How to relieve the pain in the late stage of liver cancer and how to relieve the swelling pain in the patient's stomach?

Liver cancer 1. Liver cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China, with a high mortality rate, ranking third after gastric cancer and esophageal cancer in the death order of malignant tumors. In some rural areas, it ranks second only to gastric cancer. About 1 10000 people die of liver cancer every year in China, accounting for 45% of the world's liver cancer deaths. The long-term effect of early diagnosis and resection of subclinical liver cancer is particularly significant because the high-risk population is monitored by AFP detection and ultrasound imaging. Combined with active comprehensive treatment, the five-year survival rate of liver cancer is obviously improved. Second, early treatment is the most important factor to improve the prognosis of liver cancer. Early liver cancer should be surgically removed as far as possible, and large liver cancer that cannot be removed can also be treated with multi-mode comprehensive treatment. The patient belongs to the postoperative rehabilitation period. The treatment during the recovery period is also particularly important. Because of the high probability of recurrence and metastasis, the residual cancer cells after operation will metastasize to various parts from time to time. Therefore, postoperative consolidation should be strengthened to prevent recurrence and metastasis, and western medicine should be used for symptomatic treatment, and biological immunity and traditional Chinese medicine should be used for postoperative rehabilitation. The so-called urgency is the temporary solution, and the delay is the root cause. Only by combining traditional Chinese and western medicine, part-time job can achieve good results, otherwise it will be too late to treat after transfer. (1) Surgical resection is still the first choice for the treatment of liver cancer. Early resection is the key to improve the survival rate. The smaller the tumor, the higher the five-year survival rate. Because of the close follow-up after radical resection, subclinical recurrent small hepatocellular carcinoma is often detected, and reoperation is the first choice. The five-year survival rate after the second operation can still reach 38.7%. Although liver transplantation is a method to treat liver cancer, and there are many reports abroad, its position in the treatment of liver cancer has not been confirmed for a long time. After long-term use of immunosuppressants, patients often die of recurrence. For developing countries, it is still difficult to popularize in recent years because of the source and cost of donors. (2) biotherapy biotherapy not only plays the role of cooperating with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but also reduces the suppression of immunity and eliminates residual tumor cells. In recent years, due to the development of gene recombination technology, it is possible to obtain a large number of immune active factors or cytokines. The application of recombinant lymphatic factor, cytokines and other biological response regulators (BRM) in tumor biotherapy has aroused widespread concern in the medical community, and is considered as the fourth anti-tumor therapy. At present, interferon α and interferon γ have been widely used in clinical treatment, and natural and recombinant IL-2 and TNF have come out. In addition, killer cells activated by lymphokines, such as ——LAK cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), have also been tried. The efficacy of various biotherapy needs more practice and summary. Gene therapy provides a new prospect for biological therapy of liver cancer. (III) Immunotherapy In the 1970s, the United States advocated a concept, that is, using biological response regulators to improve the resistance to tumors. This method is called BRM therapy or immunotherapy. Since the late 1970s, Coriolus versicolor polysaccharide, Schizophyllum commune polysaccharide, Lentinus edodes polysaccharide and Grifola frondosa (alias Grifola frondosa) have been approved as immunoantitumor drugs in Japan, and Phellinus igniarius polysaccharide has been approved as immunoantitumor drugs in Korea, which has established the position of mushroom polysaccharide in BRM therapy and greatly promoted the research and application of bioactive components in mushrooms. Recent studies have found that Grifola frondosa D- fraction, the most effective active ingredient extracted from Grifola frondosa (alias Grifola frondosa), is the most effective anticancer active ingredient. Animal experiments and clinical experiments show that the D fraction of Maitake has anticancer effects through the following aspects: 1, activating immune cells such as phagocytes, natural killer cells and harmful T cells, and inducing the secretion of cytokines such as white blood cells, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α. 2. Induce cancer cell apoptosis. 3. Combined with traditional chemotherapy drugs (mitomycin, Ding Ting injection, etc. ), which not only increases the curative effect, but also reduces the side effects of chemotherapy. 4. It has synergistic effect with immunotherapy drug (interferon -α2b). 