Enshi: a colorful fairyland with outstanding people.

Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, located in the western border of Hubei and the hinterland of Wuling, has been known as "the throat of Sichuan and Guizhou and the barrier of Jingchu" since ancient times. Wuling is majestic, the Qingjiang River gurgles, and the imprint of hundreds of millions of years engraves the most beautiful scenic promenade in China. There are majestic cliffs and dangerous peaks, winding and clear rivers, secret and legendary customs of the local Miao people, and ancient villages with high and low levels.

Enshi Prefecture, located at 30 north latitude, is known as "the selenium capital of the world, the forest in western Hubei, and the natural oxygen bar". It is rich in tourism selenium resources and profound in national culture. However, in the past, due to traffic congestion, Enshi Prefecture has been "hiding in the boudoir" and has become synonymous with poverty and backwardness. However, the people of Enshi are determined to forge ahead, cutting mountains and chiseling stones, and building bridges to turn the natural moat into a thoroughfare. Now, the traffic is earth-shaking and the road network extends in all directions. The tourist picture scroll slowly unfolds, and the green mountains and green hills become Jinshan Yinshan.

People's Daily Online "Seeing China" merged with the media interview group, and entered colorful Enshi at the end of August to touch the legend, appreciate the customs and feel the great changes in the countryside under the cooperation between the east and the west to help the poor.

A century-long commitment

The winding Dasha River runs through the rolling mountains.

"Create, cross the river", a loud cry, broke the tranquility of the cliff canyon. At one o'clock, the wooden boat set off steadily, and 78-year-old Wan Qizhen shook her paddle and sailed to the other side more than 100 meters away. The calm green water rippled gently.

Dashahe Ferry is located in Lisan Township, Jianshi County, about 70 kilometers east of Enshi city center. Looking down from the top of the mountain, the Dasha River is as green as jade. Who would have thought that in this humble ferry, 14 thousand generations have spent 143 years here.

And this comes from a promise of Wan Qizhen's grandfather Wan Zuozhu. 1877, Wan Zuozhu went to Jianli, Hubei Province, and fled to Dasha River in order to escape military service and floods. Thanks to the tolerance and support of the local people, Wan Zuozhu was able to settle down.

Dashahe village is divided into two by the river, and the fifth and sixth groups face each other across the river. Living on this shore, the field is on the other side. Many villagers have to cross the river several times a day, or they have to take a long detour. Seeing that the traffic is inconvenient, sometimes people fall into the water. Wan Zuozhu decided to sell pigs to build ships and ferry them for free to repay the villagers.

1949, Wan Zuozhu told his children and grandchildren before he died that the boat would not stop for a day and the money would not be collected.

The hour hand points to 1995. Wan Qizhen shouldered the pole and became the fourth ferryman of the third generation of Wanjia.

In the past 30 years, he has traveled day and night, broken countless bamboo poles, changed wooden boats again and again, and added a government-funded stone house on the ferry. A hydropower station was built in the lower reaches of the Dasha River, and the turbulent river stopped its wild and unruly pace.

Ships come and go, day and night. As long as he is not sick, Wan Qizhen has never been absent from work. More than ten years ago, he accidentally slipped and broke his arm. Wan Fangquan, the eldest son who works outside the home, rushed back when he heard the news and picked up a penny to punt. ...

Fifty or sixty times a day. In recent years, the villagers across the river have moved one after another, and now there are only two people left in the family, but the benefits of Wanjia are still persisting. "Even if there is only one person, I will stay here and always ferry." Wan Qizhen said.

Wan Qizhen, the third and fourth ferryman of Wanjia. Su she

Promises are as heavy as mountains, and faith comes first. Every bluestone slab on the ferry has left the footprints of former ferry workers. Li San Township, Jianshi County set up a "century-old Xinyi Ferry" wooden sign here to show its deeds.

In recent years, Wan Qizhen was rated as a moral model in Hubei Province, a national "star of honesty" and the first "Top Ten Honest People in China" ... However, after he came back with his reputation, he was still a ferryman. Wan Qizhen was a little idle, so she took turns to transition with her son.

The promise of an Yidu, after more than 40 years, still shines.

In 20 18, Wan Fangquan also led more than 70 poor villagers to introduce and plant new varieties of sweet potatoes and tried every means to find a way out. With the good reputation of "Xinyi Ferry", sweet potatoes sell well all over the country, and the days of villagers are gradually booming.

