Analysis of the important role and significance of tourism development

With the development of society, tourism has become one of the strongest and largest industries in the global economy. The development of tourism plays an important role in promoting the development of relevant departments of the national economy. The following is my analysis of the important role of tourism development. Welcome to read and refer to it!

Analysis of the important role of tourism development: "Talking about the important role of tourism development"

Foreword

With the advent of the era of mass tourism, tourism has increasingly become a major lifestyle and social and economic activity in modern human society. With its strong momentum, tourism has become the most dynamic industry in the global economy. Sunrise Industry?. With the continuous development of social productivity, the continuous improvement of labor productivity, and the rapid improvement of people's living standards and the increase of paid holidays, the tourism industry will continue to develop at a high speed and become one of the most important economic sectors in the world. It is predicted that in the next 10 years, my country's tourism industry will maintain an average annual growth rate of 10.4%, of which personal tourism consumption will grow at an average annual rate of 9.8%, and corporate and government tourism consumption will grow at an average annual rate of 10.9%; by 2010, my country's Total tourism revenue will account for 8% of GDP; by 2020, China will become the world's largest tourist destination and the fourth largest source of tourists. As one of the emerging consumer hotspot industries, the tourism industry will usher in huge development opportunities in our country. Many provinces, regions and important cities have developed tourism as a pillar industry and a key industry.

1. The concept of tourism

There are various definitions of tourism at home and abroad. Some experts, scholars and research institutions define it from communication, flow, destination, time, mutual relationship, Tourism is defined from different perspectives such as lifestyle. German Mongen Roeder pointed out in 1927 that tourism is understood in a narrow sense as those who temporarily leave their place of residence in order to meet the needs of life and culture, or various desires, and stay as consumers of economic and cultural goods. Interactions with people in foreign places. Swiss scholars Hanwucker and Krapf defined tourism in 1942, believing that tourism is a social phenomenon and the sum of social relations caused by the travel and temporary residence of non-residents. These people will not stay permanently and mainly Do not engage in money-making activities. This definition was adopted by the International Federation of Tourism Science Experts in the 1970s and has become a generally accepted definition internationally.

In the 1950s, the Tourism Research Institute of the Vienna University of Economics in Austria pointed out that tourism can be understood as an activity of people who are temporarily in a different place in their free time, mainly for self-cultivation; secondly for education and expansion. Travel for intellectual and social reasons; then to participate in this or that organizational activity, as well as to change related relationships and roles. Burkart and Metlack of the United Kingdom pointed out in 1974 that tourism occurs when people go to and stay in various tourist destinations. It is when people leave the place where they usually live and work to travel to a tourist destination for a short period of time and stay there. Various activities in the place. Burt McIntosh and Chassie Kent Gerbert of the University of Michigan pointed out in 1980 that tourism can be defined as the process of attracting and receiving tourism and its visitors due to tourists, tourism companies, host governments, etc. The sum total of all phenomena and relationships arising from the interaction with residents of the host area.

Chinese economist Yu Guangyuan pointed out in 1985 that tourism is a short-term special lifestyle for residents in modern society. This lifestyle has the characteristics of being remote, amateur and enjoyable. The World Tourism Organization stipulates: Tourism refers to activities in which people leave their usual environment and visit other places for leisure, business or other purposes, with a continuous stay of not more than one year. On the basis of this definition, these persons engaged in tourist activities do not lead to settlement and employment in tourist destinations. The fundamental purpose of tourism is to participate in aesthetic, entertainment and social interaction activities; the social attributes and development characteristics of tourism determine that it is a high-level entertainment activity for people to experience the political, cultural and economic life of a foreign place, and has become an indispensable part of people's social life. It is an indispensable form of advanced needs; these people engaged in tourism activities will not lead to settlement and employment in tourist destinations; tourism has its own characteristics of foreignness, mobility and temporary nature.

