Zhu Xi's motto of managing the family and its interpretation

Get up at dawn, sweep the courtyard, and be neat inside and outside. When you are unconscious, you will rest. If you close the door, you will behave well. It is not easy to think about a porridge and a meal. It is difficult to keep thinking about material resources. It is better to prepare for a rainy day than to dig a well when you are thirsty. Self-help must be frugal, and banquet guests must not stay overnight. The utensils are clean, wabi jinyu. Eat well, garden vegetables are better than delicacies (xiū). Don't run fancy houses, don't seek fertile land.

Three aunts and six wives are the media of prostitution and theft. Beautiful girls and concubines are not the blessings of the boudoir. Servants should not be handsome, and wives should not wear heavy makeup. Although the ancestors are far away, the sacrifice must be sincere. Although children and grandchildren are stupid, they must read classics. The life cycle is simple, and the godson should have an upright side. Don't covet unexpected wealth and drink too much.

Don't take advantage of trade with your shoulders. When you meet poor neighbors, you must be more considerate. Being stingy and getting married won't last long. Lun Chang is a good girl (Chu m: n), and he will die soon. Brothers and uncles, you must be more generous. Young and old, inside and outside, should be strict with the law. Listen to the woman, dear flesh and blood, is it a husband? If you value wealth and ignore your parents, you can't be the son of human beings. Marry a wife and choose a husband, not seeking re-employment. Marry a wife and ask for a lady, regardless of thickness (Li? n).

Seeing wealth is not shameful, the most shameful. Being arrogant when you are poor is nothing more than meanness. Avoid litigation at home, which will eventually be fierce. Don't talk too much in life, you will suffer. Do not bully widows by force or kill birds by greed. If you are partial, you will regret many mistakes. Laziness and self-indulgence are hard. Hey (xi? If you are naughty, you will get bored for a long time. Qu Zhi is old, but if you are in a hurry, you can rely on each other. Listen to the speech lightly, realize the unreasonable accusation, be patient and think twice before you act. If you argue about something, you must calm down and think about it.

Don't forget to give help, but don't forget to accept it. Leave room for everything and be proud of it. People are happy, not jealous. People should not be happy when they are in trouble. You want to be seen by others, which is not true. Fear of being known is a great sin. Seeing the color, I reported it to my wife and daughter. Hide resentment with arrows in the back, delaying future generations.

The family is happy, although it is not y ng s ū n behind, but it is still happy. The national class has long been finished, that is, the schoolbag (painted? ) I am complacent without rest. Reading is aimed at sages, serving officials and serving the country. Keep quiet and listen to the weather forecast. If you do this, you will be very close.

Explanation:

(Original): Get up at dawn, sweep the courtyard, and be neat inside and outside; When you are unconscious, you will rest. If you close the door, you will behave well.

(Note): Except courtyard: courtyard. It has meaning both inside and outside the court.

Get up at dawn every morning, sprinkle water on the ground inside and outside the court before sweeping the floor to make it clean and tidy; At dusk, you should have a rest and check for yourself whether the door is locked.

Interpret a sentence and write it? Diligence? Write in one sentence? Sincerely? . When you get up in the morning, you should clean the courtyard and steps and keep them clean inside and out. What is this? Hard work? Good habits are also good habits that love cleanliness. The ancients said:? If you don't sweep a house, why bother sweeping the world from small things around you? Do it at sunrise, smell the chicken dance and eat one? Diligence? The word is. After sunset, you have to check the door yourself so that you can do things? Cautious? . From the ceremony, Confucianism has a high demand for diligence and housekeeping. (

(Original): It is not easy to think about a porridge and a meal; It is difficult to keep thinking about material resources.

For a porridge and a meal, it is hard to think of it; For half-silk or half-thread clothes, we should always remember that it is very difficult to produce these materials.

Interpretation: This is to warn children to be content and realize that food, clothing, housing and transportation are hard-won. ? Who knows that every grain of Chinese food is hard? ? At that time, there was famine in Kunshan area for years, either drought or flood, and there was a locust plague one year. These two sentences are the embodiment of Mr. Bailu's concern for the people, and they are often quoted on the plaque in the canteen today.

(Original): It is advisable to take precautions, and don't dig wells when you are thirsty.

