Cosmic Cognition Series (1): Uncertainty, wave-particle duality, quantum entanglement and the nature of observation

This article provides a comprehensive and detailed introduction to the concepts, phenomena, and experiments in the field of quantum mechanics, which are profound and interesting, and are very different from the macroscopic world.

Mainly discussed: Uncertainty principle, wave-particle duality, quantum entanglement, super-light information transmission, as well as experimental principles such as double-slit interference, photon delay, quantum erasure, etc., as well as experimental results Analysis, the nature of observation, and many other aspects.

It provides a detailed and objective interpretation of what is currently known to science, and discusses the phenomena from multiple perspectives that cannot yet be scientifically explained.

This article strives to present several famous and interesting cognitions in the field of quantum mechanics in a complete and objective manner, and hopes to show the incredible and breathtaking microscopic world and trigger more thinking and imagination.

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle states that the position and momentum of a particle cannot be accurately obtained at the same time. Expressed as a formula: ?x * ?P ≥ h / 4π - where ?x is the position change (uncertainty of the particle position), and ?P is the momentum change (the uncertainty of the particle speed * particle mass) , h is Planck’s constant.

The connotation of this formula is that the product of position change and momentum change is a constant. This means that there is a trade-off relationship between position change and momentum change - the smaller the position change, the greater the momentum change, and the smaller the momentum change, the greater the position change.

Obviously, the larger the change interval, the more uncertain it is, and the smaller the change interval, the more certain it is. Therefore, what is reflected is that position and momentum cannot be accurately obtained at the same time, that is: if you know the position of a particle, you do not know its speed; if you know the speed of a particle, you do not know its position.

In fact, the physical quantities related to position and velocity, such as energy and time, angular momentum and angle, etc., will reach the same conclusion through mathematical derivation: they cannot be accurate at the same time. Obtain these pairs of ***yoke quantities.

So, why do microscopic particles show such uncertainty?

The explanation from Heisenberg is: Uncertainty is the inherent nature of particles, which is wave-particle duality. To measure the accurate position of particles, the wavelength must be as short as possible. The shorter the wavelength, the more irregular it will be. Continuous particle characteristics will cause greater interference to the momentum of the measured particle. To measure accurate speed, the wavelength must be as long as possible. The longer the wavelength, the less accurate the position of the measured particle will be.

We can understand the uncertainty of this particle from two perspectives:

First, determination requires observation, and the observation itself will affect the observation results, leading to uncertainty. .

In fact, there is a basic fact hidden here, that is, the transmission of information depends on light. In other words, no matter what technical means are used for measurement, if we want to obtain measurement information, we must use light to transmit information, and this is why the transmission of information cannot exceed the speed of light.

So to measure microscopic particles, we need to illuminate them with light, and then capture the light scattered by the particles to obtain state information related to the particles.

Then, if you want to determine the instantaneous position of the particle, you need to use light with the shortest wavelength possible, because if the position of the measured particle is between the peaks of the light wave, you will not get position information—— It is equivalent to the light bypassing the particle, so the shorter the wavelength of the light - almost in a straight line, the more accurate the position information obtained.

However, due to the wave-particle duality, light exhibits particle properties at this time and becomes discontinuous photons. The shorter the wavelength, the higher the frequency and the greater the energy. Therefore, when high-energy photons hit the particle being measured, it interferes with the particle's speed and direction of motion - making it impossible to obtain accurate velocity information.

Then, if you want to determine the speed of the particle, it is obvious that the wavelength of the light needs to be as long as possible, because the longer the wavelength, the lower the frequency and the smaller the energy. At this time, the sum of the photons and the particle speed The impact on the movement trajectory will be smaller. While speed is equal to distance divided by time, we don't care about the instantaneous position of the particle, we only need accurate distance information.

Therefore, the longer the wavelength, the more accurate it is to measure the speed of particles. But at the same time, the instantaneous position of the particle becomes less precise because of the longer wavelength.

It can be seen that this uncertainty comes from the fact that the transmission of information depends on light, and from the interaction between photons and measured particles at another level - this leads to the observation The results contain the effects of the observed behavior rather than the results of the state before the observation.

In the second type, the state of the particle presents a probability (described by the wave function), which is the inherent nature of the particle, and its accuracy is subject to more profound and essential limitations.

