How to Evaluate the Comprehensive Implementation Plan for Deepening Rural Reform

(A) deepening the reform of rural collective property rights system

Rural collective ownership based on collective ownership of land is an important form of socialist public ownership and an institutional guarantee for realizing farmers' prosperity. The rural collective economic organization system based on the collective ownership of land is intertwined with the villagers' self-government organization system, which constitutes the basic framework of rural governance in China and provides the basic institutional support for the modernization of agriculture and rural areas with China characteristics. To establish and improve the rural collective property rights system that conforms to the requirements of the socialist market economic system and the reality of the primary stage of socialism, we must take the protection of the rights of members of farmers' collective economic organizations as the core, clarify the ownership of rural collective property rights and give farmers more property rights as the focus, explore the effective organizational forms and management methods of rural collective ownership economy under the conditions of socialist market economy, ensure that the fruits of collective economic development benefit all members, further give play to the advantages of collective economy and further mobilize the enthusiasm of members of collective economic organizations.

1. Deepen the reform of rural land system. Adhere to the "three bottom lines" that the public nature of land will not change, the red line of cultivated land will not break through, and the interests of farmers will not be damaged to prevent subversive mistakes. The basic direction of deepening the reform of rural land system is to implement collective ownership, stabilize farmers' contracting rights and liberalize land management rights. Implementing collective ownership means implementing the legal provisions that "the real estate and movable property owned by farmers collectively belong to collective members", clearly defining the rights of farmers' collective members, clarifying the ownership of collective land property rights and realizing the clarity of the subject of collective property rights. Stabilizing farmers' contracting rights is to implement the collective land contractual management right to every farmer in the collective organization fairly according to law. Emancipating the right of land management means allowing contracted farmers to voluntarily allocate the right of land management to subjects who are willing and capable of operating according to law and develop various forms of moderate scale operation.

The first is to carry out rural land expropriation, collective construction land entering the market, and homestead system reform. Sum up experience in time, constantly improve, and form replicable and popularized reform results. The basic idea of rural land expropriation system reform is to narrow the scope of land expropriation, standardize the procedures of land expropriation, improve the reasonable, standardized and diversified security mechanism for landless farmers, establish a land value-added income distribution mechanism that takes into account the state, the collective and the individual, and reasonably increase personal income. The basic idea of the reform of the collective construction land system is to allow the existing rural collective construction land identified as industrial, mining, warehousing, commercial services and other business purposes in the overall land use planning and urban and rural planning to enjoy the same rights as state-owned construction land, and can be transferred, leased or invested in shares on the premise of conforming to the planning, use control and legal acquisition, so as to improve the trading rules, service supervision system and rational distribution mechanism of land value-added income. The basic idea of homestead system reform is: on the basis of protecting farmers' usufructuary right of homestead obtained according to law, reform and improve rural homestead system, explore new mechanism of farmers' housing security, clearly define farmers' housing property rights, explore paid use system of homestead and voluntary paid withdrawal mechanism, and explore effective ways of mortgage, guarantee and transfer of farmers' housing property rights.

The second is to deepen the reform of rural land contract management system. Pay close attention to the revision of relevant laws, implement the central government's major decision on stabilizing rural land contract relationship and keeping it unchanged for a long time, and put forward specific plans for the continuation of cultivated land after the expiration of the second round of contracting and during the new contracting period. On the basis of basically completing the registration and certification of rural collective land ownership, in accordance with the principle of unified registration of real estate, accelerate the registration and certification of the right to use homestead and collective construction land. Clarify and enhance the legal effect of the registration and certification of rural land contractual management rights, expand the pilot scope of the province, generally be accurate to households, and strictly grasp the scope of ownership. Guiding opinions on the pilot project of mortgage guarantee for rural contracted land management rights were issued. Piloting the paid withdrawal of farmers' land contractual management rights in places where conditions permit. Formulate and issue documents to improve the grassland contracting management system, standardize the grassland contracting behavior and management methods, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of herders to protect and build grasslands. Guide the orderly circulation of the right to use collectively owned barren hills, ditches, hills and beaches in rural areas.

