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How to review Chinese well
(1) Emphasis mainly includes dictation of famous sentences, language expression and composition.
First, although the dictation of famous sentences accounts for a small proportion in the college entrance examination, this most basic score must not be lost. The syllabus stipulates that 50 junior high schools and 14 senior high schools should be inspected. Based on these 64 articles, we arranged three rounds of review: in the first round, 64 original poems were printed and distributed, and everyone was responsible for typesetting and proofreading. 20-minute morning self-study once a week, led by branch representatives to read together, read and recite by themselves; In the second round, students will find out the sentences that they can't remember well and are prone to make mistakes, and then correct them by themselves after dictation, so as to strengthen the key points: in the third round, the whole poem is recited, and the sentences in the key paragraphs of the article are recited. Through these rounds of dictation, we will strengthen a solid foundation, and our goal is to win 6 points. Of course, many children in ordinary classes can't reach this height. The problem with dictation now is that they are familiar with it, and there are typos in it, so they need to do the next one.
Second, the language expression plate
Use 20 minutes of morning self-study every week to do targeted training. The test questions are organized by the teacher in combination with the syllabus and the latest information, and the questions are given from different types and different test sites to guide students to find the rules and master the methods. Among them, idioms, sick sentences and sorting training are more. In the new questions, we mainly strengthen the training of modifying ill sentences and imitating writing questions, while others also do non-key review, mainly to guide students to inspect the stem of the questions, consolidate knowledge, sum up methods and avoid mistakes.
Third, strengthen composition training. Composition is the "half of the country" of the college entrance examination language, and the success or failure of composition is directly related to the level of the college entrance examination language performance, which should be highly valued by teachers and students. The overall goal of composition training is: to be good at stylistic writing; In content, seeking Excellence in freedom; From the point of view, the most accurate in safety; In expression, seeking literary talent in ceremony; In writing, beauty is sought in norms. There are some problems in students' current composition, such as deviation of thinking, lack of materials and plain language. We will solve these problems one by one:
1, the training of examining questions and conceiving in composition. This is the first hurdle of the college entrance examination composition. Once there is deviation, it will directly affect the initial score of the composition and cannot be ignored. Use one morning self-study lesson every week to train students to examine questions, and a teacher will follow up the questions, deepen the difficulty according to the students' completion, and constantly strengthen the basic methods of examining questions. This year's college entrance examination outline clearly puts forward the correct angle, so strengthening this training will definitely get twice the result with half the effort. Now we see the results. In junior high school and senior high school, many students can't write their ideas in the early self-study time. Now, it is also morning self-study time. Students can not only put forward accurate ideas, but also list a detailed outline of the article, including the beginning, the end, the central sentence and an overview of the examples used.
2. Material accumulation training in composition. Clear thinking, just set up the framework of the composition, to make an 800-word flesh-and-blood article, you need to inject fresh materials. Based on this, we have mainly done the following work: ① Recommend a book named "Practical Materials for College Entrance Examination" to students. This book is carefully selected by teachers in bookstores around the country, which not only has materials, but also classifies them according to different topics, so that students can get a treasure. (2) After a model, this book can no longer meet the needs of students, because most of the examples in it are narrative language. After the students have the rice in the pot, they have the need to pay attention to the nutrition collocation. So after half a month's practice of talking about big composition, we printed and distributed the excellent compositions in the department to the students, so that the students could see the carved materials and fresh materials except this book for the first time. ③ Inventory training of composition materials in class. We print out the text topics and article introductions in the textbooks and send them to students, so that they can learn the nutrition of the composition materials for the college entrance examination from the latest books around them.
3, composition highlights upgrade training. After the second mode, we timely carry out the improvement training of composition highlights, that is, after the students' big composition training, the title, beginning and end of the article are modified and decorated in groups, and the teacher gives guidance on methods. Through these three aspects of improvement training, the students' composition is improved by 3-5 points on the original basis. The result is remarkable.
(2) Break through difficulties
Mainly modern text reading and poetry appreciation.
The subjective reading questions in modern Chinese often lose a lot of points, so it is particularly important to master skills.
