Urgent. geography homework

Introduction

People and the environment have an inseparable relationship. No matter in the past, present or future, human beings are always constantly transforming the environment and creating environmental spaces that are not only usable but also beautiful. What a city means is not just the accumulation of man-made structures such as buildings, streets, and shops, but also the social, cultural, economic, political, and colorful lives of urban residents accompanied by many functional facilities and hard landscapes. From the external visual image, a city is made up of its plane structure, skyline, various buildings, street facilities, regional landmarks, open spaces, planting gardens, and erratic means of transportation. However, these are all urban people. The material form formed by choice and chosen behavior contains profound natural laws, social psychology, humanistic emotions and historical vicissitudes.

Lewis Mumford, a famous scholar of urbanism and architecture in the 20th century, pointed out in his representative work "History of Urban Development": "If the life realized by the city is not a compliment to itself, Then all the sacrifices made for the development of the city will be worthless. Neither expanded power nor limited material wealth can compensate for the loss of beauty, joy and family affection for even one day. " "When we stroll through. This phenomenon can be found in cities where the surrounding buildings seem to be able to speak and act, just like the people who live in them; and through the physical structure of the city, past events, actions made long ago Decisions, long-formed values, etc., continue to survive and exude influence.”

It is precisely to fully understand the role of urban environment and people in the process of constructing urban environment, as urban ecology. As learners, we conducted an internship in the northwest suburbs of Beijing on April 5, 2003.

1. Overview of the internship

We set off from the second floor of Shaw University of Peking University at 8:00 in the morning and passed by Guanghua Building, Library, Yannan Garden, Li Dazhao Bronze Statue, and Cai Yuanpei Bronze Statue , arrived at the south bank of Weiming Lake, saw the blue-tailed stone fish, went out of the west gate of Peking University, passed through Weixiu Garden, Chengze Garden, Haidian Park, Liulangzhuang, and the Beijing urban green isolation belt, arrived at the South Ruyi Gate of the Summer Palace, and watched the Beijing Mi Diversion Canal, then enter the Summer Palace from the South Ruyi Gate of the Summer Palace, arrive at the south bank of Kunming Lake, along the West Embankment to Wanshou Mountain and the East Palace Gate, ending the internship. Along the way, we conducted certain surveys on natural and cultural landscapes such as greening and architecture, obtained certain information, and also drew some of our own thoughts and conclusions.

2. Internship content and analysis

1. About a controversial road

When you walk into the east gate of Peking University, you can see a wide and straight road. Main road. As one of the few wide and straight roads in Peking University, it is a controversial road. The neat and well-maintained lawns on the roadside announce the modern and internationalized Peking University. This road is surrounded by the relatively modern buildings of Peking University - Science Building 1, Building 2, Shaw 1st Floor, Shaw 2nd Floor, Shaw Court, Science Teaching Building, etc. At the end of this road is a group of antique-style buildings full of traditional charm.

Many people believe that the width and straightness of the road are not in harmony with the antique-style roofs of the surrounding buildings. In addition to the neat artificial lawn, there are small trees planted so neatly on both sides of the road, and at the end of the road are tall and shady trees that have been growing for many years, making the feeling of disharmony even stronger.

This probably involves the so-called "visual adaptability". In many cases, we rarely consider the specific environment and simply apply a variety of models that look good and advanced, while ignoring the special requirements of specific environments for buildings and other man-made facilities.

Maybe this is also a problem in planning. Just like the new buildings and old buildings that can be seen everywhere on the Peking University campus, it may not be a perfect choice.

2. The paradise on campus - Yannan Garden

Yannan Garden is the smaller of the many gardens in Peking University’s Yanyuan Garden. There are only a dozen exquisite buildings scattered in the garden. Yajie's two-story building and bungalow courtyard are a residential area for Peking University professors.