"The ferry is to repay kindness and stick to it. It is also a continuation of faith to ferry villagers to get rich. " Wan Fangquan said it.

The peerless elegance of folk palaces

About 200 kilometers west of Dashahe Ferry, there is a story about an old man keeping his promise in Tangyasi Village and Shiliba Township of Xianfeng County.

Xianfeng, the west gate of Hubei Province, is named after the county name, which means "Xianfeng Year". 28 kilometers northwest of the county seat, at the foot of Xuanwu Mountain, beside the Tangya River, the ruins of Tangya Tusi City are hidden in lush forests.

1980, an old man named Chen accepted the arrangement of the cultural relics management department to look after the ruins of Tangya Tusi City. According to their descendants, the initial reward was only 20 yuan, and then 200 yuan every year. Although the income is meager, day after day, rain or shine, cleaning, patrolling, maintaining and explaining. He kept his promise and patrolled the mountains to protect the city until the last moment of his life.

Speaking of toast city, let's talk about toast system first. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, in the southwest ethnic minority areas, the ancient central dynasty appointed local leaders as "chiefs" and ruled the area hereditary. Control foreigners with foreigners, and control foreigners with foreigners. Teaching together is also about customs. During the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, the chieftain system collapsed after the implementation of "changing soil into fluid".

After the founding of New China, Enshi Agency was established in western Hubei, and 1983 established Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in western Hubei, becoming the youngest minority autonomous prefecture in China. 1993 was renamed Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, which governs 2 cities and 6 counties.

Tujia people are said to be descendants of distant Cubans, and Qin is one of the biggest surnames. Tangya Tusi City was the ruling place of Qin Tusi, and * * followed the generation of 18 Tusi 16, which lasted for 38 1 year.

Walking into the ruins, the street walls are clearly identifiable and some buildings are well preserved. Tusi City is an irregular square with a total area of 740,000 square meters, which is 20,000 square meters larger than the Forbidden City in Beijing.

This folk imperial city with 36 courtyards in 3 Street 18 Lane is grand in scale and extraordinary in momentum. There are official offices, prison cells, academies, shooting ranges, zoos and other facilities with clear patterns and complete functions.

Today, there is only ruins here, stretching on several hillsides.

The grass is lush and the trees are dense. Broken walls, the moss is deep. In the Ming Dynasty, stone roads crisscross, Zhang Waishi is a stone horse, and the relief of "fishing and ploughing" on the archway of "Xiongzhen in the south of Beijing" ... The mottled remains of hundreds of years of wind erosion silently tell the glory of the past, which makes people see the mysterious veil of Tusi culture.

On July 4th, 20 15, Tangya Tusi City Site, together with Laosicheng Site in Yongshun, Hunan and Hailongdun Site in Guizhou, China Tusi Site was listed in the World Cultural Heritage List. Therefore, the ruins of Tangya Tusi City have become a world-class cultural card.

Culture is the soul of tourism. "Non-legacy" has become the starting point for Enshi Prefecture to promote the integration of agriculture and tourism, cultural tourism and tourism.

On August 29th, 2020, in Caocun Village, Eastern Xia, Baiyangping Township, Enshi City, gongs and drums were loud and suona was singing. The annual Tujia daughters will dance romantic dances here. Enshi Daughter Association has a history of more than 300 years. It retains the primitive marriage customs of ancient Ba people, and is a festival for young Tujia men and women to pursue love and marriage freedom. It is called "Oriental Valentine's Day".

Tujia daughter will be at the wedding. Photo by Chen Bowen

Today's daughter's party has evolved into a cultural event. This year, the main venue is Caocun, Eastern Xia, with three sub-venues. However, wedding customs, non-legacy displays and other performances are splendid, Enshi Lantern Festival and dulcimer are staged in turn, and the water carnival is bursting with popularity. Tourists from all directions are in an endless stream, and laughter resounds through the valley.

In addition to Tangya Tusi City and Daughter's Club, "Enshi Green Lichuan Red" tea, Lichuan Dragon Boat Tune, Badong Sailor and Xuanen Flower Drum have left a number of "golden business cards", which have stimulated global tourism and helped Enshi to get rid of poverty and develop the cultural tourism industry with high quality.

