Seek the outline of 20 13 college entrance examination new curriculum standard.

20 13 The outline of the new college entrance examination standard came out.

20 13 The National Unified Examination Outline for Enrollment of Colleges and Universities (New Curriculum Standard Edition) has been released. Examination outline is the main basis of the proposition of college entrance examination, which specifies the requirements of college entrance examination questions from the aspects of examination paper structure, examination content and requirements.

Chinese: Writing should have original opinions.

Examination outline change

Compared with the outline of 20 12, the Chinese subject of the national college entrance examination in the standard version of the new curriculum has not changed. This shows that this year's Chinese test paper structure and test paper setting will follow the style of the new national college entrance examination standard test paper in the past three years, and this year's college entrance examination Chinese test paper will continue to maintain a stable trend.

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20 12 curriculum standard volume changes the reading of discussion text from social science articles that have been examined to natural science articles. It is recommended that candidates take both into account this year and should not be biased when reviewing. It is suggested that candidates should not only read more articles on literature, history, culture and education, but also pay attention to articles on natural science and technology.

Judging from the reading of college entrance examination poems in recent years, emotional examination is the foundation and the normal state. Judging from the choice of theme content of poetry, many works express their feelings by writing scenery and borrowing things. The types and quantity of questions are fixed, and there are two questions *** 1 1. The college entrance examination mainly examines the language, image, artistic conception, characters, themes, thoughts and feelings, artistic techniques and so on of poetry. Candidates are advised to practice "both internal and external training", read more articles on poetry appreciation and do some typical exercises.

Reading questions will still be examined by literary text reading and practical text reading. The literary text of the new curriculum standard volume has been a novel for three years, and the practical text has always been a biography. 20 10's Father of Hybrid Rice, 201/kloc-0's Writing Without Teachers' Nature, and 20 12's Honesty and Truth of Xie Xide are all biographies, all of which focus on analyzing the causes of characters' behavior, evaluating their quality and value, and focusing on investigation and summary. However, the review of papers, interviews with people and news reports cannot be abandoned.

Throughout recent years, most college entrance examination compositions pay attention to humanistic quality, aiming at cultivating students' excellent moral quality and correct outlook on life and values. Therefore, in addition to accumulating necessary Chinese materials, candidates should also cultivate their own humanistic spirit and have original and novel views on things.

mathematics

Cultivate five abilities

Cultivate two kinds of consciousness

Compared with 20 12, the mathematics subject of the national new curriculum standard college entrance examination "examination outline" has not changed. This year's mathematics college entrance examination will be based on the principle of "paying attention to ability while examining basic knowledge", integrating knowledge, ability and quality, and comprehensively testing the mathematics literacy of candidates. In terms of ability requirements, it focuses on examining candidates' five abilities and two kinds of consciousness.

Five abilities

Spatial Imagination Ability: The question about three views in solid geometry focuses on students' ability to observe, analyze and abstract spatial forms. Judging from the college entrance examination questions in recent years, the three-view questions appear almost every year, and the difficulty is increasing year by year.

Abstract generalization ability: abstraction is to abandon the non-essential attributes of things and reveal their essential attributes; Generalization is a thinking process that distinguishes * * * from attributes that only belong to a certain class. Many college entrance examination questions, especially those that candidates find difficult, are often due to the fact that the written language given in the questions has not been abstractly summarized and has been transformed into corresponding mathematical problems, thus causing certain difficulties to candidates' thinking.

Reasoning and argumentation ability: If you can improve your reasoning and argumentation ability, you may guess the result of proving the fixed point or evaluation domain for the big ending problem of conic curve and derivative, thus providing accurate direction for proving the problem.

Operation solving ability: The operation ability here not only refers to correct operation according to formula rules, but also requires candidates to master certain operation skills. For example, if we can make good use of Vieta's theorem in analytic geometry and emphasize the consciousness of overall application, we can often simplify the operation. If you encounter obstacles in the process of solving problems, you should learn to adjust in time. For example, when solving the derivative problem, the reasonable variation of algebraic expression will get good results.

Data processing ability: This ability is mainly reflected in statistical cases. In recent years, the examination of statistical probability in college entrance examination questions pays more attention to linking with reality. Candidates should learn to collect, sort out and analyze data and extract useful information from them.

Two kinds of consciousness

Application consciousness: candidates should learn to abstract mathematical problems from real life and solve practical problems by solving mathematical problems.

Innovative consciousness: Judging from the 20 12 college entrance examination mathematics questions, the questions are more flexible, and this flexibility is largely due to innovation. Many questions are familiar to candidates, but once the form is novel, it is more difficult for candidates to do them. Candidates should study some new information problems when preparing for the exam.

In addition, candidates should read the syllabus carefully and make clear which formulas need to be memorized and which ones only need to be applied without memorizing, such as the formulas for the surface area and volume of spheres, prisms, pyramids and tables. Sum-difference formula, sum-difference formula and half-angle formula do not need to be memorized, but need to be deduced by formulas of trigonometric functions of sum and difference. The coefficient formula of linear regression equation only needs to be solved according to the given formula. In addition, it is clearly stated in the syllabus that candidates should pay attention to the relevant theorems of the intersection of conic curves in cones.

