control surface elevation and drainage will pop up. The horizontal baseline or mark of a slope.

Anti-slip floor tiles need to be soaked in water for 1 hour before use. After taking them out, they should be dried in the shade for a while. There should be no dripping water.

4. Operation process

Clean the soil, dust, slurry and ash on the base, rinse it with clean water, and first drain the surrounding area according to the controlled elevation and slope (direction of floor drain) Make ash cake on the base layer, and use dry mortar to make a groove every 1.5 meters (not necessary in bathrooms or small rooms). After finishing the reinforcement, evenly sprinkle water on the base layer to moisten it, and then apply plain cement slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.4-0.5. The area should not be too large at one time, and a leveling layer must be laid with the application (the anti-slip floor tiles and waterproof floors should be applied with a thickness of 2 Special adhesive) After mixing the cement mortar, pull the mortar spreader horizontally according to the height of the punching bar. After the leveling layer is completed and cured for 24 hours, stretch the thread on it. First, stretch the center cross line, and then stretch the grid lines according to the modulus of the anti-slip floor tiles. If the size does not fit the entire brick, you can cut half of the bricks and use them at the corners. , when the size difference is small, adjust the seam width within the allowable range. Before laying floor tiles, sprinkle some water on the leveling layer to moisten it (not suitable in winter) or brush it once with plain cement slurry, and then apply cement mortar for the bonding layer (5 thick 1:2 cement mortar). When laying tiles, start from the door and follow the line position and wall root. Lay several rows of vertical bricks horizontally, find the rules, and then lay the bricks row by row and column by column from the inside out. When laying bricks, pull a thin thread to make the joints straight. Pull the thread between the laid bricks to straighten the gaps. Sweep out the remaining mortar and compact the brick surface. If there are any bad bricks, adjust them in time.

Pointing and wiping joints should be carried out within 24 hours after laying bricks. Use pure water slurry to rub the joints, make them smooth and smooth, and the joint depth is 1/3 of the thickness of the bricks. ‘

After the brick paving is completed, sprinkle it with clean water for curing after 24 hours, or cover it with sawdust and sprinkle it with water for no less than 7 days.

The skirting boards should be of the same variety, specification, and color as the floor tiles, and the standing seams should be aligned with the floor seams. When laying, first lay a piece at each end of the inner corner of the room, with the same height and thickness as the wall. And use the upper edge of the bricks as a standard to lay the lines. After the paving is completed, clean the brick surface.

Protection of finished products: The storage area of ??non-slip floor tiles is subject to leakage, long-term water accumulation and sunlight. The bottom is padded with wooden square supports and should be handled with care during transportation.

After the surface layer is laid, the room should be closed. The surface layer that cannot be closed should be covered with straw bags, plastic woven bags, cardboard, etc. for protection. It is strictly prohibited to mix mortar or stack materials on the completed surface layer.

4.7 Masonry engineering:

1. Quality requirement objectives: The specific requirements for masonry quality must comply with the requirements of the construction operating procedures and acceptance specifications. The quality objectives are: horizontal and vertical, full mortar, proper assembly, and reliable jointing and rubbing.

2. The specific measures are as follows: Level the foundation before masonry. During masonry, strictly pull the wires according to the skin number rods, and lay each skin of bricks flat. Use a fishplate line hammer to check the verticality of the masonry surface. Mortar is the bonding material between masonry, and its fullness has a great influence on the strength of the masonry. The fullness of the mortar in this project shall not be less than 80%. The masonry construction adopts the method of spreading mortar and squeezing bricks while ensuring the workability of the mortar and the appropriate moisture content of the bricks. In addition, this project plans to adopt the assembly form and connection method specified in the specification.

3. Scaffolding for masonry construction: Based on the characteristics of the project, this project uses internal and external scaffolding, and the bricks on the external scaffolding should be stacked in accordance with the specifications. The scaffolding will be erected on each floor for masonry. There are only two steps to erect each floor. After the walls of one floor are built, all the scaffolding is turned over to the previous floor. Due to frequent assembly and disassembly, it is planned to adopt a lightweight and flexible model and size to facilitate assembly and disassembly.

4. Material transportation: Since the materials of the masonry project need to be transported to the construction surface of each layer, and the amount of materials is very large, the transportation of materials is a problem that must be solved. In this project, vertical transportation mainly uses tower cranes, and horizontal transportation uses trolleys. In order to ensure that there is no conflict or disconnect between material transportation and masonry construction, night shifts are arranged for all brick transportation, and mortar is mainly transported during the day.

5. The masonry work will be carried out around April to May, when the temperature gradually rises. At this time, the bricks must be watered and moistened overnight to ensure the quality of the masonry.