This view holds that before observation, the state of particles is uncertain and has nothing to do with measurement. And before measurement, the state of the particle can be described as a probability distribution by the wave function, and measurement will cause the wave function to collapse, which represents the cause and process of the transformation of the particle state from uncertainty to certainty.

Of course, objectively we cannot obtain the particle state before measurement, so you say that before measurement, the particle state cannot be determined, or it is determined but cannot be obtained. What is the difference?

It’s like, if you can’t see it, it means it doesn’t exist, if you don’t know it, it means it didn’t happen, and if you can’t measure it, it means it’s uncertain. Or just like saying that there are no particles that travel faster than light, it is equivalent to having particles that travel faster than light but cannot be sensed. The absence of light in a black hole is equivalent to the fact that light cannot escape from a black hole.

Then, the inherent nature of this particle is actually wave-particle duality and quantum entanglement. Next, we will discuss these two characteristics in depth.

All microscopic particles (including electrons, protons, neutrons, photons, and even some atoms and molecules) have wave-particle duality, which shows that microscopic particles can have continuous wave properties, There can also be discontinuous particles.

Volatility means having wavelength and frequency (including peaks, troughs, phases, etc.), as well as interference and diffraction effects. Particle nature means that there is a discontinuous (discrete) state of motion. For example, at any time, it has a definite spatial position and speed. When interacting with other particles, it will show discontinuities in energy and momentum, and no interference will occur. and diffraction effects.

The wave-particle duality follows the principle of complementarity, that is, wave properties and particle properties are mutually exclusive at the same moment and will not appear in the same measurement. Therefore, the two are mutually exclusive when describing microscopic particles - there will be no conflict in experiments.

In other words, if you try to observe and obtain the particle state of particles, the wave nature of the particles (interference and diffraction effects) will disappear. On the contrary, if the particle exhibits wave nature (such as interference effect), then the particle state (position and momentum) of the particle at this time is uncertain.

In fact, wave nature and particle nature are inseparable properties of particles, and are related as follows:

From a macro perspective, the longer the wavelength of the wave, the lower the frequency. The more wavelike it is, the shorter the wavelength, the higher the frequency, and the more particlelike it is; from a microscopic perspective, the state of particles is described by wave functions, which can show superposition like wave interference and diffraction, as well as Particle discontinuities can be expressed in probabilistic terms.

What needs to be noted here is that the superposition of particle wave properties is not the superposition of medium vibrations like macroscopic mechanical waves. It is the superposition of probabilities described by the wave function, that is, the superposition of probabilities of the possible positions and momentum properties of particles.

Because of this, wave-particle duality and uncertainty are actually equivalent. It can be said that it is precisely because of the wave nature of particles that they show uncertainty, and observation will make their wave nature disappear and transform into particle certainty.

We can even think that any substance (including macro) has volatility, but the shorter the wavelength - super short, it will not be able to show observable volatility, and will instead show particles. sex.

Finally, it is worth explaining that wave nature and particle nature are properties objectively displayed in experiments, not essences. They represent different abstract models and explain microscopic particles from different angles. State characteristics, and it is obvious that these two models are phenomenological descriptions from a macro perspective.

So, as for the true form of microscopic particles, there is currently no unified picture in science, and we can only piece together profiles from different angles - like a blind man touching an elephant, but it is conceivable that at a higher level, particles The wave-particle forms must be unified, because they have the same and the same essence, and they exhibit observable properties.

Quantum is a physical quantity. If there is the smallest indivisible basic unit, then this physical quantity is quantized, and the smallest unit is called a quantum - for example, a photon is a light quantum. In layman's terms, a quantum is the smallest unit that can express the characteristics of a certain substance or physical quantity.

Quantum entanglement means that in quantum mechanics, when two or more particles interact with each other, since the characteristics of each particle have been synthesized into the overall properties, each particle cannot be described individually. The properties of particles can only describe the properties of the overall system. At this time, the mysterious correlation phenomenon (action at a distance) between individual particles is quantum entanglement.

For example, for a pair of entangled photons, each photon is in a superposition state - the state is uncertain at this time and can be in any different places. Then the measurement of one of the photons is It will cause its superposition state to collapse into a definite state, and at the same time, the state of the other photon will also instantly change synchronously - from the superposition state to a definite state. (Multiple photons can also form an entangled state, so if one changes, the others will change simultaneously)

The key to this is that the state of the other photon is originally uncertain, but it seems You know, the changes in the photon state being measured, and then you make corresponding changes yourself.