The third is to improve the farmland protection and compensation system. Strictly implement the overall land use planning, strengthen the protection of cultivated land, comprehensively demarcate permanent basic farmland and implement special protection. Improve the land reclamation system, revitalize the land stock, establish an incentive and restraint mechanism for land reclamation, and implement the responsibility for reclamation of damaged cultivated land in production and construction. Intensify the transformation of low-and medium-yield fields, improve the way of rural land consolidation, increase basic farmland with high and stable yield, and improve agricultural production conditions and ecological environment. Strengthen the standardized management of the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation according to law, strengthen the legal responsibility of the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation, improve the quality evaluation system of the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation, and ensure that the quantity and quality of supplementary cultivated land are in place. Improve the compensation mechanism for the protection of cultivated land and basic farmland. Take more effective measures, strengthen the supervision of the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation, resolutely prevent the phenomenon of more occupation and less compensation, superior compensation and occupation of paddy fields to supplement dry fields, and put an end to illegal occupation of forest land and wetlands to supplement cultivated land. Further implement the audit system for the departure of leading cadres of the cultivated land protection government. In accordance with relevant laws and regulations, we will improve and expand pilot projects such as linking urban and rural construction land and "land tickets", and promote the use of policies linking urban and rural construction land to support ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation.

2. Promote the reform of ownership of rural collective assets to households and joint-stock cooperative system by classification. On the basis of confirming the membership of rural collective economic organizations and comprehensively verifying rural collective assets, the key point is to pay close attention to the registration and certification of resource assets such as land contractual management rights; For non-operating assets, the focus is to explore an effective mechanism for collective unified management that is conducive to improving the ability to serve the public; For operating assets, the key point is to quantify the conversion of assets into shares to members of collective economic organizations, give farmers more control over collective assets, and develop various forms of stock cooperation. Improve the rural collective "three-capital" management supervision and income distribution system. Clarify the market dominant position of collective economic organizations. Establish a rural property rights transfer trading market that meets the actual needs, and ensure the voluntary, open, fair and orderly trading of rural property rights according to law. At present, the reform of rural collective property rights system is strictly confined to the collective economic organizations, so as to effectively prevent a few people in the collective economic organizations from occupying and controlling collective assets, and prevent external capital from embezzling and controlling collective assets.

3. Deepen forestry and water conservancy reform. Implement the strictest forest land use control system. Focusing on releasing management rights, implementing disposal rights and ensuring income rights, we will deepen supporting reforms and improve the collective forest right system. Implement classified forest management, improve forest harvesting rights, operate public welfare forests and liberalize commercial forests, and mobilize the enthusiasm of forest farmers and social forces to develop forestry. Steadily promote the reform of state-owned forest farms and state-owned forest areas. To study and put forward guiding opinions on strengthening the protection of natural forest resources and stop commercial logging of natural forests in an orderly manner. Carry out the management system reform of small-scale water conservancy projects, clarify the ownership and use rights of the projects, implement the management and protection subjects, and promote the benign operation of water conservancy projects.

(B) to speed up the construction of a new agricultural management system

Developing various forms of agricultural moderate scale operation is the only way for agricultural modernization. It is necessary to focus on improving the land output rate, resource utilization rate and labor productivity, accelerate the cultivation of new agricultural management entities such as family farms, large professional households, farmers' cooperatives and leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization, and build a three-dimensional and compound modern agricultural management system based on farmers' family management, with cooperative alliances as the link and socialized services as the support, which conforms to the national conditions and development stages, and improve the level of intensification, scale and organization of agricultural management.

4. Promote the standardized and orderly circulation of land management rights. On the basis of "separation of ownership, contracting right and management right" of rural cultivated land, farmers are guided to transfer the management right of contracted land in various ways according to the principle of voluntary compensation according to law, and various forms of moderate scale operation are developed through land management right shareholding and trusteeship. Grasp the degree of land management right transfer, concentration and scale operation, do not unilaterally pursue super-scale operation, do not engage in the Great Leap Forward, do not engage in mandatory orders, and do not engage in administrative blind command, so that moderate scale operation can adapt to the transfer of rural labor force, agricultural scientific and technological progress, and agricultural socialization service level. Improve farmers' family management ability and level, focus on developing moderate-scale family farms with family members as the main labor force and agriculture as the main source of income, and engage in specialized intensive agricultural production, which has become a new force in developing modern agriculture. Put forward relevant legislative suggestions to promote the development of family farms in a timely manner.