(Note): Take precautions (ch? Hmm? U): You should fix the doors and windows of the house before it rains.

Everything should be prepared first, like mending the house before it rains, instead of "cramming for the Buddha's feet", like digging a well when you are thirsty.

Interpretation: this sentence means that the doors and windows of the house should be repaired before it rains; Don't dig a well if you want to drink water when you are thirsty. For example, take preventive measures and prepare in advance. As the saying goes:? If a person doesn't think about distant things, he will find sadness close at hand. ? Are these two sentences telling children not to do things? Anxious to give lessons to Buddha's feet? You must be fully prepared before you do anything. This is worth learning from when we do things today.

Self-help must be frugal, and banquet guests must not stay.

Be frugal in your life, and don't dawdle when you get together for dinner.

Interpretation: This sentence means that individuals must be frugal in food, clothing, housing and transportation, not over-entertaining guests, eating and drinking moderately, and time cannot be endless. Zhu Bailu had no children, and his stepbrother's son was adopted and named Daocheng. He has been teaching Daocheng not to specialize in those profligate playboys. Zhu Bailu once said: To be thrifty, we should be calm and restrained, do what we can, and scrimp and save. He wrote a godson poem:? Si Er is six years old and has five children and three. Don't be greedy for fat. Innocent family style is shameless, poetry and calligraphy are important. No wine for three meals and no salt for one leek. It is said that someone starved to death, so it is not official honesty. ?

(Original): The utensils are clean and tidy, and tiles are better than gold; The more exquisite the diet, the more delicious the vegetables in the garden.

(Note): tile (fǒu): ware made of tile. Rare (xiū): Rare and exquisite food.

The tableware is simple and clean. Although it is pottery made of clay, it is better than jade. The food is both economical and exquisite. Although it is a vegetable grown in the garden, it is better than delicacies.

Interpretation: This means that the appliances commonly used at home are not gorgeous, but they are solid in texture and often washed clean. In this case, even crocodiles will have more than gold and jade. There is no need to be greedy for home cooking. As long as there is enough food and proper cooking, even the vegetables grown in the garden are better than the delicacies. These two sentences further emphasize economy.

(Original): Don't run fancy houses, don't seek fertile land.

Don't build gorgeous houses, and don't try to buy good countryside.

Interpretation: This sentence still has great significance for today's urbanites. Modern urbanites always feel tired. This kind of fatigue is not added to you by others, but by yourself. Material growth is never as fast as greed. If you have a house and a car, and a small house and a big house, endless desires will bring you pressure. As early as the Ming Dynasty, Mr. Zhu told you: Don't build a mansion and don't ask for fertile land. The following sentence is a hint: so you will live a simple and happy life.

(Original): Three aunts and six grandmothers are the media of prostitution and theft; Beautiful girls and concubines are not the blessings of the boudoir.

Unscrupulous women in society are the media of prostitution and theft; Beautiful handmaids and charming concubines are not family happiness.

Interpretation: This is not gossip, but refers to some gossipy women, Rainbow Shiva in Water Margin. Boys and girls should not be handsome, and wives and concubines should not be brightly dressed.

Don't be handsome for a boy servant, and don't wear bright clothes for wives.

Babies and slaves should not hire handsome and beautiful people, and wives and concubines should not have gorgeous decorations.

Interpretation: This article tells the traditional China people's thought: Don't show off anything, keep a low profile and be practical.

(Original): Although the ancestors are far away, the sacrifice must be sincere; Although children and grandchildren are stupid, they must read classics.

Although our ancestors left us for a long time, we should offer sacrifices devoutly; Although children and grandchildren are stupid, they should also read the Five Classics and Four Books.

Interpretation: The world is a civilization, and only our Chinese civilization has lasted for thousands of years without interruption. There are many reasons, one of which is the worship of ancestors China people don't have gods in their hearts, but they have ancestors. The worship of ancestors is the recognition of blood and the cohesion of the nation. Maybe in your eyes, you think your children and grandchildren are stupid, but as an elder, you can't help asking them to read Confucian classics carefully. This is the basic principle of being a man and the basic requirement of educating people. The so-called knowledge is reasonable. Even now your children are not born with enough conditions, but you still have to let them receive a good education.