People often say, "Not all famous professors from Peking University live in Yannanyuan, but all famous professors live in Yannanyuan." In the 1950s alone, Ma Yinchu, Tang Yongtong, Zhou Peiyuan, Feng Youlan, Zhu Guangqian, Chen Daisun, Hou Renzhi, Lin Gengzhu lived in Yannan Garden. Later, Mr. Wang Li, Wei Jiangong and others moved in. Ms. Bing Xin also lived here when she was teaching at Yenching University. This is enough to reflect its profound connotation and cultural accumulation.

The independent residential model in Yannan Garden is the ideal environment for the academic research of old professors. As an old professor pointed out in an interview, even though it is slightly old, he would not think of changing the old-fashioned layout of the house. One reason is that although many books have been donated to the library, the collection of books at home has also caused Decoration inconvenience. But the more crucial point is that the layout of the old house is an environment where people can settle down to study and study. Years of accumulation have made this small garden full of scholarly atmosphere...

So, besides the scholarly atmosphere, what does it mean to the people who have lived here for a long time?

The people interviewed during the internship were mainly elderly people over 60 years old, who have lived here for more than 35 years. They generally believe that Yannanyuan has a good living environment. First of all, it is located on a platform and the terrain is higher than the surrounding areas. This is a good geographical environment. The various plants among them provide a harmonious ecological environment for the garden. As a distinctive residential garden, Yannan Garden attracts visitors from all walks of life. Teachers and students from the School of Architecture of Tsinghua University once sketched here to study its architectural features.

However, Yannan Garden also has its shortcomings. The interviewees generally pointed out the following points:

Firstly, the crowds coming for sightseeing broke the original tranquility and cleanliness, and the passing cars raised dust and made noise, which brought negative effects to the environment of the park. caused a great deal of damage.

The second is the problem of public toilets. The land occupied by public toilets was children's playground in the past. However, due to neglect of management, the construction of public toilets not only eliminated children's play, but also had a great impact on the environment. In fact, in Yannan Garden, each independent house has its own sanitary facilities, and the establishment of public toilets only provides convenience for small traders outside the garden. As one of the few outdoor public toilets on the Peking University campus, its establishment naturally makes sense. However, it is located in Yannan Garden, which is rich in cultural heritage and profound connotations. It is located in Yannan Garden, where old professors studied and studied. Perhaps Not very reasonable.

The third is the contradiction between office and residence. As one interviewee pointed out, some of the residences in Yannan Garden have been assigned to certain administrative agencies by the school. The offices of administrative agencies have further broken the tranquility of the garden and cannot but arouse deep thought.

The charm of Yannan Garden represents part of the charm of Peking University, which is the academic style and pleasant temperament. Its integrity is an integral part of Peking University. Perhaps, its tranquility should not be broken and spied on...

3. The changes of the apple orchard - Jingyuan Lawn

The famous Jingyuan Lawn used to be an apple orchard, as a lawn , which replaced the former East Lawn. The former East Lawn was where the new library is now. It was once a romantic lawn that was very popular among students. A Peking University student wrote: "The East Lawn is the land east of the old library of Peking University. This was once the stage where Gao Xiaosong and his gang brought broken guitars to Peking University to fool the little girls, and it was even more so. It is a good place for us Peking University people to study and relax. Many couples from Peking University met, met and fell in love on the East Lawn. They have a deeper affection for this grassland... Li Ka-shing said: It is a pity that this land is empty. Spend some money and build another half of the library. A year later, there will no longer be a person with a newspaper or a book here. A building more solemn and solemn than the Supreme People's Court has drowned out many stories that should have happened. " (Source: campus.chinaren.com)

After strong requests from students, the original apple orchard was turned into a lawn. The romance of the lawn was restored, but the rare orchard on campus was lost forever. It's always a bit of a pity.

Compatibility may be really difficult.

Over the years, in order to accommodate more and more students and to integrate with international standards, many original natural and man-made unique scenery have to give way to new buildings. This has aroused the sentiments of countless old Peking University residents. Development is always necessary. The key is how to develop and how to make the most of every inch of land in suitable places while leaving our pride in other places. If one day Weiming Lake begins to shrink, or new buildings are built around Weiming Lake, that will be our real sorrow.