L 1: Learn more about western culture.

Examination outline change

Compared with the examination syllabus of 20 12, the English subjects in the national new curriculum standard version of 20 13 have not changed in terms of examination content and requirements, time, score and question quantity. The vocabulary requirement is still about 3,500 (all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may make appropriate adjustments to the vocabulary in the examination instructions according to local actual conditions, but it shall not be less than 2,500 words; At the same time, plans should be made to increase the number to 3500 words in stages and batches within a certain period of time. According to the actual situation of candidates, the vocabulary in the appendix of the exam outline is compressed to about 3000 words as the vocabulary range of the college entrance examination proposition, and individual words with asterisks are added to the proposition, only requiring candidates to know their meaning.

The standards for testing candidates' language abilities (listening, reading comprehension and writing) in the examination syllabus have not changed. The form, structure and reference papers have not changed, which shows that the life system of the 20 13 national curriculum standard version papers will be consistent with the 20 12 national college entrance examination papers on the whole. 20 13 college entrance examination English test still includes four kinds of questions: listening, English knowledge application, reading comprehension and writing, which respectively examine candidates' mastery and application of basic English knowledge and their English listening, reading and writing abilities.

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Judging from the 20 12 college entrance examination questions, candidates should have a deep understanding of British, American and western cultures. Candidates are advised to read more English original newspapers and carefully summarize the contents related to western culture in the real English test questions in the past three years.

physics

The difficulty of answering multiple-choice questions is reduced

In 20 13, the requirements of the National New Curriculum Standard College Entrance Examination "Examination Outline" are almost the same as those in 20 12, and the specific requirements and mastery of each part of the knowledge in the required and optional examinations have not changed.

Multiple choice questions mean single choice and multiple choice.

There is an important change in the physics questions of the college entrance examination this year, that is, the requirement of "clearly giving single-choice questions and multiple-choice questions in the explanation" has been added to the multiple-choice questions of physics. This requirement reduces the difficulty of answering physics multiple-choice questions, and candidates should effectively use the information indicating whether multiple-choice questions are single-choice questions or multiple-choice questions to optimize the problem-solving strategies of multiple-choice questions. At the same time, this change has also increased the guidance for the second round of preparation review in senior high school physics teaching, that is, the provision of multiple-choice materials should be targeted to help candidates form optimized multiple-choice problem-solving strategies.

Lay a solid foundation and understand the thinking of solving problems

In view of the changes in the syllabus of physics college entrance examination, candidates should focus on the basic knowledge, spend time understanding the basic problem-solving ideas in textbooks and exercises, thoroughly understand the basic physical model and consolidate the physical foundation. Candidates should pay special attention to the cultivation of good problem-solving habits and norms, reduce some unnecessary points and improve the scoring rate.

chemistry

Examples of attaching importance to change

The objectives and requirements of the national new curriculum standard "Examination Outline" 20 13 are completely consistent with those of 20 12, which also shows that the chemistry test questions will maintain continuity and stability.

Pay attention to the changes of sample questions in the outline

Almost every year, the chemistry sample questions will absorb the excellent questions from all over the country in the previous year to adjust the sample questions, and this year is no exception. Compared with 20 12, this year's example 7 is replaced by 27 in 20 12, 8 by 26 in 20 1 1, and1by 20/kloc.

Choose the examination module as soon as possible.

The chemistry test questions provide three modules for candidates to choose from. From the analysis of test questions, we can see the difficulty differences of different modules. From the point of view of time and cost, the choice of examination module should be made before the examination.

Make full use of college entrance examination questions

Candidates should find the propositional ideas and test points of propositional personnel in the process of studying previous examination questions; It is an important task in the sprint stage to sum up and sort out the previous college entrance examination questions and form a ladder idea and model.

biology

Individual knowledge points have been fine-tuned.

Compared with 20 12, there are some fine-tuning knowledge points in the biology subject of the national new curriculum standard college entrance examination "examination outline"

More obvious exocytosis

"The way of substance entering the cell" has become "the way of substance entering and leaving the cell", in which both entry and exit include transmembrane and non-transmembrane. Since the "access" has been changed, exocytosis represented by secreted proteins in the original test center is still the content of the test, even more prominent. Candidates should pay more attention to this knowledge when reviewing, and do more expansion in time.

Understand the connection between common sense and theory.

"The relationship between cell senescence and apoptosis and human health" was changed to "the relationship between cell senescence and apoptosis and human health". The difference is that the emphasis is put back on the original investigation of aging characteristics, the causes of apoptosis, the difference between apoptosis and necrosis, and the relationship between aging and apoptosis and human health. In addition to making candidates pay attention to health and care for themselves, they are also required to understand the close relationship between these common sense of life and biological theory knowledge.

"Other plant hormones" need to be popularized.

The inspection requirements for "other plant hormones" have been raised from ""to "". It shows that candidates' requirements for this part of knowledge points should not stay on the surface of knowledge, but should be expanded to deepen their understanding of various plant hormones.

