Are Mongolian cavalry really invincible in the world? People who are less skilled than farmers.

The equipment of Mongolian soldiers is also a hot topic among historians. Generally speaking, there are two views. One thought that the equipment of Mongolian soldiers was similar to that of Liao soldiers from 10 to 1 1 century, mainly with compound bows, but the equipment was relatively good. This view is based on Cappini's mission report. He is a friar of the Franciscan Catholic Church in Cappini. /kloc-in the 1940s of 0/3, ordered by Pope Sinibaldo Fieschi, he was sent to Hala and Horinger, the capital of Mongolian Empire. For this task, there will be more detailed media quality effects of 33dm later. Cappini wrote in his mission report: They carry at least the following weapons: two or three bows, or at least one good bow; Three quiver full of arrows; An axe; Many feet are used to drag the reins of war tools. Those rich soldiers are equipped with swords, and their horses are equipped with vests, helmets and breastplates. According to Liao History, every Liao soldier should be equipped with three horses, nine pieces of armor, saddle pad, reins, vest skin and vest iron according to his own ability. Everyone should be equipped with four bows, 400 arrows, a long and short gun, an iron bone, an axe and many other things. And 200 feet of horse rope. In contrast, Mongolian soldiers carry more equipment than Liao and Serenade, but they also gain mobility because they go into battle lightly. This is crucial. Another view is that the Mongolian empire was not strong at first, only a few people were armed. Except for the compound bow, other weapons and equipment are captured trophies on the battlefield. Before that, Mongolians had a professional system to equip their troops. The main weapon used by Mongols is the compound bow. This kind of bow is made of stem, horn, tendon, glue, silk and other materials. Its maximum range can reach 500 meters and its effective range is about 300 meters. This bow is much better than the crossbow used by the crusaders in western Europe. Although the crossbow is very penetrating, its effective range is only about 75 meters. The biggest disadvantage of crossbows is that they can't give consideration to both range and accuracy. It was not until the14th century that Welsh and English people made longbows that could compete with compound bows, with an effective range of 220 meters. Unlike archers who use longbows and crossbows, Mongols and other nomadic people, as well as archers in the Middle East, use thumb rings when pulling bows to reduce the pressure of bowstrings on their thumbs. /kloc-Gallwey, a historian and engineer in the 0/9th century, said that the use of thumb ring will make it easier to draw the bow, so that the Mandarin version of Yupfutuan can be 3d to speed up the frequency of drawing the bow. The lethality of the compound bow also depends on the arrow. Arrows are made of iron, steel, horns or bones, and they are very sharp because soldiers keep polishing them. Arrows are about 2 inches long and have different functions. Some are used to penetrate armor, and some are used to transmit signals. Volume 34, crossbows. But the compound bow also has disadvantages. Its main disadvantage is that wet weather will reduce its effectiveness. If used in rainy days, the compound bow may be damaged. Therefore, if nomadic people want to fight against farming people in the rain, they should either choose melee or escape. Nomads usually choose to retreat. Although their riding and shooting skills are world-famous, their swordsmanship on the ground is not as good as that of farming people. The Mongolian army is good at giving full play to its weapon superiority. Because the compound bow has a long range, Mongols often use it to deter the enemy and often make bows and arrows to destroy the enemy's formation. Mongolian archers will choose to shoot within 150 meters if they want to pursue the hit rate. The Mongolian army also uses javelin, spear, sword, lasso and other weapons, but these weapons are not the main weapons, so I won't introduce them here.