You must know that the state of the particle being measured can be any value in the superposition state before measurement, while the state of another particle cannot be determined until the particle being measured determines its state. This means that quantum entanglement allows two particles to produce a mysterious correlation phenomenon that transcends time and space.

It should be noted that quantum entanglement does not mean that one particle affects another particle instantaneously (faster than the speed of light), but that their *** has an overall state that spans a wide distance. Thereby changing simultaneously - that is, the parts will obey the changes of the overall properties, that is, the individual will have statistical attributes.

In fact, it can be said that everything is ultimately composed of quantum, and everything from micro to macro is full of the relationship between the local and the whole. Then quantum entanglement will spread across a wide area. distance, resulting in extensive and fundamental mutual influence.

Therefore, it is not the observation behavior that will affect the quantum system, but any existence and any behavior will affect the state of the quantum system all the time, and the impact of this state change will be in the form of quantum entanglement. interact over distance.

Therefore, from this perspective, regardless of whether it is observed or not, deterministic information at the microscopic quantum level cannot be obtained due to the characteristics of the quantum system.

From Turing’s perspective, why can’t we know all the exact states of quantum? This is because the machine that measures the state is composed of quanta (all matter is composed of quanta at the lowest level), which forms a cyclic and uncalculable recursion, entangling the calculated entity with the calculating entity. (The mystery of the universe: recursion, fractals, cycles)

Then, it is conceivable that the certainty we want can only be based on microscopic changes and no mutual influence. But at this time everything on the upper level will not exist - or it will exist in a completely different form from now.

Finally, there is no quantum entanglement effect at the macro level, just like macroscopic objects do not have microscopic wave-particle duality. It can be understood that these microscopic quantum effects are suppressed in a state that cannot be observed at the macroscopic level. ——Mathematical solutions show that infinitesimal means that the limit does not exist, or is understood to exist in an unknown realm.

However, behind what we cannot observe and perceive, there is a complete and unified whole that covers all unknown fields. However, our cognition does not necessarily have an information path that can reach it. The ultimate essence of that unified whole.

Obviously, if we rely on light to obtain information, we cannot obtain information beyond the speed of light. However, quantum entanglement can ignore distance and the speed of light and produce synchronous changes between states. So wouldn't this be able to transmit information faster than the speed of light?

The conclusion is that quantum entanglement still cannot transmit information beyond the speed of light.

First of all, we need to understand that transmitting information requires inputting information and reading information. Completing these two steps is considered to have completed the transmission of information.

Secondly, for particles in an entangled state, measurement will cause the superposition state to collapse - this is input information, and then in an instant, other entangled particles will change - when we measure these changes, we read information.

So the question is, they are all measurements. Which one represents the input information, and which one represents the read information?

There is a sequence of input and reading, so our measurements also need to be in sequence. Obviously, the order of measurement still requires the speed of light to transmit information to determine the order of measurement.

Finally, we cannot input the data we want into a quantum entangled system because the microscopic state is completely random - uncontrollable. Therefore, the synchronous changes between the entangled states of particles can only transmit some random signals - noise rather than information - from which we cannot obtain any useful information.

The experiments described below have been actually verified. Here we only briefly describe the process and principles.

Single electron double-slit interference experiment

The electrons are emitted one by one, pass through the double-slit baffle, and hit the detection screen behind the baffle. Each time the detection screen displays the electron hit After hitting the electron, the second electron is emitted. Multiple electrons are emitted repeatedly, and finally the pattern formed by the electrons is recorded on the detection screen, showing interference fringes. If a gap is closed and becomes a single gap, no interference fringes will appear on the detection screen.

This experiment is completely different from the interference experiment of light, because the interference of light is that light passes through double slits, forming two sets of light waves, and finally produces interference fringes. Here, a single electron passes through the double slits and eventually forms interference fringes. The former is a group and the latter is an individual.

There are several points that need to be explained here:

First, the interference fringes formed by multiple electrons on the detection screen are predicted by the probability distribution of the wave function.

Second, an electron can only be a point on the detection screen, not an interference fringe. It requires multiple electron emission to form a probability distribution pattern - an interference fringe. At this time, a single electron In group events, statistical properties are displayed.