2. The concept of tourism

Tourism is an industry that provides travel services to tourists based on tourism resources and tourism facilities. It is a comprehensive economic undertaking whose composition involves many sectors of society. Its basic economic activities consist of three major sectors: travel agencies, tourist hotels and tourism transportation. In addition, there are retail enterprises selling tourism products, garden facilities, cultural entertainment and public utilities that serve tourists. Tourism resources, tourism facilities and tourism services are the three major elements for the survival and development of the tourism industry. Tourism resources include natural scenery, historical monuments, revolutionary sites, construction achievements, ethnic customs, etc., which are the attraction ability of operating tourism; tourism facilities include tourism transportation facilities, tourism accommodation facilities, tourism catering facilities, tourism recreational facilities, etc.; tourism services include Various labor and management behaviors; the combination of tourism facilities and tourism services is the reception capacity for operating the tourism industry. The tourism industry in a narrow sense in China mainly refers to industries such as travel agencies, tourist hotels, tourist vehicle and ship companies, and tourism businesses that specialize in the purchase and sale of tourism commodities. The tourism industry in a broad sense includes all walks of life related to tourism, in addition to departments specializing in tourism business.

In terms of business types, the tourism industry includes three types: one is domestic tourism that organizes domestic tourists to carry out travel and sightseeing activities in the country; the other is outbound tourism that organizes domestic tourists to carry out travel and sightseeing activities abroad; and the third is outbound tourism. It is inbound tourism that receives or solicits foreigners to travel to the country for travel and sightseeing activities. The latter two types of tourism business activities are foreign-related businesses. The tourism industry mainly provides intangible utility to society through the form of labor services to meet the consumption needs of tourists for travel and sightseeing. Its basic characteristics of the industry are non-productive, also known as smoke-free industry. The tourism industry as a whole is not an economic sector that realizes commodity circulation, but relies on tourism resources and uses tourism facilities to provide food, accommodation, transportation, travel, shopping, entertainment and other labor services to meet the needs of tourists for travel and consumption. Therefore, it is also called invisible trade.

3. The role of tourism in economic and social development

With the development of society, tourism has become one of the most powerful and largest industries in the global economy. , increasingly highlighting its important position in the national economy. The development of tourism is based on and restricted by the development level of the entire national economy. At the same time, it directly or indirectly promotes the development of relevant departments of the national economy. The development of tourism has obvious economic and social benefits. It can promote the adjustment and optimization of my country's industrial structure, provide a large number of employment opportunities for the society, improve people's material and cultural living standards, enhance international exchanges while promoting investment, and accelerate the new socialist countryside. construction pace, and promote the coordinated development of economy, environment and society.

(1) Increase capital accumulation and foreign exchange earnings

The development of domestic tourism will help broaden the channels for currency withdrawals, accelerate the speed of currency recovery, and expand the amount of currency withdrawals, so it can accelerate Capital turnover increases capital accumulation and national income, creating a solid material foundation and providing rare management experience for the development of international tourism. Developing international tourism can increase foreign exchange income. Tourists must come to the places where tourism products are produced for consumption, which saves transportation, warehousing, insurance and other costs in the process of commodity foreign trade and reduces exchange costs; tourism exports are not subject to the source country or It is not subject to the restrictions of regional trade protection and is not affected by tariffs; the tourism industry is convenient for earning foreign exchange and does not require product packaging, storage and transportation and other complicated import and export procedures.

(2) Provide a large number of employment opportunities for the society

Tourism is a comprehensive economic industry involving many related industries in society, including transportation, construction, communications, trade, and catering services , cultural entertainment and other industries. Tourism is also a labor-intensive industry with low employment thresholds, wide employment scope, and multiple employment levels. It has absorbed a large number of newly added labor forces due to natural population growth and a large number of surplus labor forces transferred from the primary and secondary industries due to industrial structure adjustment and upgrading. . The development of tourism can increase the flow of people, logistics, capital and information within the region, so the development of tourism can provide a large number of employment opportunities for the society. According to the system model theory of Canadian scholars, every US$30,000 increase in tourism revenue will increase 1 direct employment opportunity and 2.5 indirect employment opportunities.

The World Tourism Organization research report also pointed out that for every additional employee in the tourism industry, there will be 5 additional job opportunities in related industries.