4.8 Plastering project:

1. Quality target: The plastering of this project should ensure that there are no cracks in the surface layer, and that the bonding between each plastering layer and between the plastering and the base layer is firm. No delamination or hollowing occurs. Aim for high-grade plastering.

2. Quality standards: The surface is smooth and clean, the color is uniform, the lines and angles are straight and square, and there are no scratches.

3. Material selection and quality requirements Cement: The variety and label must meet the design requirements and be properly stored. Cement can only be used after testing three months after leaving the factory. The damp and agglomerated cement is screened before use. Lime: lumpy quicklime is used after slaking, and the slaking time is not less than 15 days. Other materials should also comply with the specifications.

4. Preparation for plastering construction. Before plastering, find out the rules, level the horizontal lines, straighten the vertical lines, pop up the alignment and dado, skirting and board lines. For the exposed feet of the wall with lime mortar, use 1:3 cement mortar to create corner guards with a height of not less than 1.5m. When the base layer is concrete, apply a layer of plain cement slurry before plastering, and apply a layer of 107 glue:water=1:5 solution for the aerated concrete cushion.

5. Use cement mortar as a surface layer for the base layer. First, sweep or draw lines on the base gray surface. Pay attention to the surface layer and rub it. The surface should be calendered no less than twice. The surface should be covered the next day. Sprinkle water for maintenance.

6. When plastering the external foot of the wall, first straighten the ruler on one side of the corner with a hammer wire, and then mix mortar along the ruler on the other side of the corner. Room wall skirting. The baseboards generally protrude 3-5mm from the gray wall surface.

7. Before plastering the ceiling of the reinforced concrete floor slab, it should be moistened with clean water and brushed with plain cement; for rooms with gray lines, ceiling plastering should be done after the gray lines are plastered; the surface should be smooth and smooth. It should be calendered and compacted, and there should be no traces, bubbles, or uneven joints. The inner corners where the ceiling and the wall intersect should be in a straight line.

4.9 Paint project

1. Process flow

Cleaning and repairing the wall, scraping putty and applying paint

2. Operation process

Clean the wall: First clean the peeling and loose areas on the wall, and then sweep the wall clean.

Repair the wall: Use water plaster to level the bumps, potholes and gaps on the wall. After drying, use sandpaper to grind off the convex places and sweep away the floating dust.

Scraping putty: The number of times of scraping putty can be determined by the smoothness of the wall. Generally, it is three times. Special wall scraping putty powder can be used. For the first time, use a scraper to scrape the entire wall horizontally, and use a scraper to scrape the wall tightly. Then use a scraper, and the joints must not be rubbed. The end of each scraper must be clean and neat. After drying, polish the putty and stains with sandpaper, and then clean the wall. For the second time, use a scraper to scrape the whole area vertically. The materials and methods used are the same as the first putty. After drying, sandpaper is smoothed and cleaned. For the third time, use a scraper to find the putty or scrape it completely, smooth the wall surface, and polish it with fine sandpaper after drying. Do not wear the putty through.

Brushing (spraying) paint: The order of painting is first the roof and then the wall. The wall is first up and then down. The paint is generally brushed (sprayed) three times. After the first and second brushing (spraying) is completed, polish and clean with fine sandpaper after drying. When applying the third coat, start from one end and gradually brush to the other end. The brushes should be connected up and down, and the next row should be followed immediately by the previous row to avoid ending after drying.

Exterior wall coating construction

1. Material requirements: The exterior wall coating used should be provided by the contractor with samples and submitted to the owner or supervisor for review and approval before use. The coating should have a factory certificate. , Product manual, its type, color, performance and technical indicators should meet the design and owner requirements.

2. Main equipment: spray gun, spray bucket, small air compressor, etc.

3. Working conditions: The base plastering has passed the comprehensive inspection and acceptance, the moisture content is less than 10%, and the PH value is less than 9.5.

Prepare painting samples in advance, and inspect and appraise them by the construction unit and design unit. Only after meeting the design and specification requirements can the full-scale coating construction begin.

4. Process flow: The principle is to go up first and then down, clean the base layer - apply waterproof coating - fill the gaps, scrape putty locally - smooth - spray paint - remove obstructions and clean Splatter paint.

5. Specific construction:

A. The outer scaffolding must be repaired first, and all remaining materials on the scaffolding board must be cleaned up.

B. Clean the dust and dirt on the base surface of the exterior wall. Use cement mortar to repair the missing edges and corners. Fill the surface pits and gaps with putty mixed with polyvinyl acetate emulsion 1 cement 5 water 1. Make it flat, and use putty with the same mix ratio to partially smooth it, and then smooth it with sandpaper after drying.