Third, interference fringes mean that when a single electron passes through double slits, it produces a wave interference effect, which is equivalent to the electron passing through double slits at the same time, generating two wave sources, and then interfering with itself.

Fourth, if a single electron only randomly passes through one slit each time, it will not interfere with itself after the double slit, so the final pattern will not have interference fringes, but will only be two bright stripes.

This experiment shows that single electrons are volatile, that is, the position of the electron in space is uncertain - presenting a probability distribution, and the probabilities of this position distribution can be superimposed to form an interference effect - —It means increasing the probability of appearing in certain positions and reducing the probability of appearing in certain positions.

Eventually, the electron hits the detection screen, and its wave nature changes into particle nature, that is, the probability gives the result - the position is determined. The interference pattern formed by multiple electrons will reflect the self-interference superposition of electron fluctuations.

Because in fact, in the interference fringes, all points correspond to positions that electrons can reach randomly, and only when electrons show volatility and interfere with themselves can the position probabilities of those bright and dark points be generated. , thus forming light and dark stripes. Otherwise, there will only be position probabilities for the two bright stripes, but not for the dark stripes.

Double-slit interference experiment - observer effect

It is the same as the single-electron double-slit interference experiment, except that the observation is conducted in front of the double-slit baffle to determine how the single electron passes through Double seams. As a result, each electron was observed to randomly pass through a gap, and the final interference fringes on the detection screen disappeared, leaving only two bright stripes. But if the observation means is removed, the interference fringes will appear again.

This experiment just illustrates the complementary principle of wave-particle duality. If you observe it, the particles will show you the particle nature, and the wave nature will be degraded; but if you do not observe it, then the particles will show their particle nature to you. Wave nature will appear again, and particle nature will degenerate.

Wheeler Photon Delay Experiment

When a photon is injected into a semi-lens, it has half the probability of passing through and half the probability of being reflected. This is a quantum random process. .

In the first case, by placing detection screens on both sides of the semi-transparent mirror, you can detect whether the photons pass through the semi-transparent mirror or are reflected by the semi-transparent mirror. The results show that each photon will only randomly produce a bright spot on one detection screen, and it will still be a bright spot after many times. This means that photons can only pass through or be reflected each time.

In the second case, using two reflectors, the photons that may pass through the semi-transparent mirror or be reflected by the semi-transparent mirror are continued to be introduced into the two sides of the second semi-transparent mirror. That is to say, if the photon passes through the first half-mirror, it will enter one side of the second half-mirror; if the photon is reflected by the first half-mirror, it will enter the other side of the second half-mirror.

You must know that the second half-lens still has a half probability of allowing photons to pass through or reflect. Then, on both sides of the second half-mirror, place detection screens to detect the photons that pass through or are reflected.

The results showed that after each photon was emitted multiple times, interference fringes appeared on one of the detection screens.

This shows that a photon enters the first semi-lens, passes through and is reflected at the same time, and then the photon running along two paths enters both sides of the second semi-lens at the same time, and continues to pass through at the same time. passed and reflected.

Then, on both sides of the second half-mirror, there will be photons passing through and reflected. By adjusting the phase of the photons, the photons themselves can cancel each other out on one side and interfere with each other on the other side. Thus, interference fringes are produced on a detection screen.

In the third case, when the photon passes through the first half-lens, there is no second half-lens. This is equivalent to the first case, the photon will pass through or be reflected. Then after the photon completes the quantum randomization of the first half-lens (passes through or is reflected), it is "delayed" to join the second half-lens.

The results show that, consistent with the second case, the photon will pass through and be reflected at the same time. This shows that we "delay" the behavior of adding the second half-lens, allowing the photon to magically switch to the second situation after it has determined the choice of the first situation. In this way, our delayed choice determines the completed choice.

Regarding this experiment, Wheeler later quoted Bohr as saying: Any basic quantum phenomenon is only a phenomenon after it is recorded. Do we do it before the photon takes the road or on the way? Make a decision, which makes no difference in quantum experiments. When the photon passes through the first lens and when we insert the second lens, where it is and what it is is a meaningless question. We have no right to talk about it because it is not an objective reality!

Quantum Eraser Experiment

This experiment is somewhat complicated, but it has been successfully verified.

In the first step, we create a pair of entangled photons, emit them at intervals, and pass through a double-slit plate - there are slits A and B on it, and this pair of photons, when passing through the double slits Not separated. But we don’t know whether this pair of photons passes through A, B, or AB at the same time.