Life should be frugal and children should be educated to be upright.

(Note): Righteousness: the right way to be a man.

I scrimp and save, and educate my children and grandchildren in the right way.

Interpretation:? Is the residence period simple? Different from? Self-help must be frugal? Meaning? Holding the body? In general, that is, your every move, you can't cheat, but be honest with others from the heart. Have a good attitude, behave in every word and deed, be diligent and honest. To educate children, we must have morality and righteousness, and we must pay attention to correct and scientific educational methods, that is, we must have? Fang Yi? . Today is about moral education.

Don't covet unexpected wealth and don't drink too much.

Don't be greedy for money that doesn't belong to you, and don't drink too much.

Interpretation: These two sentences explain the attitude towards desire and pleasure. If it is not contained, people's pursuit of desire and pleasure is endless.

(Original): Do not take advantage of the trade with Shoujian; When you see poor neighbors, you must be warm-hearted.

Don't take advantage of shoplifters who do small business. When you see poor relatives or neighbors, you should care about them and give them money or other assistance.

Interpretation: Small business hawkers, shouldering trade, braving the cold and heat, are very hard, with little capital and little profit, just enough to make ends meet. How can you stand taking advantage of him again? So be fair to others and don't take advantage of small things. When you see the poor villagers' neighborhood, you should show more care and love, try your best to help the poor, have a heart of sympathy for the disadvantaged groups, and have a trip of helping others and caring and dedication. Die immediately.

(original): mean marriage will not last long; Lun Chang is a good boy and will die soon.

(Note): strange ancient (chu ǐ n): violation.

(Bai Wen): Those who get rich by being mean to others will never enjoy this happiness for long. Those who violate morality will soon be eliminated.

Interpretation: written in the first half of the sentence? Modesty? Write a half sentence? Common sense? . Treat people, talk to people, be ruthless and too mean, and will not live a happy and beautiful life; Violation of various norms of getting along with others, such as the relationship between father and son, should be corrected immediately. Remember home and everything, there is no need to talk all day. Cherish our little world, always full of peace. Love each other and respect each other, and the family will be warm. Modesty is respected by everyone, and comity is welcomed by everyone.

(Original): Brothers and uncles need to be more generous; Young and old, both inside and outside, should be strict with themselves.

Brothers and uncles should help each other, and the rich should help the poor; A family should have strict rules, and the words of the elders should be solemn to the younger generation.

Interpretation: For brothers and uncles, to appease the poor and widowed, the family law should be strict. (Original): Listen to a woman, is a good flesh and blood a husband? Cherish wealth, cherish parents and be an adult.

(Original): Listen to a woman, is a good flesh and blood a husband? If you value wealth and ignore your parents, you can't be the son of human beings.

Listening to a woman's provocation hurts the feelings of flesh and blood. What is it worth to be a man? It is not reasonable for a son to value money and treat his parents badly.

Interpretation: Listening to a woman and doting on her flesh and blood is not what a gentleman does. As parents, we must have backbone, listen to what we should listen to, and don't listen to what we shouldn't. There is an old saying in China:? Zhu Dexiao first? . Filial piety is the first of all virtues. If a person does not know how to honor his parents, it is hard to imagine that he will love his motherland and people. The ancients said:? I am old, and people are old; Young, young, young people? . We should not only honor our parents, but also respect other old people and care for young children, so as to create an honest folk custom of respecting the old and loving the young in the whole society.

(Original): Marry a woman and choose a good husband, and don't ask for re-employment; It's not too thick to marry a daughter-in-law and beg a lady.

(Note): Thick (Li? N): A generous dowry.

If you want to marry your daughter, choose a good husband for her and don't want expensive dowry; Marrying a daughter-in-law must require a virtuous woman, not a generous dowry.

Interpretation: To marry a daughter, you should choose a son-in-law with good quality, not an expensive dowry. Marry a daughter-in-law from a lady, don't care about the heavy dowry. These two sentences are to let future generations value virtue rather than wealth when they get married.

It is the most shameful to flatter at the sight of wealth, and it is the most shameful to be arrogant when encountering poverty.

It's the most shameful to be ingratiating with the rich, but it's the most despicable to be arrogant when meeting the poor.