(3) Promote the adjustment and optimization of my country’s industrial structure

In my country, consolidating the primary industry, improving the secondary industry, and developing the tertiary industry are the overall arrangements and ideas for economic structural adjustment. . Tourism is a comprehensive industry that has a very prominent driving role and plays a core role in driving the development of other industries. It not only directly brings customers to aviation, transportation, hotels, catering services, commercial outlets, scenic spots, classics, etc. and market, and indirectly drives and affects the development of rural and urban construction, processing and manufacturing, culture and sports and other industries. The development of tourism will increase the proportion of tourism in the tertiary industry, which is conducive to the adjustment of the internal structure of the tertiary industry; at the same time, it will also increase the proportion of the tertiary industry in the entire national economy and speed up the structure of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries. adjustments to promote the healthy development of our country’s national economy. The success of my country's industrial structure adjustment in the new era depends on the rapid development of tourism.

(4) Improve people’s material and cultural living standards

Since a large number of local residents are engaged in tourism or related industries, the income of individuals and families has greatly increased; on the other hand, the development of tourism It has promoted facility construction and environmental improvement, and the quality of life of residents has been continuously improved, and the living environment has been continuously improved. The visit of a large number of tourists and the large number of outings of urban citizens have broadened their horizons, enriched their knowledge of geography, literature, history, customs and folk customs, and raised their requirements for life. The development of tourism often brings about the improvement of the quality and cultural literacy of urban residents. As a practical activity, the development of tourism can meet the growing cultural needs of the people, and will play a positive role in promoting national culture and improving the quality of national civilization.

(5) Accelerate the pace of building a new socialist countryside

The National Tourism Administration’s tourism promotion theme in 2006 is "2006 China Rural Tourism", and proposes "New Countryside, New Tourism" , new experience, new fashion? The clear slogan. This has brought new opportunities for the development of rural tourism in my country. The service personnel employed in rural tourist spots mainly come from family members and local residents. While operating tourism services, they actively promote flowers, fruit and crop products, which not only reduces business risks, but also increases the additional benefits of crops. While developing rural tourism, we will accelerate the pace of small town construction, actively carry out village-to-village road construction and road construction in tourist areas, and environmental improvement activities in village communities. Rural tourism focusing on farmhouse entertainment has played an important role in broadening farmers' income channels, increasing farmers' employment opportunities and improving rural spiritual civilization. It has promoted farmers' transformation into non-agricultural fields, accelerated the transformation of traditional rural planting economy into service economy, and promoted The process of building a new socialist countryside.

(6) Improve the investment environment and promote investment attraction

Many foreign investors learn about China, China’s investment environment, rich tourism resources and potential tourism through tourism. market. The publicity effect ratio of tourism is 1:8, that is, one tourist's impression of the local area can affect 8 people. The tourism industry is generally not subject to trade barriers and export quotas. Therefore, tourism is generally considered to be the best export industry internationally. The development of tourism can bring a large flow of people, logistics, information and capital. A large number of entrepreneurs, experts and scholars have brought the latest technology, information and advanced business management concepts through tourism, which is conducive to our low-cost learning and learn from other people’s useful things, accelerate the updating of concepts, and promote the region’s wider opening to the outside world and its integration with international standards. According to incomplete statistics, from 1978 to the present, the country's use of foreign capital for tourism development and construction has exceeded US$20 billion, of which US$15 billion has been used for the construction of tourist hotels and US$2 billion for the construction of tourist landscapes. Tourism Development Chapter 1: "Analysis on the Current Situation of Tourism B2B Development"

Abstract: With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people no longer choose to stay at home after work, and traveling has become a common hobbies of people. With the rapid growth in the number of tourists, not only offline tourism is crowded with people, but online tourism is also extremely popular. In recent years, people have become increasingly dissatisfied with the quality of tourism services.

Therefore, many investors have seen a new business opportunity - the development of a tourism e-commerce B2B platform. So, what exactly is a B2B platform used for? Simply put, B2B is generally engaged in two aspects of work: the first is communication as a tourism enterprise The platform realizes the sharing of information, manages the information system and provides corresponding management services at the same time; the second is as a platform for tourism enterprises to conduct transactions with tourists, which is to provide traditional online tourism services. The tourism B2B platform is an extension of traditional online tourism to add luster to travel routes and better serve tourists.