In the second step, after passing through the double slit, this pair of photons will be separated into two entangled photons at A, A1A2, and will be separated into entangled photons at B. Two photons - B1B2, of which A1 and B1 will enter the lens and be concentrated on the D0 detection screen, eventually showing interference fringes.

At this time, the photons on D0 cannot distinguish which ones are A1 and which ones are B1, which means that it is not known which gap - A or B - these photons come from. Obviously, a pair of entangled photons enter AB at the same time, and then separate A1 at A and B1 at B at the same time, and A1 and B1 interfere after the lens, so that interference fringes can be displayed at D0.

In the third step, A2 and B2 will enter the polarizer and move in different directions. And the destinations are all far away from D0, which shows that D0 has detected the photon while A2 and B2 are still moving.

The fourth step, A2 enters the semi-transparent mirror, there is a 50% probability of entering the detection screen D4, another 50% probability of entering the semi-transparent mirror, and then there is a 50% probability (50% of 50% That is a 25% probability) to enter the detection screen D1, and a 50% probability (50% of 50% is a 25% probability) to enter the detection screen D2.

In the same way, when B2 enters the semi-transparent mirror, there is a 50% probability of entering the detection screen D3, and another 50% probability of entering the semi-transparent mirror, and then there is a 50% probability (50% of 50% is 25% probability) to enter the detection screen D1, and 50% probability (50% of 50% is 25% probability) to enter the detection screen D2.

To sum up, A2 has a 50% probability of entering D4, a 25% probability of entering D1, and a 25% probability of entering D2; B2 has a 50% probability of entering D3, a 25% probability of entering D1, and a 25% probability of entering D2. The probability of entering D2. (D1D2 cannot distinguish A2B2)

In the fifth step, there is no response on the D1 and D2 detection screens. Then, if D4 reacts at this time, it means that it is A2 (state collapse), and A1 in the entangled state with it will react in D0; if D3 reacts, it means that it is B2 (state collapse), and the entangled state with it B1 - will react at D0.

So, through the reactions of D4 and D3 (they will not react at the same time), we know whether it is A1 or B1 at D0. However, at this time, the interference fringe at D0 disappears. Obviously, this is because we have determined the exact path of this pair of entangled photons through the AB slit, so the state of this pair of photons collapses, showing particle nature, and only one of them can choose to pass through AB.

Step 6, D1 and D2 detection screens, one of them responds. At this time, both A2 and B2 have the probability of forming this result, so we still cannot confirm which one of A1 and B1 reacted at D0, which means that A1 and B1 are both at D0, causing interference, and the natural interference fringes will appear again. Appeared at D0.

At this point, the entire experiment is completed. There are two points worth explaining:

First of all, whether there is a reaction on the D1 and D2 detection screens is a probability. Judging from the results: there is no response on D1 or D2. When reacting, D0 has interference fringes - this is equivalent to erasing the path information; when D1 and D2 do not react, D3 or D4 will react - this is equivalent to having path information, and the D0 interference fringes disappear at this time. .

Secondly, from the third step, it can be seen that the distance for photons to reach D1234 is longer than D0. Therefore, when D1234 reacts, D0 has already reacted - forming stripes, but whether the stripes at D0 interfere is still controlled by the reaction of D1234 that occurs later.

The key point of this experiment is to reveal: The collapse of the particle state does not depend on the observer, or what kind of observer - including observation technology equipment, the presence or absence of intelligence and consciousness, etc., but It lies in the construction of information paths.

The previous experiments have proved beyond any doubt the wave-particle duality of microscopic particles - completely different from macroscopic phenomena, which is incredible and very difficult to understand.

However, the experimental results are unquestionable, so people have started various illusory self-interpretations of the experimental results. Here are some representative explanations:

None Particles are only waves

We are in quantum fields that are everywhere, like soups, and these soups (energy fields) move like waves. Particles emerge from the soup only when we observe them—as if summoned by our act of observation.

There are no waves, just particles

The particles move super fast, and our observation (exposure) speed is too slow. Therefore, when we make an observation, the captured image is actually the appearance of particles going to different places quickly, and from our perspective, it is the appearance of particles appearing in multiple places at the same time, so we will say that particles have waves. Same status.

There are no waves and no particles.