5. Strengthen the standardization of farmers' cooperatives. Strengthen the standardization of farmers' professional cooperatives and land joint-stock cooperatives, and further promote the construction of demonstration cooperatives. Encourage farmers' cooperatives to develop agricultural products processing business, innovate the organizational form and interest linkage mechanism of agricultural industrial chain, and build a mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation model among farmers, cooperatives and enterprises, so that farmers can share more value-added benefits of industrial chain. Further innovate the mechanism of financial support for the development of farmers' cooperatives and allow government projects to directly invest in qualified cooperatives. We will improve the policy that farmers use land contractual management rights as shares to develop agricultural industrialization.

6. Innovate socialized agricultural service mechanism. Family management is still the basic force of agricultural production for quite a period of time, and it is necessary to bring farmer management into the track of modern agricultural development through thoughtful and convenient social services. Give full play to the role of agricultural public service organizations, vigorously cultivate various forms of agricultural business service organizations, and improve the socialized service system covering the whole process, which is comprehensive, convenient and efficient. Innovate and carry out pilot projects for the government to purchase public welfare services from agricultural business service organizations.

7. Cultivate professional farmers. Formulate special plans and practical policies to attract young people to farm, cultivate new professional farmers and cultivate high-quality new agricultural producers and operators. Support skilled and managerial migrant workers to return home to set up family farms, lead farmers' cooperatives, set up agricultural products processing and marketing enterprises and agricultural socialized service organizations.

8. Improve the supervision and risk prevention mechanism of agricultural land leased by industrial and commercial capital. Make clear provisions on industrial and commercial capital leasing farmers' contracted land, establish strict qualification examination, project supervision and regular inspection mechanisms, prohibit the occupation of land in the name of agriculture for non-agricultural construction, and prevent the spread of "non-food" phenomenon. Encourage and support industrial and commercial enterprises to develop modern farming, processing, circulation and socialized agricultural services of agricultural products suitable for enterprise management, and introduce modern production factors and business models into agriculture. Explore the establishment of industrial and commercial capital agricultural land lease risk protection system.

9. Promote the reform and development of agricultural reclamation and comprehensively deepen the comprehensive reform of supply and marketing cooperatives. Study and introduce policies and measures to promote the reform and development of agricultural reclamation, deepen the reform of collectivization and farm enterprise, innovate the industry guidance management system, enterprise market management system and farm management system, clarify the property right relationship of state-owned assets of agricultural reclamation, establish a state-owned assets supervision system that conforms to the characteristics of agricultural reclamation, and further promote the reform of social functions of agricultural reclamation offices. In accordance with the purpose of serving agriculture and the direction of separating government from enterprise, we will promote system reform and mechanism innovation according to local conditions, and build supply and marketing cooperatives into a cooperative economic organization system that is more closely related to farmers' interests, has a more complete service function for agriculture, and has a more efficient market-oriented operation, making it a new force and a comprehensive platform for serving farmers' production and life.

(3) Improve the agricultural support and protection system.

Providing necessary support and guarantee for agriculture is an objective need to develop modern agriculture. We should adhere to the basic policy of giving more and taking less, focus on ensuring the supply of major agricultural products, increase farmers' income, and realize the sustainable development of agriculture. Strengthen agricultural support and protection, improve the efficiency of agricultural support and protection, improve the incentive mechanism of agricultural production, and accelerate the formation of an agricultural support and protection system with comprehensive coverage, clear direction, prominent focus, supporting measures and simple operation.

10. Establish a stable growth mechanism for agricultural and rural investment. Taking agriculture and rural areas as the priority areas of fiscal expenditure, the investment in the central budget will continue to tilt towards agriculture and rural areas to ensure that the investment in agriculture and rural areas will only increase. Further optimize the expenditure structure of financial support for agriculture, change the mode of financial capital investment, and promote financial and social capital investment in agriculture and rural areas through measures such as cooperation between the government and social capital, government purchase of services, guaranteed interest subsidies, compensation by awards, and risk compensation, so as to give full play to the guidance and leverage of financial funds. Vigorously clean up, integrate and standardize the transfer payment funds related to agriculture, and resolutely rectify the special funds related to agriculture that are "small, scattered and chaotic" and have no obvious effect; Integrate special funds related to agriculture with similar goals and investment directions; Agriculture-related expenditures that have the advantages of local management information are classified as general transfer payments and distributed in blocks, which are controlled by local governments as a whole and the regulatory responsibilities are implemented. Establish a standardized and transparent management system, put an end to any form of misappropriation, layers of interception, false reporting and impersonator, and effectively improve the performance of agricultural capital investment. Reasonably divide the central and local powers to support agriculture, clarify the expenditure responsibilities that the government should bear and share, and promote the standardization and legalization of the powers of governments at all levels to support agriculture.