The "One Tower Lake Picture" is not all of Peking University. The spirit of Peking University is very broad. The pride of Peking University lies in the culture it creates, the harmonious unity of science and nature...

4. Unique ingenuity - the path leading to Weiming Lake

The northern part of the Peking University campus can be said to be full of ancient charm, like a traditional Chinese garden, which gives people thoughts and ideas in the beautiful romance. The weight of history. "The life at Peking University is closer to that of traditional literati and doctors." said a Tsinghua student who always likes to linger by Weiming Lake. This scholarly atmosphere can also be seen in the paths leading to Weiming Lake. Its shade and tranquility constitute the unique scenery of Peking University.

A variety of plants grow along the quiet paths. What stands out is the stone beneath the cedar, which is refreshing in its unique use. The waxy substance in the lower part of the pine needles is acidic. When it falls into the soil, it will be affected by acidification and the soil quality will deteriorate, so that when the wind blows, dust will fly. The stones can prevent dust, thus ensuring the freshness and cleanliness of the road and air here.

The large eaves of traditional buildings along the road provide a good living environment for sparrows and other birds, and the sound of birdsong is endless. Here, man and nature are truly integrated, which is a rare scenery.

Xinhuanet had the following report on October 6, 2002: (Source: www.sohu.com)

“Walking into the campus of Peking University, on the branches, on the grass, teaching Beside the building, in front of the library, by the Weiming Lake, on the top of Boya Tower... you can see flocks of magpies and other birds everywhere, creating a scene where "birds are heard everywhere on campus"

" Zhang Liming, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Peking University Party Committee who graduated from the Chinese Department of Peking University 19 years ago, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency reporters that he saw magpies on campus when he was in college, but the number was not as large as now. It was initially estimated that there were several dozen magpies. Thousands. Now, not only can you see magpies on campus, you can also see squirrels, hedgehogs and other wild animals. White swans have also flown over Weiming Lake. During the speech, reporters occasionally saw magpies flying by the window of his office.

"Now, the Peking University campus has become a paradise for various birds and animals. The campus is full of dignified and dark green junipers, vigorous and simple pitch pine, gorgeous and elegant white pine, golden and rich According to a survey by the Gardening Department of Peking University, there are 416 ancient trees in the school, including 30 trees that are over 300 years old and 386 trees that are over 100 years old. p> "Zhang Liming said: "The good ecological environment has become an important part of Peking University's campus culture." During holidays, thousands of tourists from all over the world come to Peking University's campus to experience the cultural atmosphere. "

Yes, we are indeed working very hard in terms of ecological construction. Just like when we later saw a magpie at the west school gate that had no fear of people. We were filled with heartfelt joy. ...

5. The island in the center of Weiming Lake and the blue-tailed stone fish

The shadow of the lake tower makes people linger. The outstanding scenery of Weiming Lake has become a symbol of Peking University. A symbol of the scenery. The willows surrounding the lake are graceful, with their branches hanging down, gently lapping at the water. The reflection of the Boya Tower faintly emerges in the water, and there are small islands in the lake dotted with the view of the tower. The quiet island in the middle of the lake is a pearl in Weiming Lake. The stone fish is a unique scenery in the lake.

I learned the story behind it. It was originally an excellent environment for reeds and other plants to grow vigorously. It was a small environment with extremely harmonious ecology, and together with the blue-tailed stonefish, it formed a unique landscape.

However, at the centenary anniversary of the school, in order to better introduce and explain, the school set up an explanatory board on the island, which attracted a large number of tourists to the island. The influence of human beings greatly affected the growth of reeds until The reeds completely disappeared from the island.

Fortunately, the school has realized this, and the signboard we saw today has been moved from the island to the lakeside. A self-restoring ecosystem should be able to return to its original state after obtaining long-term development conditions. In the near future, we can regain an island with excellent ecology. However, not all mistakes can be repaired. Sometimes, a decision that is not very wise can cause great regrets. The long-term nature of the plan is evident from this. I only hope that the story of the island can bring us some enlightenment.