Tangya Tusi City Site was introduced into the state-owned Enlv Group on 20 19, and Tangya Tusi City Site Tourism Development Co., Ltd. was established. "Tangya Tusi Cultural Industrial Park" is being planned and promoted.

Commentators recalled that, sadly, one year before the successful application for the World Heritage, Grandpa Chen died of illness. Before he died, the old man told Chen Fei not to go out to work, but to stay in the village as a commentator and tell the story of Tangya Tusi City to more people.

In order to apply for the World Heritage, more than 300 people from 92 families, including the elderly, moved from the core area of the site to the resettlement community, from farmers to residents. Now some people start businesses, while others work. Chen Fei became a commentator with a monthly salary of two or three thousand yuan. There are 60 people who work in the site management office like her.

When the relevant departments proposed to restore the site and start the restoration, Xie Yin, a nearby villager who laid stone tablets all the year round, was chosen as the first choice craftsman for the restoration of Tangya Tusi City site.

After successfully applying for the World Heritage, Xie opened a farmhouse and Tujia Inn near the site scenic spot. Unconsciously, Xie's inn has gone through five years. At the end of August, Xie was thinking that the renovation of the inn that was put on hold due to the epidemic would be restarted. Recently, tourists have gradually increased, and farmhouses have to hire more people. Tujia mountain village is recovering its former vitality.

The well-off hope of Camellia Mountain Residence

Speaking of farmhouse music, Ma Su 'e of Bajiaodong Township, Enshi said that by the end of September this year, her Camellia Villa had gone through a full 12 years.

In Gaogongqiao Village, surrounded by green plants and flowers, the antique Camellia Villa in Dongmulou is particularly eye-catching. "I married this village in 2002 wearing rain boots and stepping on the ridge of the field." Ma Sue said with a smile.

This is the hometown of Enshi Youlu tea. But in the past, the roads in the village were impassable, the houses were dilapidated, and the living standards of the villagers were generally low. They live on tea gardens, and their per capita income is less than 2000 yuan.

2007 is an unusual year for Gaogongqiao Village and Ma Su 'e. It is not only the beginning of the village becoming rich, but also the turning point of personal destiny.

In April, Fengxiangpo Dong Village opened, and Ma Su 'e and more than 300 people in the village began to eat "tourist meals". Ma Su 'e also led the establishment of Fengxiangpo Art Troupe to rehearse the original ecological cultural programs reflecting the original ecology of the Dong people. She also constantly explores the establishment of literary and artistic teams such as Lusheng honor guard, Eid al-Fitr welcome team and tea culture performance team, which has become a major attraction for Fengxiangpo to attract tourists. As a tour guide and a music major in a normal school, she found a place to use.

"Wear Dong clothes, pick tea all day, watch a Dong opera and drink a cup of selenium-enriched tea ..." Relying on the unique Dong customs, it has gradually become a rural eco-leisure tourism demonstration village integrating Dong culture, tea culture, special catering services and ecological experience.

More and more tourists come here. Ma Su 'e made up her mind to rebuild her house and take the lead in opening a farmhouse. On September 28th, 2008, Camellia Villa opened.

In 2008, Fengxiangpo Dongzhai Ecological Agriculture Cooperative was established, with Ma Su 'e as the chairman. She became the "leading dancer" of Dongxiang agricultural tourism and cultural industry.

In 20 14, the accumulated tourism income of Gaogongqiao village reached 22.48 million yuan, and the per capita income of farmers reached 7520 yuan. In 20 18, the number of tourists in the village exceeded 1 10,000, and the total tourism revenue exceeded 89.48 million yuan. Today, the per capita income of villagers reaches 18000 yuan. The annual income of Camellia Villa has exceeded 2 million yuan.

On September 28th, 20 17, Masue Camellia Villa opened, just a stone's throw away from Camellia Villa. She once again took the lead in seeking change and realized the transformation and development from farmhouse music to boutique homestay.

Clouds fall, winds rise, watching mountains, listening to rain, light and shadow, Xiaoya ... This is the name of Dongjiamulou "Camellia Mountain Residence". Camellia Mountain House, full of humanistic feelings and rich artistic flavor, has become a famous online person and a window for tourists to experience Dong customs and Enshi culture.

"During the epidemic, when many big hotels could not maintain it, I was particularly busy here." Ma Su 'e said that the epidemic has also changed her business model, from pure offline to online and offline. Through the e-commerce platform, she directly connects with tea enterprises and frequently delivers various special agricultural products. The chic live broadcast room is set at the left-hand entrance of Camellia Villa.