C. Grid joints: According to the design and the owner's requirements, hang vertically, set squares, find rules, and populate the grid joints. This work must be strictly controlled according to the elevation, and a circle must be ensured around the building. Exterior wall coatings must also be considered. When the project is carried out in sections, the dividing lines and construction joints should be divided into lattice joints, inner corners of walls or downspouts. Vertical lattice joints must be hung straight and cannot be measured with a ruler. The seams must be straight, smooth, and consistent in thickness.

D. Painting: Painting construction should be based on the type, viscosity, consistency, maximum particle size, etc. of the paint used, and determine the type of spraying equipment, nozzle diameter, spraying pressure, distance from the base, etc. When the spray gun is running, the center line of the nozzle must be perpendicular to the wall, the running speed of the spray gun should be consistent, the joints of the coating should be left at the grating joints, and doors, windows and areas not to be sprayed with paint should be carefully blocked.

E. Multi-layer coating: This is a coating composed of a base coating, a main coating, and a top coating. The base coating can be applied by spraying, rolling, or brushing. The main coating can be applied by spraying, rolling, or brushing. Spray with a spray bucket. The size and density of the spray spots are determined as needed. If the spots need to be flattened, a plastic or rubber roller dipped in gasoline or xylene should be used to flatten the spots after spraying. After this coating is dry, the top coat can be applied. The top coat is usually applied twice, with an interval of about 2 hours.

F. Trimming: Paint trimming is very important. There are two main forms of trimming. One is trimming along with the construction. It runs before and after the shift and every time a frame or step is completed. The other is that after the entire branch or sub-project is completed, a comprehensive inspection should be organized. If any defects such as "missing paint", "showing through the bottom", "rolling down", etc. are found, they should be repaired and dealt with immediately.

G. Finished product protection

Before proceeding with the operation, cover and protect the doors, windows and other related parts that will not be sprayed. After spraying, always use wooden boards or small square logs to protect the mouth, corners, etc. to prevent damage caused by collisions. When dismantling the external scaffolding, handle it with care and be careful not to collide with the wall that has been sprayed. The painted wall must be properly protected, and no bumping or graffiti on the wall may be allowed to cause pollution. In case of windy and rainy weather, work should be stopped and the finished products should be protected.

4.10 Roofing project

Engineering methods: a. Cast-in-place floor b. 1:1:8 cement marl and cinder slope finding (30mm thick at the thinnest part) c. 20mm thick 1:3 cement mortar levelingd, 1.5 thick SBS waterproof membrane e, 20mm extruded insulation layer; f, 40mmC30 thick concrete, equipped with Фb4@200 steel mesh

1. Material requirements

3-thick SBS waterproofing membrane and hydrophobic expanded perlite insulation block shall be provided by the contractor and submitted to the owner or supervisor for review. Only after approval can they be used. The incoming materials must have factory certificates, performance and operating technical specifications. Only after passing the sampling inspection by the quality inspection department can it be used in roofing projects.

2. Working conditions

A. The cast-in-situ concrete roof must be cleaned and the uneven areas must be chiseled and smoothed.

B. Painting along the ditch, air outlet, parapet, flashing, upper and lower water pipe openings, etc. is completed.

C. According to the requirements of the construction drawing, the slope finding at the launch site is completed.

3. Operation process

A1. When transported from the manufacturer to the site, the extruded thermal insulation panels should be placed indoors to prevent them from being soaked by rain. They should be handled with care during transportation. To prevent the plate from breaking.

A.2 Before placing, discharge the air pipe and vertical air outlet pipe as shown in the figure. Control the height above the roof and seal the opening with paper to prevent debris from falling in and blocking the air outlet pipe.

A.4 The extruded thermal insulation panels should be arranged neatly, with even gaps and smooth heights.

Construction of SBS roof waterproofing membrane:

1. Construction characteristics

This project uses polymer-modified asphalt waterproofing membrane as the waterproof layer. Cold paste. Self-adhesive and hot-melt adhesive methods are used to pave membranes, which have the characteristics of reliable waterproof performance, long service life, convenient construction, high labor efficiency, less environmental pollution, and beneficial to the health of operators.

2. Construction preparation

(1) Technical preparation Before construction, a technical explanation should be made according to the construction plan, and the construction site, construction method, detailed structure, technical requirements, and safety measures should be explained in detail , quality requirements and inspection methods, etc.

(2) Material preparation: The person in charge of the waterproofing project should calculate the total amount of various materials based on the design requirements and area, transport them to the construction site, and allow use only after passing random inspections. Sufficient construction machinery and tools should be prepared on site and kept in good condition.

(3) Structural base layer Before the construction of the waterproof layer, the base layer must be clean and dry, and there must be no sand or peeling on the surface. All corners should be made into arcs with R=50mm, and slightly lower pits should be made around the water outlet.