1 1. Improve the agricultural product price formation mechanism and the agricultural product market supervision system. According to the importance of various major agricultural products in the national economy and people's livelihood, we will adopt the method of "implementing policies by varieties and gradually advancing" to improve the price formation mechanism of agricultural products. We will improve and continue to implement the minimum purchase price policy for rice and wheat. In accordance with the idea of "separation of price and compensation", we will continue to implement the pilot reform of cotton and soybean target prices and improve the way of subsidy payment. Reform and improve the policy of purchasing and storing corn. Improve the regulation of agricultural products market, avoid excessive government intervention, invigorate market circulation and enhance market vitality. Improve the purchasing and storage policy of agricultural products, adhere to the principle of being close to the market and ensuring farmers' reasonable income, determine the purchasing and storage price, reduce the storage cost and improve the storage efficiency. Strengthen the construction of modern grain storage and logistics facilities, actively encourage and guide all kinds of enterprises such as circulation and processing to participate in the construction of grain storage capacity and the storage and storage of agricultural products, standardize the storage and storage behavior, and cultivate diversified market players. Innovate the circulation mode of agricultural products, strengthen the construction of modern circulation system of agricultural products supported by information technology, vigorously develop new formats of agricultural products circulation, and play the role of e-commerce platform to connect farmers and markets.

12. Improve the agricultural subsidy system. Maintain the continuity and stability of agricultural subsidy policy, adjust and improve the "yellow box" support policy, gradually expand the implementation scale and scope of "green box" support policy, and improve the efficiency of agricultural subsidy policy. We will carry out the pilot reform of agricultural subsidies, merge the existing "three subsidies" (improved crop varieties subsidies, direct grain subsidies and comprehensive agricultural subsidies) into "agricultural support and protection subsidies", optimize the direction of subsidies, and highlight the protection of cultivated land and food security. Maintain the convergence with the existing policies, adjust some existing funds and new subsidy funds to all kinds of new agricultural business entities with moderate scale operation, and reasonably determine the support strength, so as not to be artificially "dominant". Further broaden the channels of financial support for agriculture, highlight the key points of financial support for agriculture, continuously increase investment in agricultural infrastructure construction and comprehensive agricultural development, improve the input mechanism for promoting agricultural scientific and technological progress and strengthening farmers' skills training, increase support for agricultural structural adjustment, and increase support for agricultural inputs and the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools. Improve the interest compensation mechanism in major grain producing areas. Improve the fast and efficient way to distribute subsidy funds, and encourage qualified places to explore ways to increase farmers' income subsidies.

13. Establish a new management mechanism for farmland water conservancy construction. Actively promote the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price, implement total control and quota management of agricultural water use, improve water supply metering facilities, and establish an agricultural water price formation mechanism conducive to water saving. Establish a precise subsidy system for agricultural water use and a water-saving incentive mechanism. Encourage social capital to participate in the construction, operation and maintenance of farmland water conservancy projects.

14. Deepen the reform of agricultural science and technology system. Adhere to the development of agriculture through science and technology, strengthen agriculture through talents, promote the reform of agricultural research institutes, break the division of departments, effectively integrate scientific and technological resources, establish a collaborative innovation mechanism, and promote the close integration of Industry-University-Research, agriculture and education. Improve the evaluation mechanism of scientific research projects and achievements transformation, strengthen the incentive mechanism of scientific and technological personnel, and promote the transformation of agricultural scientific research achievements. Support the development of seed industry and expand a number of large-scale backbone seed enterprises integrating "breeding, reproduction and promotion". Improve the basic agricultural technology extension service system and explore various forms of public welfare agricultural technology extension services.