Dozens of kilometers away, another group of people are also busy broadcasting live.

"Enshi Yulu dry tea is green, soup is green, leaves are green ..." In Huazhishan Village, Tunpu Township, Enshi City, 33-year-old Deng Ling walked into the live broadcast room, or tried it on the spot, or showed his talents.

If Ma Su 'e's live broadcast is a spontaneous change in her response to the epidemic, then Deng Ling's live broadcast with goods is a positive practice in Hang Cheng thousands of miles away.

As a demonstration site of poverty alleviation cooperation between the east and the west, Huazhishan has now formed an industry with tea as its main business and parallel culture and tourism. Jianggan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, and Enshi City, Hubei Province decided to build a live broadcast village of online celebrities around Huazhishan to train authentic mountain farmers to be online celebrities.

In July this year, more than 20 farmers, including Deng Ling, began a two-week on-site training, with teachers from Weiya Team, Hangwenguang Group and Alibaba Taobao University.

According to Deng Ling, this training covers more than 10 courses, such as how to be a good e-commerce anchor, how to open a live online shop, how to professionally operate self-media and so on. The content is even refined to how to shoot, how to write a script, and how to interact with fans. They are all practical skills, and the dry goods are full.

With the help of Hangzhou, Huazhishan Village has achieved full coverage of 5GWiFi signals. The two places also introduced incentive policies to encourage tutors to boldly bring "farmers' network celebrities" into the live broadcast room. Now, the three-person live broadcast team led by Deng Ling is busy, starting one live broadcast after another.

According to Yao Honghua, member of the Standing Committee of Enshi Municipal Committee and deputy mayor, in 20 19, through e-commerce marketing, Enshi unsalable selenium-enriched potatoes were successfully put on the market and became an "explosive network celebrity product", creating a record of selling 600,000 Jin of potatoes in a single day. At present, three 10,000 mu poverty alleviation bases have been built in the city, producing more than 0/00 kinds of agricultural products such as tea and millet. Through the cooperation of poverty alleviation between the east and the west, the sales of poverty alleviation reached nearly 60 million yuan, driving the per capita income of farmers to increase by more than 2,000 yuan.

In April 2020, the Hubei provincial government announced that five counties (cities) in Enshi Prefecture, which were assisted by Hangzhou counterparts, had withdrawn from poverty-stricken counties. Since then, Enshi has achieved comprehensive poverty alleviation and opened a new chapter in history.

A Red and Green Selenium Industry

Whether it is Fengxiangpo or the mountain of flowers, Enshi people cannot do without the word tea.

In Enshi Prefecture, almost all places with mountains have tea gardens. Along the winding mountain road, among the misty mountains, there are green tea gardens.

Tea tree is a rich tree for Enshi people. About 40% of farmers' income in Enshi comes from tea every year.

The planting area of Eastern Xia Caocun Tea Garden is 1. 1.00 mu, which drives the output value by about 80 million yuan every year. Eastern Xia Caocun can accommodate 185 villagers by developing characteristic industries and rural tourism.

The 65,438+10,000 mu tea garden in Bajiaodong Township is evergreen all the year round, with an annual output of 8,000 tons of dry tea and an output value of more than 500 million yuan. Tea industry has become a pillar industry of "strengthening the countryside and enriching the people".

April 20 18, "Enshi Yulu" and "Lichuan Red" produced in Enshi Prefecture became the state activity teas, which became a major milestone in the brand building of Enshi selenium tea.

According to the statistics of Enshi Agriculture Bureau, as of September this year, the total area of tea gardens in Quanzhou reached1788,200 mu. The comprehensive output value of Quanzhou tea exceeded 654.38+05 billion yuan, up 654.38+00% year-on-year. There are 800,000 tea farmers in Quanzhou, with a per capita tea income of 5,587 yuan.

Selenium-enriched tea is just a microcosm of Enshi selenium industry.

Enshi has the only independent selenium deposit in the world, and the soil with medium selenium content accounts for 95% of the total land area of the whole state. According to expert research, the main function of selenium is to improve immunity, anti-aging and anti-oxidation, which has a very good effect on heart maintenance and health care, so it is called longevity element. In 20 15, the average life expectancy of Enshi residents was 80.64 years, which was higher than the national average in 20 15.