Interpretation: I wrote two different attitudes and manners that people with different social status and levels should never have. I am poor, and when I see rich and powerful people, I show a servile attitude. This kind of person who please others is the most shameful; If a rich man meets a poor man, he will show an arrogant expression. This kind of person has the lowest personality.

(Original): If there is no lawsuit at home, the lawsuit will be fierce; Don't talk too much in life, you will suffer.

Living at home, no lawsuits. Once a lawsuit is fought, no matter whether you win or lose, the result is unlucky. Don't talk too much in life, you will suffer.

(Comment): Litigation always costs money and time, and even damages property. Even if you win, it's not worth the loss. If there is any contradiction, mediation or reconciliation should be adopted as far as possible.

[Interpretation: Family members must not cause lawsuits because of quarreling with each other, because it will not benefit the family in the end; Don't talk too much when dealing with people, lest you talk too much, you will inevitably lose sight of one thing, or neglect consideration, lose your sense of proportion, offend others and get yourself into trouble.

(Original): Don't bully widows, don't kill birds.

Don't bully and oppress orphans and widows by force, and don't slaughter animals such as cattle, sheep, chickens and ducks at will for greed.

Interpretation: In interpersonal communication, one should not bully others, especially orphans and widows. The last sentence is that you can't kill endlessly because of greed. In today's words, it is to protect the natural ecology and not artificially destroy the ecological balance.

(original): eccentric, you will regret many mistakes; Laziness and self-indulgence are hard.

People who are eccentric and self-righteous will inevitably regret often doing wrong things; Decadent and lazy, addicted to ignorance, it is difficult to get married.

Interpretation: perverse people are often smart people. Some people are arrogant, competitive and self-righteous. Such a person has come? Manage the family? It must be daunting, and you made many mistakes that you will regret in the future. The other kind of people are greedy for comfort, passive and decadent, and it is difficult to cure the family. Diligence leads to success, laziness leads to failure, and everything is the same.

(Original): If you are naughty, you will be tired for a long time; Qu Zhi is old, but if you are in a hurry, you can rely on each other.

(Note): xi? n？ ): It's too close.

(Translation): A teenager who is not close will suffer for a long time; Respectfully and modestly associate with people who are experienced and good at doing things, and you can get his guidance or help when you encounter difficulties.

Interpretation: Unfamiliar teenagers will be implicated after a long time. In an emergency, you can rely on an experienced and virtuous person to guide or help you. It is a fact that those who are near ink are black and those who are near ink are black. Be patient and think twice before you act; (Original): Listen to the speech lightly, and know the inhuman accusation? Be patient and think twice before you act; Fight for things,

(Original): Listen to the speech lightly, and know the inhuman accusation? Be patient and think twice before you act; I don't know if I argue about what is my fault. You need to think calmly.

(Remarks): Jing (z? N) sue: libel.

Don't believe other people's gossip, think twice before you act. Because how do we know he's not here to speak ill of people? If you argue about something, you should reflect on yourself calmly, because how do you know it's not my fault?

Interpretation: These two maxims, one is obedient and the other is doing things. One must not be impatient, credulous or impulsive, but should calmly analyze, think deeply and think twice before acting. These two sentences are full of dialectical thoughts.

You don't want to give benefits, but you don't forget to be grateful.

Don't take your kindness to others to heart, but always take your kindness to others to heart.

(Comment): Always remember the goodness of others, and look at the people and environment around you with gratitude, then this world is heaven. Watching people around you ungrateful, then this world is hell.

Interpretation: This sentence is about doing good to others, such as helping others financially. This is a virtue and a good thing. Don't always remember it. Otherwise, it looks stingy and heartbroken. On the contrary, you should remember that you got help from others. ? Accept a drop of water when necessary, and I will repay your kindness with spring water. ? Even if you can't repay, remember the kindness of others. This is to talk about the correct attitude of giving profits and benefiting others and themselves.

Everything should be reserved, and complacency is not desirable.

No matter what you do, you should leave room; If you are satisfied, you should be satisfied, and you should not go any further.