15. Establish a mechanism for sustainable agricultural development. Promote reduced and clean agricultural production methods, improve the agricultural standardized production system, and improve the compensation mechanism for reduction and efficiency of agricultural inputs. Develop eco-circular agriculture and establish an incentive mechanism for resource utilization of agricultural wastes. Implement farmland protection and quality improvement actions, strengthen the management of farmland polluted by heavy metals, and protect the black land in Northeast China. We will further promote returning farmland to forests and grasslands, returning farmland to lakes, and banning grazing and fishing. Improve the compensation system for ecological protection such as forests, grasslands, wetlands, water sources and soil and water conservation. Establish and improve the stable investment mechanism of ecological protection compensation funds.

16. accelerate the innovation of rural financial system. Adhere to the combination of commercial finance, cooperative finance and policy finance, improve the system of policy support, fair access and differentiated supervision, expand the scale and coverage of rural financial services, innovate rural financial service models, comprehensively improve the level of rural financial services, promote the development of inclusive finance, and accelerate the establishment of a modern rural financial system with multi-level, wide coverage, sustainability, moderate competition and controllable risks. We will improve the system that rural deposits of financial institutions are mainly used for agriculture and rural areas, and improve the system that policy finance supports agricultural development and rural construction. Further improve the management system and operation mechanism of the "Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers Finance Division" of Agricultural Bank of China, and comprehensively improve the ability and level of serving the "agriculture, countryside and farmers" and the county economy. Stabilize the county legal person status of rural credit cooperatives and improve the governance structure. Encourage the Postal Savings Bank to expand rural financial business. Encourage the formation of county-level financing guarantee institutions or guarantee funds mainly funded by the government and focusing on agriculture-related guarantee business. We will improve the compensation mechanism for rural credit losses and explore the establishment of an agricultural credit risk compensation fund funded by local finance. We will steadily carry out pilot projects for rural contracted land management rights and mortgage loans for farmers' housing property rights, innovate and improve the mortgage loan mechanism for forest rights, and broaden the direct financing channels for agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Adhere to the principle of membership and closure, and rely on qualified farmers' cooperatives to steadily carry out the pilot project of mutual fund assistance within farmers' cooperatives under the premise of not absorbing foreign deposits and loans and not paying fixed returns, and guide them to extend to "production and operation cooperation+credit cooperation". The financial supervision department is responsible for formulating the business operation rules and supervision rules of rural credit cooperatives, and the local government earnestly undertakes the responsibility of supervision and risk disposal. Improve the local rural financial management system, promote the establishment of market-oriented risk compensation mechanism in local areas, and effectively prevent and resolve local financial risks. Promote the construction of rural credit system and carry out credit rating and credit granting for new agricultural business entities. Improve the agricultural insurance system, support the establishment of agricultural mutual insurance organizations in qualified areas, expand the coverage of agricultural insurance, develop insurance varieties suitable for the needs of new agricultural business entities, and improve the level of protection. In-depth development of agricultural product target price insurance pilot. Study and improve the catastrophe risk dispersion mechanism of agricultural insurance.

(4) Improve the system and mechanism for the integration of urban and rural development.

The integration of urban and rural development is the fundamental way to solve the problems of agriculture, countryside and farmers in China. Adhere to the basic policy of industry feeding agriculture and cities supporting rural areas, promote urbanization and new rural construction as a whole, accelerate the formation of a new type of relationship between workers, peasants and urban areas that promotes agriculture through industry, leads rural areas through cities, benefits workers and peasants, and integrates urban and rural areas, and strive to narrow the gap between urban and rural development.

17. Improve the integrated planning system for urban and rural development. Accelerate the reform of planning system, build a planning system that adapts to the coordinated development of urban and rural areas in China, improve the supervision system of planning preparation, approval and implementation, and improve the coordination mechanism of county and city spatial planning. Revise and improve the county rural construction planning and town, township and village planning as soon as possible, explore the preparation of village land use planning under the control of town and village land use master planning, improve the scientific and forward-looking planning, and strengthen the constraint and leading role of planning.

18. Improve the investment and management mechanism of rural infrastructure construction. Further increase the investment of public finance in rural infrastructure construction. Accelerate the extension of infrastructure to rural areas and explore the establishment of an interconnection and sharing mechanism between urban and rural infrastructure and public service facilities. Innovate the decision-making, investment, construction and operation management and protection mechanism of rural infrastructure and public service facilities, establish a bottom-up democratic decision-making mechanism, and give full play to farmers' main role through villagers' independent choice, construction, management and use. Actively guide social capital to participate in the construction, management and operation of rural public infrastructure.