Particles are just abstracted into a macroscopic phenomenological model based on the properties of our observations. However, under different circumstances, according to the observation properties and conforming to the phenomenological model of macroscopic waves, all will have wave-particle duality, which is a contradictory state description at the macroscopic level. In fact, the nature of these microscopic substances is non-wavy and non-particle. We don’t know what it is specifically. There is currently no specific image.

There are waves and particles

Microscopic matter, when not observed, is in the form of "cloud" or "fog" and moves in the form of waves. , will converge to a "point" and become a particle. Why is this happening? This is because the energy state of the "cloud" or "fog", due to interference from the observation, reduces the energy loss and can only form a point, which is a particle.

High-dimensional universe

Microscopic matter is the projection of the high-dimensional universe. Their behavior is unpredictable because we can only see fragments of these high-dimensional projections. The resulting incomprehensible movement trajectories and characteristic forms.

Multiverse

The characteristics of microscopic particle waves come from the simultaneous superposition of images of particles from countless parallel universes. However, once observed, the parallel space-times separate and individual particles appear in a specific and unique current space-time.

Path integral expression

In pure mathematics, the path integral expression does not use the single and unique motion orbit of the particle, but instead uses the sum of all possible orbits. Using functional integration, the sum of all possible orbitals can be calculated. In other words, when microscopic particles go from one place to another, they will choose all possible paths (including passing through double slits at the same time), and observation will form a unique path between the observation position and the particle, so that the choice disappears.

Experimental Questions

In these experiments, how is an electron or a photon emitted? Is there an electron or a photon? First assume that there are electrons and photons, and then discover the wave nature of these particles in experiments. Isn't this a contradiction?

Copenhagen Interpretation

The spatial position of microscopic particles is uncertain before measurement, so it is meaningless to try to discuss the particle trajectories and paths before measurement. All confusion and confusion obviously come from discussing topics that should not be discussed.

Summary

In fact, a successful explanation can predict all future situations. If it can be done, then this explanation is basically a correct perspective. The wave function perfectly predicts and describes the volatility and particle nature of microscopic particles in the form of probability. However, what people are still eager to know is how these probabilities are formed - that is, they all occur before observation. What. .

Ultimately, people are not satisfied with probability and uncertainty - this answer is because in our deep-rooted consciousness - everything is certain, and this comes from us of instinctive and perceptual conclusions.

The essential reason is that what connects the micro to the macro is probability, but we are in the macro, and theoretically probability has formed a certain result, so we can only see certainty but not certainty. Uncertainty.

Moreover, we also try to use macroscopic perception to interpret everything at the microscopic level.

Perhaps, what binds us is the macro, and the path that cannot reach the micro is information.

From a macro perspective, we usually think of observation as observation and testing, but in science, observation is the use of technical means to obtain information on the state of matter. Then on a microscopic level, observations will definitely be implemented using photons to obtain information, because the transmission of information depends on light.

However, in fact, in microscopic experiments, such as quantum erasure experiments, we do not need to complete the behavior and process of observing quantum, but as long as we construct the possibility of observability, we can make the quantum state changes occur.

It can be seen that the disturbance of observation to the micro is not the observation behavior itself, but the possibility of the information obtained by the observation. That is to say: once the path for obtaining information is formed, it can have a substantial impact on the micro. influence.

This is very interesting. Perhaps information and paths are the essence of upper-level causal logic. And the path can form a loop, so that cause and effect and logic can also form a loop and become endless infinity.

And this may be the reason why macroscopic objects do not have microscopic fluctuations (uncertainty), because the information path of macroscopic objects has obviously been determined to exist.

So, in the uncertainty principle, imagine whether the position and momentum information determined by the particle at the same time exist objectively?

If it exists, but the inherent nature of particles - wave-particle duality, limits our access to this certain information, then our acquisition of microscopic information and certainty itself are contradictory, because Acquisition forms the path of information, leading to uncertainty, and only without acquisition can deterministic information exist objectively.

This is like a light-tight room. I want to know what is in the room, but once light enters, the things in the room will combine with the light to produce something that is not there before, so I It is never possible to obtain the original information of Wulizi - maybe there is no information in Wulizi, or there may be countless kinds of information, who knows?

All of this lies in the fact that we rely on light to obtain information, and more importantly, our essence is composed of the same quantum information - however, perhaps everything is information, and everything is bits. (The essence of mathematics and the relationship between all things (second edition))