6. Weixiu Garden and Changchun Garden

Yan Garden, with its long history, is our pride.

"The Yanyuan Campus of Peking University has become a famous scenic spot in the suburbs of Beijing as early as the Jin Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, large-scale gardens were built, and in the Qing Dynasty it became a "garden granted" by feudal emperors. During the Republic of China It became the campus of Yanjing University. The campus includes eight ancient garden sites, namely "Shaoyuan", "Shuchun Garden", "Minghe Garden", "Jingchun Garden", "Langrun Garden" and "Wei Garden". "Xiu Garden", "Chengze Garden" and "Zhibeizi Garden" are adjacent to the Old Summer Palace in terms of location. In terms of content and gardening style, they are similar to several gardens in the Wanchun Garden of the Old Summer Palace. They are different from them. The majestic royal gardens are also unique from the private gardens in the mountains and forests. Over time, many ancient gardens were burned by the imperialist powers along with the Old Summer Palace, or were occupied and sold by warlords, and many of them have been razed to the ground. ... Shuchun Garden, Langrun Garden, Minghe Garden, and Chengze Garden are survivors, and the hills and water among them are still intact. This is a testimony to the long history of the campus and a precious cultural relic.

"In 1920, Beijing Tongzhou Union University, Peking Union Medical College Women's University and Beijing Huiwen University merged to form Yenching University. President Stuart Leighton bought the former site of Shuchun Garden and Shaoyuan in the south from the warlord Chen Shufan for 60,000 silver dollars as the school site. The American architect H.Y.Mrphg was responsible for the campus planning and design. Construction started in 1921 and was basically completed in 1929. The campus initially occupied 40 hectares of land and had 800 students. From 1928 to 1931, Langrun Garden, Minghe Garden, Jingchun Garden, Weixiu Garden, and Chengze Garden were successively acquired as faculty dormitory welfare areas. During the same period, Zhibeizi Garden was also purchased as an internship site for the Department of Agriculture of Yanda. The architectural functions of Peking University Weiming Lake Yanyuan are unified with the environment, and architectural art is coordinated with the environment. Individual buildings in the traditional national style are coordinated with the ancient garden style. The alternating vertical and horizontal building axes are arranged to interpenetrate with the garden environment. The application of architectural group motifs forms a harmonious rhythm. The spatial sequence in which architecture, landscapes, roads, and trees are integrated, gives people a variety of beautiful feelings. ”

(Source: School of Education, Peking University)

Looking back gives us the desire to know more. What are the gardens like in the faculty residential area today? ?

When you walk into Weixiu Garden, the charm of the hometown is vaguely discernible. However, the feeling of "the spatial sequence integrating the architecture with the landscape, roads, and trees gives people a variety of beautiful feelings" is completely gone. The buildings and bungalows on the same plane show their existence, and the asphalt road and the dirt road show their functions by the same lake, because several low-priced small hotels with very simple conditions are built here, and people come and go. It is even more diverse, destroying the quiet and comfortable environment. Due to excessive opening to the outside world and poor management, Weixiu Garden is very disappointing today. Trash, simple restaurants and the same shabby can be seen everywhere. The small hotel suddenly makes people lose interest...

So, what is the reaction of the residents who have lived here for a long time?

The reactions of the residents near the lake are mostly the same. "Dirty and messy" - garbage can be seen everywhere, and the waste gas emitted by the bungalows near the lake seriously pollutes the environment. The lake water mainly comes from Wanquan River, which is not drained in winter. In summer, it is polluted and smells bad, and there are swarms of mosquitoes.

As for the residents who live a little further away from the lake, they think that in addition to poor management, life here is not satisfactory.

