Query on Transformer and Superconducting Materials

The transformer has long been forgotten, so let's talk about superconductivity, but superconductivity has no clear explanation. I can only say it's different, so I'll just say my own opinion.

Metals are crystals and have their own lattice structure, and the lattice distribution of various metals is different. In each lattice distribution, atoms occupy a point in the lattice and electrons move around the atoms. The resistance of metal increases with the increase of temperature, because the higher the temperature, the more intense the lattice vibration. When an electron moves directionally, if it happens to touch the vibrating lattice, it will bring losses such as the decrease of electron speed. The more electrons collide with the metal lattice, the more losses there are. Therefore, the lower the temperature, the smaller the lattice vibration, and the smaller the probability of electrons colliding with the lattice. When the temperature finally reaches the critical point, the lattice will no longer vibrate and electrons will not collide with the lattice. It may be difficult to understand that there is really no collision between electrons and lattice at critical temperature. Practice has proved that there is no collision

I think you have a misunderstanding. You think that the magnitude of resistance refers to whether electrons are hindered in the process of movement, but it is not. Resistance refers to the loss of electrons in motion. For example, a group of electrons are moving in a direction, and then half of them collide with the lattice, and the speed decreases. They should have gone with their other half, but because of this, they can only lag behind, so that we can see the same moment macroscopically on a section. The other is that the current has nothing to do with the speed of electrons, but only with the number of electrons flowing in a cross section per second. If there are more electrons, the current will be greater.

Some explanations about superconductors on the internet say that electrons are fermions at room temperature, and it is impossible for two fermions to be in the same state at the same time after learning solid state physics, so electrons can only be distributed according to energy levels at room temperature; Once the temperature reaches the critical point, the electronic brush becomes a boson. Bosons are just the opposite of fermions, and infinite bosons can be in the same state at the same time. This explanation is quite interesting, but I don't quite understand the relationship between bosons and superconductivity, so I won't talk nonsense, hehe.

There is some truth in what you say, or we can understand it this way (as the saying goes, hehe): infinity means a lot, but there is no exact number, so first of all, this is a limit problem: when the number of electrons reaches a certain number, we think it is infinite; Similarly, when there are few collisions between electrons and lattice, which can be ignored compared with the number of electrons themselves, we think that they have no collisions. Moreover, even at room temperature, the probability of collision between electrons and nuclei is very small. Isn't there an atomic scattering experiment? The reason is that there are electrons outside the nucleus running around it at high speed, so the electrons encounter more lattices.