Keywords: tourism; B2B platform; development status; analysis

Tourism business B2B platform refers to a third-party enterprise platform that promotes tourism e-commerce trade by registering as a member Provide e-commerce services. At present, domestic B2B is occupied by leading industry websites such as Travel Interchange, Octopus Online Travel, and Yiyou.com. Members of these websites use the network communication functions of the modern Internet to achieve seamless connections between suppliers and dealers and solve It can not only better serve tourists, but also build new bridges within the tourism industry, greatly promoting the prosperity of the tourism industry.

1. The development of B2B tourism in my country

1. Main domestic tourism B2B websites

Although the domestic tourism B2B platform started late, Thanks to the rapid development of domestic tourism, it has developed rapidly in the clear direction of meeting market demand. Now it has basically achieved the goal of meeting market demand. The largest tourism B2B platform in China is the Octopus Online Travel B2B trading platform. It was established at the end of 2011. It is the first professional B2B website in China. It has received great support from the majority of users as soon as it was launched. After several years of development, The business scope has been continuously enriched. Now, Octopus Online Travel has basically been built into an all-in-one online travel service covering domestic long- and short-term travel, outbound travel, self-driving travel, self-guided travel, full coverage of travel modes, attraction tickets, accommodation and leisure, etc. Travel distribution platform. At the same time, we have cooperative relationships with all large domestic travel agencies, and have established tens of thousands of online travel product lines at home and abroad; in terms of cooperation with suppliers, there are thousands of large-scale suppliers at home and abroad The business has a wide range of tourist souvenirs to meet the needs of various consumers; it has also made certain changes in business expansion, and has realized the trusteeship of tourism services including visa processing. It has concentrated more than 5,000 employees in advantageous industries such as administration, sales, and media. Home distribution terminal has covered nearly half of the tourist routes. In addition, Octopus Online Travel has also concentrated its superior resources to build domestically advanced terminals in popular tourist cities such as Qingdao and Hangzhou. As the first e-tourism B2B platform, it has broken the stereotype of outdated tourism methods, broken through bottlenecks, and created a new model of online tourism, which is of great significance in promoting the informatization, efficiency, and internationalization of tourism.

After the successful operation of the Octopus Online Travel B2B travel trading platform, many domestic investment websites have also seen new business opportunities, the most representative of which is Travel.com. The development of Lvjiao.com is even more successful than that of Octopus Online Travel, because Lvjiao.com has summarized the shortcomings of the latter and learned from its successful experience, so it has developed rapidly. At present, it has become the first domestic similar tourism B2B network platform. With its leading position, Lvjiao.com takes the humanized management and service concept of "putting above passengers" as its starting point, which has a strong appeal to customers. It also employs professional online service personnel to solve problems for members. The business scope of Lvjiao.com basically covers all the advantages of Octopus Online Travel. Combining the latest modern computer science technology and standard software design, Lvjiao.com is enough to make Lvjiao.com stand out among the others with a market share of nearly 70%.

As far as domestic tourism e-commerce B2B trading platforms are concerned, we have to mention Yiyou.com as a rising star. From the beginning of its design, Yiyou.com has integrated innovative service concepts into online travel. It has been continuously exploring and advancing with the times for many years since its establishment. It is currently the most information-based B2B trading platform in China. It not only realizes the vertical development of the tourism product distribution system, but also shows a horizontal trend of radiating development.

Through the continuous efforts of scientific researchers, Yiyou.com has achieved maple results in its high-end B2B trading platform. The first domestic B2B distribution system for travel and vacation products independently designed by Yiyou.com's technical team won the China Tourism Industry Awards in 2012. At the B2B Platform Awards Ceremony, it won the "China's Best B2B Trading Platform Award" and many other awards in one fell swoop, causing a strong "Yiyou.com storm" in the domestic B2B industry. Although the current B2B trading platform of Yiyou.com is slightly insufficient in terms of market share, Yiyou.com is the fastest growing. I believe that in the future, Travel Interchange will no longer be the dominant player.