And the location is relatively convenient, very close to the Summer Palace, Xiangshan, and Peking University headquarters, making it more suitable for living. An old man who looked like a scholar said, "There are very few universities that can have the environment of Peking University." An old man who looked to be 80 or 90 years old and lived with his son said: "The environment is not bad, and it is getting better day by day."

A problem commonly reported by residents is that there is no large supermarket nearby, making shopping inconvenient.

In Changchun Garden, we encountered the same problem. I think the main reason for this is poor management. An old woman who used to work in the Peking University cafeteria told us many of the problems in detail after repeatedly asking us to prove that we were Peking University students. We were very touched by her defense of Peking University's reputation. However, as a dormitory area for faculty and staff of Peking University, it cannot improve the level of management, so that it has become a residence for migrant workers in Beijing. This cannot but be taken seriously. If things go on like this, it is impossible for residents to maintain the reputation of the garden and the reputation of Peking University.

7. Wanquan Cultural Park

The park is a centralized space integrating public art and green ecology. After the mid-20th century, industrialization and urbanization in European and American countries have developed rapidly. Urban space has expanded wantonly with the development of population and economy. Industrial and mining production and processing forms, especially in the post-industrial era, have affected urban housing, energy, and transportation. The development trend of malignant development is due to the heavy pressures from , communication and the overall ecological environment, which has caused shocking damage to the natural ecology, the diversity of flora and fauna, and the richness and integrity of human historical and cultural heritage. This situation is especially true in poor and developing countries. The parks established in the centers and suburbs of many big cities are far from being able to significantly improve and optimize the urban environment. Instead, most of them only serve to enhance the urban society's pursuit of high concentration, high speed, high returns, and high consumption. To provide some adjustment and comfort for physical and mental depression and ecological environment infringement, or as a temporary place of relief and escape.

Despite this, parks still more or less represent people’s prayers and symbolic returns to the lost natural scenery or the pastoral scenery of the agricultural era. As many urban streets, squares, and community centers have gradually lost their original functions as public places for communication and leisure, and lack the quality of a beautiful green ecological environment, good parks are even more important as urban gardens and "urban The value and significance of "lungs".

Wanquan Cultural Park was established under this background. This place used to be a morning market, but later it was cleaned up and renovated into a park, which has become a good place for nearby residents to exercise and relax. It is a semi-open urban street park with rockeries, lawns and other landscapes, as well as public leisure and entertainment facilities such as children's play areas, elderly fitness areas, dance floors, and roller skating rinks. What's commendable is that the floors here are all paved with soft materials, which not only look beautiful but also have protective properties. We arrived here around 10 a.m., and there were many children playing, many middle-aged and elderly people exercising, and many people flying kites here. It was a lively scene.

We conducted interviews with tourists at random. In interviews, most tourists said they lived nearby and came here often, and sometimes even came here just to relax. Most of them said that "the environment is not bad, the equipment is good, and it is much better than before." Parents who bring their children express their concern for their children’s safety. Most of the dissatisfaction focuses on the hygiene of public toilets. It is said that because the public toilets here are unmanaged, sewage often flows across them, which makes the clean and beautiful environment terrible. In addition, there is a lack of trees, which means that in summer, people have to go for a walk in the early morning or evening because there is no place to enjoy the shade. The use value is lost during the day, which can not but be said to be a shortcoming.

Wanquan Cultural Park is generally a successful plan. If the management of the park can be strengthened and more attention is paid to some subtle areas, it should be a masterpiece of ecological construction in the western suburbs of Beijing.

8. Wanquan River

Walking to the Wanquan River, the smell is astounding. There was white foam on the surface of the river, and the water was already black.

The reason is that a large amount of sewage is discharged, and the discharge volume has exceeded its self-purification capacity. The artificialization of the river has separated it from the natural life process and greatly reduced its self-purification ability.

With deep regret for the pollution of Wanquan River, I checked some relevant information on the Internet.