19. Promote the formation of an institutional mechanism for equalization of basic public services between urban and rural areas. Improve the balanced allocation mechanism of urban and rural compulsory education resources within the county. Establish a coordination mechanism for the construction of urban and rural public cultural service system. Establish a basic medical and health system covering urban and rural areas and integrate the basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents. We will improve the unified national basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, and improve the mechanism for determining treatment and normal adjustment. Promote the coordinated development of the minimum living security system between urban and rural areas. Strengthen the care and service system for left-behind children, women and the elderly in rural areas. Standardize the basic public service standard system, promote the unified convergence and sustainable development of urban and rural regional standards, and improve the comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system. Encourage local governments to carry out pilot reforms of urban and rural basic public service systems.

20. Accelerate the reform of the household registration system. Fully consider the level of economic and social development, comprehensive carrying capacity and ability to provide basic public services of towns, refine, improve and implement differentiated settlement policies, and promote the orderly citizenization of permanent residents who have the ability to work and live in towns. Accelerate the establishment and implementation of the residence permit system, take the residence permit as the carrier, and gradually realize the full coverage of basic public services to the permanent population. Establish a cost-sharing mechanism for the urbanization of agricultural transfer population with the participation of the government, enterprises and individuals, clarify the corresponding expenditure responsibilities of governments at all levels, and enhance the service guarantee ability of governments in areas with large agricultural transfer population. Effectively safeguard the land contracting rights, homestead use rights and collective income distribution rights of farmers who have settled in cities.

2 1. Improve the equal employment system for urban and rural workers. Further clean up the discriminatory provisions on the employment of migrant workers and ensure the equal employment rights of urban and rural workers. Strengthen the construction of public employment and entrepreneurship service system covering urban and rural areas. Improve the employment and unemployment registration management system. Implement policies to encourage rural labor to start businesses. Implement the principle of equal pay for equal work for migrant workers and urban workers, and focus on solving the problem of wage arrears for migrant workers. Expand the coverage of migrant workers' participation in urban social security, and fully incorporate the agricultural transfer population who have settled in cities into the urban social security system. Improve the transfer and continuation policy of social security relations.

(5) Strengthening and innovating rural social governance.

With the rapid advancement of marketization, industrialization and urbanization, rural social governance is facing new challenges. It is necessary to adhere to the leadership of the party and government, the cooperation between farmers and society, strengthen the construction of township service-oriented government around improving the level of rural grassroots governance, give full play to the leading core role of grassroots party organizations in various rural economic and social organizations, improve the democratic system of villagers' self-governing organizations, and form a standardized, orderly and dynamic rural governance mechanism.

22. Strengthen the construction of rural grassroots party organizations. Conscientiously implement the party's requirements of managing the party and strictly administering the party, always adhere to the core position of rural grassroots party organizations, thoroughly rectify weak and lax village party organizations, build rural grassroots party organizations into strong fighting fortresses, and constantly consolidate the organizational foundation of the party's governance at the rural grassroots level. Innovate and improve the establishment and activities of rural grass-roots party organizations, and expand organizational coverage and work coverage. Strengthen the construction of party organizations at the two levels in rural areas, select leaders who are strong and well managed, and send the first secretary to weak and scattered village party organizations and poor village party organizations. Serious rural grass-roots political life within the party, strict self-cultivation, strict use of power, strict self-discipline, seeking truth from facts, starting a business, seeking truth from facts, strengthening the daily education management in party member, doing a good job in the development of rural party member, and giving play to party member's vanguard and exemplary role. Seriously deal with violations of party discipline and discipline, resolutely investigate and deal with corruption around farmers, such as misappropriation of funds for benefiting farmers, embezzlement of compensation for land acquisition, misappropriation of collective assets, establish and improve the village supervision mechanism under the leadership of party organizations, and maintain the purity and cohesion of rural grassroots party organizations. Further strengthen the construction of rural grassroots service-oriented party organizations, strengthen the construction of county and village three-level convenience service networks, do practical things for the masses, be close to the masses, unite with the masses, guide the masses, win over the masses, and lead them to get rid of poverty and become rich. Strictly implement the responsibility system for party building at the grass-roots level in rural areas, give play to the role of "front-line headquarters" of county-level party committees, and intensify the work of grasping townships and promoting villages.

