Novice mom, don't worry, what are the five common diseases of babies before one year old?

The first year of the baby's birth is also the first year when you become a mom and dad. This year, the baby was exposed to the world for the first time, and the mother took care of the baby for the first time. So, what diseases should mothers pay attention to this year?

1 cold

In the first year of baby's life, it is almost impossible to avoid being entangled by a cold, and most of them will have runny nose, sneezing, stuffy nose, cough and other discomfort. At this time, let the baby drink more water, pay more attention and strengthen nutrition. Some children will open their mouths to breathe because of nasal congestion, or be agitated and cry. The older child will tell you that he has a sore throat.

Some babies will be accompanied by fever, the body temperature can be as high as 39-40℃, and some children will have convulsions or diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting and so on. Under normal circumstances, the baby's cold is infected by mom and dad or people who come into contact with it. You know, the baby's immune system has not developed well, and its resistance is weak, so it is easy to be recruited.

How should children prevent colds?

1, it's a little cold, so don't rush to put on thick clothes for your children. The baby is lively and active by nature, and the amount of exercise is obviously higher than that of adults. If you wear too much, your baby will sweat when you are active. Once quiet, wet underwear and open sweat pores make the baby very easy to catch cold.

2. Keep the indoor air fresh and the humidity appropriate. Don't take your baby to an environment with dirty air and mixed people.

3. Family members or people who take care of the baby, once someone is infected with the disease, stop touching the baby immediately. If it can't be isolated, patients must wear masks and wash their hands frequently to prevent infection to their babies.

Proper nursing is very important for infants with cold. First of all, we must ensure the baby's rest, and don't let the baby jump and play. Adequate rest can shorten the course of disease and reduce complications.

2 diarrhea

Infantile diarrhea is one of the most common diseases in 0- 1 year-old infants. Babies are more prone to diarrhea because of immature gastrointestinal function. Baby diarrhea, the highest incidence in summer and autumn, in addition to gastrointestinal bacterial infection, is mainly caused by improper feeding, hot weather or sudden cold. If you don't add complementary food on time or feed it improperly, once the food changes greatly, the baby's intestines can't adapt, which will also cause indigestion and diarrhea.

For baby diarrhea, diet conditioning is also very important. When you find your baby's diarrhea, give him plenty of water at the first time, and closely observe the baby's urine volume and color to prevent dehydration. At the same time, go to the hospital to find the cause of diarrhea and then treat the symptoms.

The baby has loose bowels, and as a parent, he is very anxious, so how to prevent it?

1, breastfeeding

Breast milk is most suitable for infants' nutritional needs and digestive ability. Breast milk contains a variety of digestive enzymes and antibodies needed by children, and various nutrients are very suitable for children to digest and absorb, which can neutralize the enterotoxin of Escherichia coli and prevent infection with Escherichia coli.

2. Add complementary food on time

Children grow and develop rapidly, whether breastfeeding or artificial feeding, complementary food should be added on time to meet nutritional needs. When adding complementary food, the variety should not be too much, and the replacement should not be too frequent. Only after the baby gradually adapts to the new food can he gradually add other foods.

3. Pay attention to the quality of diet

When mixed feeding and artificial feeding are used due to insufficient or lack of breast milk, attention should be paid to diet distribution, and rice paste or porridge should not be fed too much or too early to avoid indigestion of carbohydrates and affect children's growth and development.

4, enhance physical fitness

At ordinary times, we should strengthen outdoor activities, improve our adaptability to the natural environment, pay attention to children's physical exercise, strengthen their physique, improve their physical resistance, and avoid contracting various diseases.

Step 5 avoid bad stimulation

Children should prevent fatigue, fright or mental stress in their daily life. All these may lead to diarrhea in children.

3 eczema

Eczema is one of the common skin diseases in infancy, which belongs to allergic diseases and is related to allergic constitution. It often appears repeatedly and is difficult to be completely cured.

Eczema can make the baby itch unbearable, sleepless at night and fidgety. The treatment has a certain effect. Anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and anti-allergic drugs can be used under the guidance when necessary.

How to prevent baby eczema?

1, avoid contact with suspicious allergens, be allergic to dust mites, and avoid using carpets; If you are allergic to animal feathers and fur, try not to keep pets at home.

2. Although children are allergic to certain foods, their diet should not be controlled too strictly, so as not to affect nutrition and growth. If you are allergic to milk, you can choose low-sensitivity formula or soy products instead.

3. For an unclear allergic cause, the child can check the blood and check the allergens one by one. If you are allergic to a certain food, you'd better avoid it. If the baby is allergic to breast milk, the mother should avoid eating fish, shrimp, crabs and other foods during breastfeeding. Children who are artificially fed are exposed to more allergens. If they are allergic to milk, they should breastfeed.

4. Try to move old newspapers, magazines and other dust-prone items out of the house. Cotton, feathers and other stuffed toys should also be less exposed.

4 thrush

Thrush is a fungal infection of oral mucosa caused by candida albicans infection, also known as snow mouth disease. It is very common for babies under 2 years old to suffer from this disease.

Newborns have weak resistance and are prone to thrush. The baby with thrush may not have any special symptoms, and the mother needs to observe it carefully. When the baby opens his mouth, the mother can clearly see the baby's oral mucosa.

If you find white things such as cotton wool or bean curd residue attached to the baby's oral mucosa or tongue surface, it is not easy to wipe them off with a cotton swab, so you can preliminarily judge that the baby has thrush. If there is milk stain in the mouth, gently wipe it with a cotton swab, and the white material will disappear or decrease, then it is not thrush.

At the doctor's suggestion, apply nystatin to the affected part of the mouth. At the same time, strengthen nutrition, pay attention to oral hygiene, don't stop taking drugs at will, and the course of treatment must be enough to completely eliminate the source of the disease.

How to prevent baby from getting thrush?

After the baby sucks the milk, brush the bottle clean and dry it in time. Humidity is a suitable environment for mold growth. Milk utensils and cups used by newborns should be boiled and disinfected frequently and kept dry.

If breast-feeding, rinse nipples with clear water before feeding, and wash hands before and after feeding. If mother's nipple often leaks milk, don't cover it with a thick towel. You can choose an anti-nipple pad to keep it as dry as possible.

Maintain good oral hygiene. After teet, the baby needs to brush his teeth every day and change his toothbrush frequently.

Although thrush is easy to recur, you can say goodbye to him as long as you control it properly and do a good job of cleaning and disinfection.

5 anemia

Simply put, nutritional iron deficiency anemia is mainly due to insufficient iron storage and intake, iron absorption disorder or excessive iron loss, which leads to iron deficiency in the body and produces small cell hypochromic anemia. The most common population is infants from 6 months to 3 years old.

Babies suffering from iron deficiency anemia are mainly characterized by pale skin, bloodless lips, loss of appetite, inactivity, loose bowels and general weakness.

If pregnant women do not store enough iron in the last three months of pregnancy, or suffer from anemia, premature birth, low birth weight and other diseases. , will lead to iron deficiency in the baby.

After 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding, the baby should add iron-rich complementary food in time, otherwise iron deficiency anemia will occur.

If the baby suffers from diseases such as intestinal polyps and diarrhea, coupled with long-term partial eclipse and picky eaters, it may also cause anemia.