The "Beijing Morning News" on February 22, 2000 published a report titled "Public People Reported the Smelly Lake Water on the Peking University Campus." Reports pointed out that since the beginning of winter, the lake on the Peking University campus has refused to freeze, with white foam floating on the surface and an unpleasant smell of rotten eggs. During the investigation, the reporter found that the fish in the lake clung to the ice, attracting people to dig into the ice to get fish. According to experienced people, fish only float to the surface to absorb oxygen when there is a lack of oxygen, indicating that the lake water is deprived of oxygen due to pollution. At this time, the Wanquan River was not frozen. According to the staff at the Wanquan River Management Station of the Haidian District River Management Office, the Wanquan River is a river used for drainage in Haidian District. The lake water in Peking University and Tsinghua University relies on this river to circulate the lake water. In previous years, the river water froze. The ice is caused by oily pollutants in the river water. Employees also specifically told reporters that fish caught from this water may be contaminated and residents must not eat it.

The "Beijing Morning News" on February 25, 2000 published another report titled "Difficulties in Solving the Pollution of Wanquan River in Beijing". Wang, director of the Haidian District River Institute, pointed out in an interview that the source of the sewage cannot be found in the Wanquan River, which has been severely polluted. The only expedient that can relieve the stench of Peking University residents is to introduce it from the Beijing-Mi diversion canal. Clean water was used to flush the river. "But the good times did not last long. Two or three days later, the water was still like this." Why can't the source of sewage be detected? It turns out that Wanquan River began to be reconstructed in 1982. After the reconstruction, the river water was diverted from "Jingmi". In the past two years, municipal construction in Haidian District has accelerated. In order to save money and trouble, some units and individuals did not connect to municipal sewage pipelines and directly discharged sewage. into the rainwater pipes used to drain rainwater on heavy rainy days, causing sewage to flow directly into the Wanquan River. As for these privately connected pipelines, the bureau cannot detect them due to financial and manpower constraints, so the source of the pollution cannot be revealed.

What is even more surprising is another report titled "With white and tender skin, a 'strange frog' swam in the Wanquan River in Beijing." A man named Chen discovered a "strange frog" in the Wanquan River near the west gate of Tsinghua University in October 2001. It is flesh-colored, without any patterns, and its skin surface is very smooth. The hind limbs of the strange frog are particularly thick, and the red muscles on its legs are clearly visible, while the forelimbs are extremely small and cannot support the body when squatting. Staff at the Beijing Wildlife Conservation Station said it might be an albino frog. Albinism is a variation phenomenon caused by genetic mutations, which may occur in many types of wild animals such as mammals, birds, and amphibians. There are many factors that cause bleaching, and river water pollution is one of them. This fully illustrates the seriousness of water pollution in Wanquan River.

(Source: www.sina.com.cn)

No need to say anything more, the water pollution of Wanquan River has reached an extremely serious level, and its Pollution also has a negative impact on the surrounding water environment. Controlling the source of pollution should be the most fundamental solution, and the Environmental Protection Agency claims that the source of pollution cannot be detected, so a thorough and firm environmental action is even more important. If you do it with determination, it is impossible for the source of pollution not to show up. Administrative management and measures need to be further strengthened.

9. Green isolation belt

On the way to Liulangzhuang, you can see a large slogan - "Protect forests and green spaces, consolidate greening achievements." It was established by the Haidian District Municipal Management Committee. Another group of soldiers can be seen carrying tools to plant trees. This reminds us of the ongoing green belt construction activities in Beijing. This kind of construction made me interested in the historical changes in the western suburbs of Beijing. I found some information.

About the changes of "Haidian"

Mr. Tao Shilong wrote before the article "The Scenery of Jiangnan Water Town in Haidian in History - According to Hou Renzhi: lt; Wan Qing Ji gt; Excerpt" : "There was originally a lake in Haidian. When I came to Beijing in 1948, I passed by Yenching University, which is now the campus of Peking University, and went to the Summer Palace. When I turned north and turned west, I saw a large reed pond; it was still there in the early 1950s. Most of the roads were farmland. , the soil is fertile and water-rich, and the rice grown in the west of Beijing is full of lotus roots, which will disappear later."