"Ecological environment" has been expanded to "environment"

The difference between "global ecological environmental problems" and "global environmental problems" is that the scope of the environment is wider than the ecological environment, including social environments such as cities, rural areas and industrial and mining areas. It further strengthens the connection between nature and society, and requires candidates to learn to explain and solve some social and environmental problems with natural laws, so candidates should pay attention to this training when reviewing.

Politics: Focus on the ability to solve practical problems.

Examination outline change

The examination objectives, requirements and scope of political subjects in the national standard version of the new curriculum in 20 13 are the same as those in 20 12, and the structure, types and scores of examination questions in the examination syllabus in recent two years are basically the same. This means that 20 13 political college entrance examination questions may continue the examination pattern and style of 20 12.

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In recent years, the proposition of college entrance examination is "the topic is outside the book, and the reason is in the book". 20 12 college entrance examination political science questions, based on basic knowledge, focus on examining the rationality, comprehensiveness and hierarchy of students' ability structure. 20 13 The selection of the propositional materials for senior high school new curriculum college entrance examination embodies the life and times, and pays attention to the ability to solve practical problems in real life. It is intended to cultivate candidates' ability to identify the essence of things and explore the causes of phenomena, and then help them make correct value judgments and behavior choices. Candidates should focus on mastering the main knowledge, build a knowledge system, and review some hot issues in real life, such as college students' employment, the phenomenon of "uncles and sisters", aerospace, environmental protection and so on.

Candidates should grasp the actors, knowledge scope and specific questions involved in the information in the question, and answer the questions according to these explanations or qualifiers in the question; The acquisition and interpretation of material information should pay attention to the presentation characteristics of different materials, such as case materials, introduction materials and graphic materials. Different ways of presenting information will lead to different ways of interpretation. The interpretation of option information depends on the right or wrong of the option itself, the directionality and the relationship between the options to decide the choice of options.

History: mastering the main knowledge and improving the ability of information interpretation

Examination outline change

Compared with the 20 12 year examination syllabus, the history subject of the national new curriculum standard version in 20 13 year has not changed much, which shows that the history subject proposition of the college entrance examination in our province will remain stable in 20 13 year. The structure of the test paper and the general proposition of highlighting the main knowledge remain unchanged; Strengthen students' ability to study historical materials, and rebuild the knowledge system based on historical materials and learned knowledge.

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Candidates should master basic and backbone knowledge and be familiar with history textbooks in the next preparation stage. The compulsory course "Course of Political Civilization" focuses on the following knowledge: the characteristics of centralization in ancient times, the characteristics of democracy in Athens, representative democracy in Britain, France and the United States, and the influence of modern western civilization on China. The course of economic growth: the characteristics of ancient economic structure, the monetary economy in commodity economy, the changes of modern economic structure and its influence on China's ideological and political modernization, the industrial revolution, the changes of modern economic policies, and the economic construction of new China. Compulsory 3 "Spiritual Civilization" Modernization of Confucianism, Western Humanism and China Thought in the evolution of China's traditional mainstream thoughts. Candidates should, according to the examination scope stipulated in the examination syllabus, adopt the style of chronicle, break through the horizontal joints of textbooks, reorganize textbooks, and form a clear understanding of the historical characteristics of the same historical stage.

In recent years, the reading volume of history questions in Heilongjiang papers is increasing, and candidates should improve their ability to obtain and interpret information through intensive training in the review process.

Geography: We will focus on various "drawing abilities"

Examination outline change

Compared with last year's Examination Outline, the geography subjects in the 20 13 National New Curriculum Standard Edition have slightly changed: it is emphasized that "the college entrance examination should have high reliability, validity, necessary discrimination and appropriate difficulty". In "Appraisal Objectives and Requirements", three different levels of 20 12 were deleted; After "being able to describe geographical concepts, characteristics, distribution, development and changes of geographical things with concise written language, graphic language or other expressions", an introduction to the basic principles and laws of geography was added; In "can put forward necessary arguments to demonstrate and solve geographical problems", delete "can reflect correct feelings, attitudes and values"; In the "Examination Scope and Requirements", "Part IV, namely, Earth and Map, World Geography, and Geography Curriculum Content in Compulsory Education in China" was deleted, and sample questions were deleted.

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Candidates should avoid paying too much attention to the scope and requirements of the [Weibo] exam in the syllabus while ignoring the ability requirements in the syllabus. At this stage, candidates should focus on special review, strengthen the reorganization, refining, processing and sublimation of knowledge, and do some targeted training for weak points, blank points, combination points and important and difficult points in learning. Pay attention to the classification, arrangement and extension of similar problems. Personal ability should be targeted training, with few topics and emphasis on typicality and pertinence.

We should carefully read all kinds of maps (coordinate statistical map, contour map, schematic map, landscape map, regional map, administrative map, etc.). ), especially maps in textbooks, master the methods and skills of reading maps, attach importance to the organic connection and mutual transformation between maps, charts and graphs, train the ability to extract information from maps, and improve the ability to read, fill, draw, use and analyze maps.