In fact, every reading is the same (the genre of novels is the theme, and the genre of practical texts is the emotional tendency)
Literary texts include novels and essays. We mainly criticize novels. When answering a novel, the most important thing is to grasp the main idea. The image and language of other inspection sites are all around the theme. We selected several typical articles, concentrated on detailed explanations, and printed the common questions about characters, plots and environment in the novel, as well as the standardized language and skills of answering questions into academic cases for students' reference. In the review process, guide students to get a novel, first clarify the plot, then analyze the characters, and then summarize the theme of the novel. We review practical texts from biographies, news, investigation reports and interviews. We give priority to biographies and give consideration to others. Through several mock exams and peacetime tests, we found that the common reasons for students' losing points in the application text are as follows:
① Ignoring the author's emotion, attitude and value orientation;
② The answer interval is unclear and the thinking is unclear;
3. Discard words and focus on personal experience;
The answer is not hierarchical, and the thinking is not comprehensive and in-depth.
Based on this, we guide students to follow the general principles of practical text problem solving:
That is, the point of view is the author's (except the question), and the answer is in the original text.
First-level answer: according to the requirements of the stem, select the original sentence and organize it into an answer.
Second-class answer: copy the original text directly.
Third-class answer: Answer in your own words according to your own understanding, completely divorced from the text.
For how to deal with the inquiry problem of 8 points, we have standardized the strategies for students to deal with the inquiry problem:
One of the answering skills: the first sentence of the answer shows your point of view.
The second answer skill: you must prove your point with written materials or related examples (theories).
The review of modern Chinese in college entrance examination is not a blind practice. When preparing for the exam, we sum up all the questions listed in the reading questions in recent years, and carry out special training in different categories, so that students can learn how to quickly find the specified information in the reading text for different questions and find accurate answers. For senior three students, especially those in the sprint stage, the review methods of classification, induction, exploration of laws and special training are bound to get twice the result with half the effort. When doing exercises related to answering modern Chinese reading, we often remind students of the following points:
1, try to answer questions according to scores.
Of course, this is relative, and it is necessary to pay attention to the analysis of the answers given in the college entrance examination questions and the fractional characteristics of their scores. If the test score is only 1-2, then answer it a little; If the test score is above 4 points, you generally need to answer separately. Generally speaking, it is 2 points per point. (or 3 points) Answer the question in points, each point is independent and cannot be written as an inclusion relationship, otherwise the points are equal to no distinction. This will allow the marking teacher to clearly understand your thinking of answering questions, and there will be no missing judgments.
2. According to the score, express the answer with the idea of first opinion and then analysis.
Similar to the previous point, if the test questions give high marks, try to adopt the method of "first analysis". This will enable teachers to quickly grasp the candidates' views. In marking papers, it is not that the more you write, the higher your score. Mainly depends on whether the answer is to the point, because the college entrance examination marking is to give points by grasping points. In this way, even if the later analysis is not in place, the previous point of view is correct, and often better scores can be obtained.
In other words, if you put forward your own point of view, you should make a brief analysis, especially to answer questions with high scores. However, if we only talk about opinions without analysis, teachers will think that students' thinking is not rigorous enough, their cognitive ability is different, and they will not give high marks.
3. Answer the questions in the original words as much as possible.
When answering questions, if the original text has its own related sentences to express information, try to express it in the original sentences. Even if there is a word limit, it should be summarized in words that can load the information of the article, which is the key basis for grading. At the same time, it doesn't take long to sort out the answers. Even if you ask for a summary answer in your own words, you can follow the above principles.
4. Know whether the answer needs to be expanded.
Many students don't understand when to answer questions and when there is no need to expand. In general, judging by the scores given to the test questions is actually a good method. Of course, it is a test with higher scores. In addition, it depends on what type of test questions belong to.
5. Abandon the consciousness of perfect score and strengthen the consciousness of high score.
It is difficult to get full marks in modern Chinese reading questions. Some teachers always take full marks as the starting point in training and guidance, hoping to answer questions perfectly. In fact, this view is biased. But not pursuing perfect scores does not mean not pursuing high scores. As long as you have an advantage in your own field, you will be one step ahead of others. Therefore, the standard of answering questions is particularly important.
To strengthen the answer in place, generally use point-by-point narrative, try to quote the original text, do not modify it too much, and stop at the point. When answering questions, find out the correct answer points, look at the paragraphs or areas involved in the topic, determine the corresponding sentences, carefully analyze the meaning of each sentence, clarify the relationship between them, try to figure out the context, grasp the key sentences, and then analyze the combination to make an answer.