Mr. Hou Renzhi mentioned in "Wanqing Ji":

"In the Qing Dynasty, Haidian area was densely covered with gardens. There were lakes in the gardens and plenty of water outside the gardens. Wind-loaded fragrant rice was planted in the fields. It was like a water town in the south of the Yangtze River. There are poems to prove it.

Suddenly wild nature Arrive at the rivers and lakes and draw a boat along the moon.

Several waves of light connect to the Taiye Lake, and the shadows of thousands of lamps scatter lotus pods - the scenery of the predecessor of Weiming Lake written by the Qing Dynasty

Ten thousand springs and ten miles of water. In Yunxiang, Lanruo is leisurely looking for a way to take advantage of the cool dawn.

The green poplars and cicadas are chirping on both sides of the bank, and the light boat is full of rice and the wind is fragrant. - Qianlong's poem describes the boat trip from the west garden of Changchun Garden to Shenghua Temple. The scenery of the water town near Bagou at that time."

Is this change progress, or a mistake and regression?

The lost scenery: Liulangzhuang in the west of Beijing

Liulangzhuang in Haidian is adjacent to the Changhe River in the east and the Summer Palace in the west. After five hundred years of development, it now has thousands of households and is known as the Village in the west of Beijing. One village.

Liulangzhuang is the hometown of Jingxi Rice. In the Qing Dynasty, there were 360 ??hectares of royal rice fields here, and the royal family ate one hectare every day. There is also a saying of "Southern Seven and North Sixty-Thirteen Circles" here: when this rice field was reclaimed, the Qing government contracted the project to 13 provinces, namely South Seven and North Six, and there are still "construction sites" in the south of the village. place name. Emperor Qianlong also wrote in "Miscellaneous Poems on the Scenery of Shenghua Temple on Wanquan Embankment" that "Wanquan has been blocked for a long time, and it was ordered to be dredged at the age of Jiashen, that is, paddy fields will be opened on the land, and cultivation will be added this spring." He also described the scenery of Liulangzhuang with the poem "The weeping willows are hidden behind the village houses, and the new seedlings are deserted and the paddy fields are thick".

Jingxi rice has plump grains, and the steamed rice is fragrant. It is said that Chairman Mao tasted rice cooked with Jingxi rice in the Summer Palace in the early days of liberation. He repeatedly said it was "delicious" and suggested promoting Jingxi rice.

However, Liulangzhuang, which has a history of 500 years, is about to disappear because it is located on the green isolation belt. According to the Beijing Municipal Master Plan, the pattern of Beijing's urban area is a "decentralized group system", that is, the city is composed of a central area and ten surrounding fringe groups; between the central area, the fringe groups, and each fringe group, there are patches of Isolated by green areas. The Wanliu area where Liulangzhuang is located is located on the 100-meter green isolation belt next to the Summer Palace. After the implementation of the Wanliu Project, farmers in the area will return their farmland to forests, and Liulangzhuang will become a green scenic spot.

(Source: Huaxia Tourism Network)

Seeing the Liulangzhuang under construction that has disappeared from Jingxidao, I felt really complicated.

The establishment of green isolation belts

In order to build a green ecological framework in the capital area, Beijing has made the decision to build three major green barriers, namely the Yanshan and Taihang Mountain greening projects. The first green barrier, the second barrier focusing on the greening of 5 rivers and 10 roads and the farmland forest network, and the third green barrier formed by greening isolated areas.

The green isolation area is the nearest green barrier in urban Beijing. According to the "Beijing Urban Master Plan", it is constructed between the city's central area and 10 edge groups and between each edge group. The green area is 125 square meters. kilometers of urban forest. The project has been implemented since 1986. This year, the construction of the isolation belt has completed a green area of ??35,000 acres, which is the total green area in the past six years, forming 10 green sections with an area of ??about 5,000 acres. When these 10 green sections are connected to each other, they will form an ecological barrier surrounding Beijing and play an important role in improving the ecological environment of the capital.