Take Enshi as an example. After years of efforts, five standardized production bases of selenium-enriched agricultural products have been built in the city, with selenium-enriched tea bases, selenium-enriched alpine vegetables bases, selenium-enriched Chinese medicinal materials bases and selenium-enriched grain and oil bases reaching 470,000 mu, and selenium-enriched livestock and poultry bases reaching 200,000 heads and 300,000 feathers respectively.

In 20 19, the total output value of selenium industry in Enshi prefecture reached 63.4438+0 billion yuan.

China is blessed with mountains and rivers. In fact, good mountains, good waters and good products have always been there. Enshi, deep in the mountains, has been trapped by roads, goods in the mountains can't get out, tourists outside can't get in, and it has been in a state of poverty and backwardness for a long time.

At the beginning of reform and opening up, most villagers walked out of the mountains with their shoulders on their backs; By the end of the 20th century, there were only 365, 438+08 and 209 national highways in Enshi, which were also affected by mudslides and landslides.

On June 5438+February, 2009, the entire line of Shanghai-Chongqing Expressway was put into trial operation, and Enshi ended the history of no expressway.

The opening of 20 10 12 Yiwan Railway ended the history of no railway in Enshi.

On July 16, 2020, Xuanhe Expressway was opened to connect with the whole country, marking the realization of "county-to-county expressway" in Enshi Prefecture.

Expressway and railway not only connect mountains and rivers, but also plug wings for the economic take-off in mountainous areas and become beautiful landscapes. Cliff stone wall-hung highway, Siduhe Bridge, Baye Highway ... are magical or steep, or dreamy or magnificent, so breathtaking that they are popular on the Internet.

Tan, a villager in Yingshang, Enshi City, was impressed by the inconvenient transportation in the past, and it took a long time to go to the county seat. The family is poor. After graduating from junior high school, she went to Guangdong to work and even borrowed the travel expenses. In 2006, after hearing the news of the opening of Enshi Grand Canyon scenic spot at home, she returned to her hometown, was admitted as a tour guide and worked at home. Through unremitting efforts, she has become a model worker in the national tourism system. Now she has set up a tour guide group for Tujia girls, 1 1 person. Everyone earns more than 3,000 yuan a month, plus "five insurances and one gold", and their life is rich and stable.

Enshi Grand Canyon, located at the junction of Hunan, Chongqing and Hubei provinces, is located at the mysterious 30 degrees north latitude. In the canyon, there are 10,000-meter cliff galleries, thousands of waterfalls, hundreds of single towers and miles of deep valleys, which amaze the world with its magnificent and beautiful world geological wonders. It is called "Natural Museum of Karst Landforms".

In August, 2004, the Sino-French joint expedition came to Enshi. Among the mountains, a beautiful grand canyon named "Enshi Grand Canyon" was accidentally discovered.

Enshi grand canyon. Photo by Ceng Zhiqiang

Enshi Grand Canyon is 49 kilometers from Enshi City and 39 kilometers from Lichuan City. According to reports, it is one of the birthplaces of Oriental Valentine's Day-Tujia Romantic Daughters' Club, the location of the live-action musical Dragon Boat Song in the Grand Canyon, and the location of the beautiful scar on the earth-the fissure in Yunlong, which has been rated as one of the 40 most beautiful scenic spots in China by foreign media, and the location of Yi Township, which is known as "the world geological wonder and the Oriental Colorado".

According to Hubei Daily, during the first May Day after the opening of the Shanghai-Chongqing Expressway, the 20 10/0 km road leading to Enshi Grand Canyon was densely packed with coaches. In this 5A-level scenic spot, the number of tourists soared from 300,000 before the opening of the expressway in 2008 to more than 2 million in 20 19.

Lichuan Tenglong Cave, Suobuya Stone Forest, Qingjiang Butterfly Cliff, Shennong River Drifting ... Rich tourism resources attract tourists from all directions. Statistics show that the number of tourists received in Enshi increased from 6.63 million in 2009 to 201177100000 in 2009, and the comprehensive tourism income reached 53.045 billion yuan. Tourism directly drives 65,438+10,000 local people to find jobs and indirectly drives 400,000 people out of poverty.

Green mountains and green hills have become Jinshan Yinshan. Unique landscape, unique healthy environment and unique national culture make colorful Enshi the most beautiful back garden in China.