23. Improve the rural grassroots democratic management system. Focusing on expanding orderly participation, promoting information disclosure, improving deliberation and consultation, and strengthening power supervision, we will improve the dynamic villager autonomy mechanism led by village party organizations and explore effective forms of villager autonomy. Where there are practical needs, relying on the ownership relationship of collective assets such as land and traditional rural social governance resources, we will carry out pilot projects of villagers' autonomy with villagers' groups or natural villages as the basic units; In places where new rural communities have been established, pilot villagers' autonomy with rural communities as the basic unit will be carried out. Explore the villagers' meeting and villagers' representative meeting as the carrier, innovate the form of villagers' deliberation, improve the subject and procedure of deliberation and decision-making, and implement the people's right to know and make decisions. Establish a pragmatic and effective village supervision mechanism, straighten out the relationship between village supervision institutions and other village-level organizations, give full play to the role of village supervision institutions, and implement the supervision power of the masses. Actively explore the forms of consultation such as villagers' committees and villagers' councils, and attach importance to attracting stakeholders, social organizations and resident units to participate in the consultation. Study and clarify the functional orientation and relationship of village party organizations, villagers' committees, village supervision institutions and rural collective economic organizations. In areas where the rural collective property right system is reformed and rural joint-stock cooperative economic organizations are established, the management function of the village "two committees" on collective assets is explored, the pilot of "separation of politics and economy" is carried out, and the operating mechanism of villagers' autonomous organizations and collective economic organizations led by rural grassroots party organizations is improved.

24. Strengthen the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas. Strengthen the ideological and moral construction in rural areas, carry out targeted education on socialist core values, improve the comprehensive quality of farmers, and enhance the level of rural social civilization. Carry out activities to create civilized villages and towns and revise rural rules and regulations. Give full play to the platform and supporting role of public cultural services in rural spiritual civilization construction, strengthen the integration and utilization of rural grassroots public cultural and sports resources, and improve the utilization efficiency of facilities. Establish an effective cooperation mechanism for key cultural and sports projects such as radio and television coverage, sharing of cultural information resources, township comprehensive cultural stations, rural film screening, farmer's bookstores, and physical fitness. Support social and cultural organizations and institutions to participate in rural public cultural services by means of government purchase, project subsidies and targeted funding. Do a good job in building the backbone of rural amateur culture and strengthen the creation and production of literary and artistic works with rural themes. Protect and inherit the farming civilization with national characteristics and strengthen the protection of rural cultural heritage. Extensively carry out cultural activities with local characteristics, promote the organic combination of culture and characteristic agriculture, and enhance the cultural added value of agricultural products. Guide and organize farmers to set up villagers' councils, moral appraisal councils, gambling prohibition and drug control councils, red and white councils, and give play to the positive role of village rules and regulations.

25 innovative rural poverty alleviation and development system and mechanism. Focusing on the requirements of building a well-off society in an all-round way and not letting the rural poor fall behind, we should make classified policies, speed up the improvement of the precise poverty alleviation mechanism, improve the assessment mechanism of poverty-stricken counties, improve the assistance mechanism for cadres in villages, improve the management mechanism of poverty alleviation funds, improve the financial service mechanism, innovate the social participation mechanism, establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for poverty alleviation targets, and improve the effective connection mechanism between poverty alleviation and development and rural subsistence allowances. Improve the working mechanism of district liaison, promote the combination of district planning and implementation with poverty reduction goals, and implement policies and projects. We will promptly study and formulate major measures for poverty alleviation and development, ensure that the tough battle for poverty alleviation and development will be won in a specific time, and accelerate the pace of poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken areas and building a well-off society in an all-round way.

26 deepen the reform of rural administrative law enforcement system. Strengthen rural grassroots law enforcement forces and implement comprehensive law enforcement in the fields of food and drug safety, industrial and commercial quality inspection, public health, safe production, cultural tourism, resources and environment, agriculture, forestry and water conservancy, transportation, urban and rural construction, and marine fisheries. To ensure the implementation of relevant laws and regulations, maintain the order of production and life in rural areas according to law, and improve the level of rule of law in rural areas.