(Source: www.o2000.com.cn)

It is true that the construction of green isolation belts is a major measure for Beijing’s ecological environment construction and is a project that benefits the country and the people. It is a good thing, but Jingxida represents a kind of culture, a kind of resource and a kind of tradition of Beijing.

Jingxi Rice has gradually disappeared with the construction of Beijing, and now even its hometown will no longer exist. When it completely disappears from our sight, what will we lose?

Why can’t there be a plan that examines and treats cultural resources and traditions with caution while finding the best entry point for ecology? Perhaps Jingxidao should not have disappeared from Beijing; perhaps Liulangzhuang should not have disappeared from the map.

10. Beijing Mi Diversion Canal and Beijing Water Management

About Beijing Water Environment Management

The management of Beijing’s water environment is a major project and a A project that has been ongoing throughout history. The central area of ??Beijing used to be a group of lakes in ancient times. It is navigable from Kunming Lake to the Forbidden City. There are also Tongzi River and moat surrounding the imperial city and the capital, and the lakes are connected. This makes Beijing, a city famous throughout the ages, not only majestic but also a few more. Beautiful and elegant. However, since the late Qing Dynasty, due to the neglect of management of Beijing's water system, the rivers were silted and polluted, and navigation was abolished. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Beijing carried out three major renovations on the urban water system. It built two major reservoirs, Guanting and Miyun, and excavated the Yongding River diversion canal and the Jingmi diversion canal to introduce water from the two reservoirs into Beijing, increasing Beijing's water supply. Environmental water consumption and water environment have been greatly improved. But after all, the water system has not been thoroughly treated in more than 40 years. After the 1980s, the economy developed rapidly, the migrant population increased sharply, rivers and lakes were newly polluted, and some rivers became smelly ditches. The lake has deep silt. According to monitoring by the Beijing Municipal Water Conservancy Department, the accumulated silt has reached 2.3 million cubic meters.

The deterioration of Beijing’s water environment has attracted widespread attention from the central and municipal governments and citizens. At the Beijing Municipal People's Congress in early 1998, 225 Municipal People's Congress deputies jointly proposed a motion calling for control of pollution in urban rivers and lakes. On September 26, 1998, the urban water system management began with the management of the "Six Seas", the six pearls in the heart of Beijing. The goal of Beijing's water system management is "clear water, green shores, smooth flow, and navigability." This water system management is the first in Beijing's history. The scale and investment are unprecedented.

Jingmi Diversion Canal - another scenic river after Kunyu River

The Jingmi Diversion Canal technical renovation project is a basic construction project to solve the urban water supply problem in Beijing, with a total length of 112.7 meters kilometers, becoming the most important "artery" for Beijing's water supply.

According to official reports, the Jingmi Aqueduct began delivering water in winter in 1989. Since then, the water delivery task of the aqueduct has changed from seasonal water delivery to year-round uninterrupted water delivery. However, after more than 30 years of overload operation, the Jingmi Diversion Canal has aged, and most of the earthen canals have been severely washed away and silted up, affecting the water delivery capacity. Damage to channels causes a huge waste of water resources. According to statistical analysis from 1990 to 1999, the average leakage and evaporation loss rate of the Beijing-Miami diversion canal was 23, with the highest reaching 32.7 in 1999. Technical transformation has become very urgent. After the completion of the technical upgrading project, the water conveyance capacity of the channel will be enhanced, which will enable the very precious surface water resources to be fully conserved and utilized, saving 100 million cubic meters of water every year. Greening on both sides of the Jingmi Diversion Canal began this spring. The design plan is to have clear layers of grass and trees. The Jingmi Diversion Canal has become another landscape river after the Kunyu River and the South Moat.

(Source: Beijing Evening News on October 29, 2002)

However, as far as we know, the Jingmi Diversion Canal was basically natural before 1998, and is now completely artificial. Become. In the past, there were tall shady trees beside the canal, but today there are straight river banks.