2. The main operating methods of the B2B trading platform in the tourism industry

First of all, the platform transaction matching represented by Travel Interchange has broad market prospects. The Travel Interchange B2B trading platform always follows national policies. As a starting point, keep up with the pace of the times and actively match transactions on the platform. The second is the product-driven type represented by Octopus Online Travel. The advantage of this type of B2B trading platform is that it has richer tourism resources and allows tourists to enjoy more services. However, in comparison, the price is slightly higher. of. There is also a technology-driven type represented by Yiyou.com. The technological advantages are insurmountable. If members’ awareness level reaches a certain level, they will generally choose a technology-driven B2B trading platform.

3. The regionalization phenomenon of tourism B2B trading platform

If you want to be a comprehensive tourism B2B trading platform, the problem you have to face is how to solve regional problems. This is a rather embarrassing question. Because there are many B2B trading platforms that achieved good results during trial runs in a certain city, but paid a heavy price in subsequent cross-regional promotions. Especially in a country with a vast territory like China, the actual situation in different regions is very different. It is very risky to build a B2B trading platform across regions. Therefore, it is very important to conduct repeated research in advance and analyze market details scientifically and systematically. It is necessary.

2. Feasibility analysis of developing B2B trading platform in tourism industry

1. The era of individual travelers is the era of B2B take-off

As far as China’s tourism industry is concerned , 2013 is a watershed, because China promulgated and implemented the "Tourism Law" in 2013, which has great significance in changing the way tourists travel. Affected by the changing trend of the tourist market, a large number of tourists will prefer individual travel and independent travel. This has indeed brought a big blow to the traditional travel agency guided group travel, and the bullying of tour guides is often exposed. The customer scandal has made tourists more inclined to the new model of online travel. The B2B trading platform in the tourism industry is widely praised for its rich tourism products and low prices. With the great satisfaction of people's material life, it has subtly changed tourists' perspectives and purchasing standards for tourism products. This series of changes has brought adults into the era of individual customers where B2B trading platforms are capable of taking off.

2. A large amount of funds support the development of B2B

After the reform and opening up, the country has been vigorously supporting the development of tourism, especially after entering the Internet era, the tourism B2B trading platform has brought Come to a new online travel model that tourists love. Investors should decisively invest in B2B platforms whose market prospects continue to rise in order to seek good market returns. According to reliable data, Octopus Online Travel received an investment of 150 million from Jiayu Fund and Softbank China in November 2013 when it first started. Since then, the Octopus online travel B2B trading platform has been launched out of control. Recently, the chairman of Jiayu Fund, an investor in Octopus, publicly stated that the current Octopus online travel market value has exceeded 100 billion and continues to rise. .

3. Shortcomings of B2B trading platforms in the tourism industry

The first problem faced is that intermediary service websites do not have enough strength to reasonably integrate tourism resources. Although many B2B trading platforms are basically A multi-in-one one-stop tourism has been realized. However, due to the influence of market competition, tourism resources cannot be fully utilized, and there is a serious waste of resources. Secondly, there is the problem of single tourism service items. Basically, all B2B trading platforms provide similar services, without distinctive characteristics, and are not attractive enough to tourists.

The third is the need to continue to deepen the process of information reform of tourism enterprises, take advantage of the Internet era, share information in a timely and effective manner, and implement the development of computer network technology and information management construction.

IV. Conclusion

With the rapid development of domestic tourism and the continuous improvement of information infrastructure, the tourism B2B trading platform will surely reach a new level. Of course, from the perspective of B2B platforms, certain reforms are also needed to better serve tourists on the basis of controlling the tourism market and contribute to the development of China's tourism industry. Although the B2B trading platform has certain development limitations, I believe that the developers of the platform have begun to adjust the direction of development. As tourists, you also need to pay attention to choosing a travel method that suits you and traveling in a civilized way.

References:

[1] Zhang Li. Analysis of existing problems and countermeasures in my country’s tourism e-commerce [J]. East China Economic Management, 2007, (12).

[2] Wu Ning. China’s tourism e-commerce in the information age [M]. Beijing: Social Science Literature Press, 2003.

[3] Cheng Yanjiang. Development trend of my country’s tourism e-commerce Analysis [J]. Jiangsu Business Review, 2007(7). >>>More exciting tourism development papers on the next page?