5. Relieve the pain of patients with advanced cancer, increase their appetite and improve their quality of life. American Maitake Products Company is an authoritative enterprise for systematic research and development of Maitake. Its "Mairongjing Drops" can play a very good role in improving the quality of life of cancer patients, and has been approved by the US FDA to conduct a phase I clinical study on patients with advanced cancer (IND 54,589). Third, diet 1, balanced diet: patients with liver cancer consume a lot, so we must ensure adequate nutrition. The simplest way to measure the nutritional status of patients is to see if they can maintain their weight. The best way to maintain normal weight is to maintain a balanced diet, requiring patients to eat more fresh vegetables, half of which should be green leafy vegetables. 2. Fat and protein: A high-fat diet will affect and aggravate the disease, while a low-fat diet can relieve nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension in patients with liver cancer. Patients with liver cancer have poor appetite and little appetite. If they don't have a balanced diet, they must increase their dietary calories and eat crude fat that is easy to digest and absorb. Patients with liver cancer should eat more foods rich in plant protein, especially high-quality plant protein. 3, vitamins: vitamins A, C, E, K, etc. All have certain auxiliary anti-tumor effects. Vitamin C mainly exists in fresh vegetables and fruits. Carotene can be converted into vitamin A after entering the human body, so patients with liver cancer should eat more vegetables and fruits with more vc. 4. Inorganic salts: namely minerals. Nutritionists divide inorganic salts into two categories: macroelements such as calcium, sodium and potassium; Trace elements such as selenium, zinc and iodine. Scientists have found that minerals such as selenium and iron have anti-cancer effects. 5. Patients with liver cancer often have indigestion symptoms such as loss of appetite, nausea and abdominal distension, so they should eat more digestible food. 6. Patients with advanced liver cancer are in a state of general failure, and it is difficult to eat. It is mainly to enhance the body's resistance and eat more digestible food. Third, ascites summarizes the accumulated free liquid in the abdominal cavity. Normal people can have a small amount of liquid in their abdominal cavity to lubricate their internal organs. Ascites can be caused by heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease, tuberculosis, malignant tumor and other diseases, and it is a common clinical sign. According to its nature, it can be divided into leakage or exudation; According to its appearance, it can be divided into serous, bloody, suppurative or chylous ascites: ascites is a localized edema, which means that too much liquid has accumulated in the abdominal cavity. Under normal circumstances, there is a small amount of liquid in the abdominal cavity, about 200ml, which plays a lubricating role. When the amount of liquid exceeds 200ml, it can be called ascites. The mechanism of ascites is complicated, which is related to the imbalance of fluid exchange in vivo and in vitro and the imbalance of fluid exchange in blood vessels. Ascites can occur in many kinds of malignant tumors, and ascites based on tumors is called malignant ascites. Both primary liver cancer and secondary liver cancer are often accompanied by ascites, which is closely related to cirrhosis and portal hypertension in patients with liver cancer. The factors leading to ascites are systemic factors or local factors, which make liquid seep or leak into abdominal cavity from blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, resulting in ascites. Hypoalbuminemia, sodium and water retention, decreased antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone inactivation, portal hypertension, hepatic vein occlusion, peritoneal inflammation and malignant tumor are all important factors causing ascites. Ascites-related symptoms When the patient has a small amount of ascites [300 ~ 500 ml], there is no obvious discomfort and it is not easy to be detected; When there is moderate ascites (500 ~ 3000 ml), the patient feels abdominal distension, showing a bloated abdominal type, and may have mobile dullness during physical examination; When there is a large amount of ascites (more than 3000mL), it can be manifested as dyspnea and edema of lower limbs. Ascites caused by different diseases often show different accompanying symptoms, such as fever, jaundice, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, heart failure and other symptoms and signs. Tips for ascites: Patients with ascites should not pump water for many times, because a large amount of nutritional protein is lost after repeated pumping, which seriously damages immunity. After pumping water, give western medicine nutritional support therapy, cooperate with traditional Chinese medicine to strengthen spleen and eliminate dampness or biological immunotherapy (Grifola frondosa is preferred). Enhance the operation and conversion functions. So that ascites will not grow. Or inhibit growth. Realize the recovery of patients' visceral function and improve immune function.