Interpretation: This sentence says that if you don't leave room for money, you will be poor, and if you don't leave room for hard work, you will get sick. Therefore, a really smart person must leave room for things. When you are young, you should leave room for your old age, and grandparents and parents should also leave room for their children. Today, is it considering? Sustainable development? . When fortune, career and other aspects are booming, we should pay attention to moderation and don't pull the canopy too far. Stop when you're ready? Don't be greedy, or things will go the other way.

People are happy and should not be jealous; People should not be happy when they are in trouble.

(Translation): Others have something to celebrate, so you shouldn't be jealous; Don't gloat when others are in trouble.

Interpretation: Others have auspicious things to congratulate, don't be jealous; Don't gloat when others are in trouble or disaster.

(Original): It is not really good to be seen by others; Fear of being known is a great sin.

It is not really a good person to do a good deed and want others to see it. If you do something bad and you are afraid that others will know, then you are really wicked.

Interpretation: This puts forward two standards to measure good and evil, one is not true good, and the other is great evil, which is very insightful. A person who really does good does not need to publicize himself. And the evil dare not speak, there are only two situations, one is that it has become a great evil, and the other is that it will gradually become an incurable great evil. Buddhists say that good and evil come from the heart. The measure of a person's integrity is not what he does in front of others, but what he does when he is alone.

(Original): Seeing the color, I started to lust and reported it to my wife and daughter; Hide resentment with arrows in the back, delaying future generations.

(Note): Hidden (n? ) resentment: hold a grudge against people, but don't show it on the surface.

(Translation): Those who have evil intentions when they see beautiful women will be rewarded in the future, and they will be on their wives and children; Those who secretly hurt others with resentment will leave a curse on their children and grandchildren.

Interpretation: Seeing beauty and lust, retribution must be on the wife and daughter. Hiding resentment and stabbing in the back will spread the disaster to future generations. (Original): Family harmony, although not continued, has a surplus; The Chinese class is over in the morning, that is, the package is finished.

(Original): Family harmony, although not continued, has a surplus; I finished my Chinese class early, but I had nothing in my bag. I was complacent.

(Note): Li (y ū y ū ng) Li (sūn): Li, breakfast. Dinner. National curriculum: national taxation. Capsule (n? Ng) (tu？ ): pocket.

My family is harmonious and safe, even if I lack clothes and food, I feel happy. Pay taxes as soon as possible, and enjoy it even if there is nothing left in your pocket.

Interpretation: family wealth is rich, and family relationships are often relaxed and smooth; The family is poor and the family relationship is often tense. Zhu Bailu, on the other hand, put forward the method of treating poverty harmoniously: as long as a family lives in harmony and enjoys happiness, even if the last meal is not finished, there will be family happiness. As the saying goes:? Everything goes well at home. ? Peace at home, suffering is nothing at all. ? Chinese class? Refers to the tax that people should pay to the state. Pay the country's money and grain as soon as possible, without rent or ideological burden, even if there is no money left in the pocket, you can enjoy it to the fullest. The essence of this sentence is to tell us that everyone should contribute to the establishment of a happy family that always considers the country; At the same time, we must not forget our country, which comes first, and we must have a sense of drive and happiness to serve the country.

(Original): Reading aims at sages, not disciples; Is it worth your ruin to be an official and protect the country?

Reading sage books aims at learning the behavior of sages, not just for imperial examinations and; An official should have the idea of loyalty to the monarch and patriotism. How can you consider the enjoyment of yourself and your family?

Interpretation: This means that the purpose of a person's study is to make himself a noble person with a heart of sages. The ancients emphasized one? Saint? , should be finished? Cultivate one's morality, keep the family in order, govern the country and level the world. ? In today's words, an official must think of the people and the country. This is the highest state of being a man, being a saint and saving the country proposed by Mr. Zhu Bailu.

(Original): Abide by one's life and leave it to fate.

We do our duty, work hard and live. God has his own arrangements.

Interpretation: keep the duty of being a man, be content with fate, obey the season and obey God's will. If so, it can be said to be perfect. Zhu Xi's whole family instruction is full of simple and indifferent outlook on life. Read Zhu's family instructions carefully and follow Zhu's instructions. You may not get wealth, but you can get inner peace and a peaceful life.

(Original): In this way, you are close.

If we can do this, it is almost in line with the truth of sages.