Poetry appreciation
Appreciation of poetry is a stubborn disease in Chinese for college entrance examination. People who can learn without a teacher can teach themselves, and it is easy to get full marks and high marks. Those who don't have a clue can only get twice the result with half the effort even if they ask about sea tactics. In view of this situation, we did not copy the previous review experience, but explored a new idea to treat this stubborn disease, that is, the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine.
First, Chinese medicine pays attention to the root cause.
The Examination Outline requires the appreciation of ancient poetry. Our review outline is:
1, Classification of Poetry Content 2, Examples of Common Images
3. Examples of language styles. Examples of expression skills
5. Examples of answers
According to the examination syllabus, combined with the actual situation of our school, we have determined the following poetry appreciation review strategies:
1, special breakthrough. Comments are divided into poetry themes, common images and answer paradigms.
Among them, poetry themes can be divided into homesickness poems, object-chanting poems, farewell poems, frontier poems, pastoral poems, in my heart forever poems, nostalgic poems and so on. The theme of poetry is the focus of our review, because generally speaking, the theme of poetry and the poet's emotional tendency will come naturally, and the theme of poetry and the poet's emotion are the lifeblood of poetry appreciation. Therefore, we have made great efforts in this part, carefully selected examples and training questions and strictly implemented them. It laid the foundation for the following special review.
2. Learning plan assistance. The special review of commonly used images is mainly presented in the form of study plan. Our study plan is also very creative. The basic part is summarized according to the classification of flowers, birds, fish, insects, mountains and months, and the improved part is classified according to the theme, such as the common images of farewell poems and homesick poems. This not only saves limited class hours, but also enables students to master the basic knowledge of images to the maximum extent.
3, imperceptibly. The topics of language style and expression skills do not follow the mode of stage review, but are explained in detail, and problems are found and summarized at any time. Due to the continuous training of Grade One and Grade Two, students have mastered common rhetorical devices, such as metaphor and personification, so they focus on the breakthrough of expression skills such as the combination of reality and falsehood, and the distinction of confusing expression skills such as comparison and contrast. Language style mainly allows students to experience the poet's language style, such as Li Bai's unrestrained, Du Fu's depressed and frustrated. These contents are important test sites in themselves and can also be used as examples to analyze other poems.
Second, western medicine pays attention to improvement.
1, standardize the answer paradigm
The answer to the appreciation of Chinese poetry in the college entrance examination pays attention to the answer paradigm, such as asking what kind of artistic conception your poem depicts, but the answer will never give you just one word. The answer to this question is what kind of image constitutes what kind of artistic conception, and finally, what kind of feelings the author expresses in this artistic conception. This is a complete answer. If you answer a word with a tight artistic conception, you may only get one or two points, and students often fall into this trap in the early stage of review. Obviously it is a meeting question, and the answer is not standardized and frequently loses points. Especially after the second mode, we pay more attention to the perfection of the answer paradigm and never lose points in the steps.
2, check the missing in time.
There is no perfect review, only continuous improvement. For example, in the poetry appreciation of the "Three Models" exam, many students' understanding of the author's emotion is biased, mainly because they didn't pay attention to the ending of the poem, so we timely summarized some poems that reflected the author's emotion at the end, such as "Visiting the Ancient in Vietnam" and "From Liuzhou Tower to my four districts of Zhang, Ding, Feng and Lian". Recently, I also wrote a poem about leaving early. The topic is how to describe "early", and the students can't find a breakthrough. I can't think of any expression skills. In fact, the answer is from the perspective of hearing, sight and feeling. The problem is not difficult. Because students have entered the mindset of recent training, there is no way to start. As teachers, we need to check for leaks and fill gaps in time. We should not only give students a fixed answering mode, but also give them a regular thinking mode.
In the review of senior three, we should also pay attention to two points, the continuity of review and the sense of cooperation.
The continuity of review, the review of senior three is not isolated, nor can it be done overnight. Instead, it undertakes the basic work of senior one and senior two, such as notional words, function words, idioms and sick sentences in classical Chinese, including pronunciation, glyphs and punctuation. We have been practicing, explaining and accumulating since the first year of high school.
Consciousness of cooperation: All teachers should unite sincerely and work together with * * *. Achieve six unification. (1) unified data. ② Unified teaching arrangement; ③ Unified teaching content. ④ Unified teaching methods. ⑤ Unified teaching time. ⑥ Unified teaching test. It is necessary to divide the work and cooperate, take turns to be responsible, study the new problems found in the review preparation, and exchange experience in reviewing preparation.
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