What are the poems written by Du Fu?

Representative works include Tizheng County Pavilion, Bitter Tales of Early Autumn, Independence, Skinny Horse Walking, Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Ascending the Mountain, Ai Jiangtou, Mourning for Wang Sun and Three Officials (Xin 'an Official, Shi Haoguan, Tongguan Official).

Du Fu's Poetry Creation

Du Fu, the grandson of the famous poet Du Fu, was born in a family with literary tradition. He studied poetry at the age of 7 and became famous at the age of 15. He was frustrated all his life. I only worked as a small official like Zuo Shiyi. Although he was called "the sage of poetry" and "the history of poetry" by later generations, he did not get people's attention at that time in the Tang Dynasty. There is a poem "The Play is Six quatrains (Part II)" which is written about "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty": "Wang Yang and Luo Lu are contemporary, but they are frivolous; Second, Cao's name is ruined, and he does not waste rivers and mountains. " Among them, there are many poets' self-comparisons. Du Fu's experience and poetry creation can be divided into four periods:

Reading and roaming period

(before the age of thirty)

Du Gongbu is like the so-called "dissolute Zhao Qi, Qiu Ma is quite crazy".

In the 19th year of Kaiyuan (at the age of 20), he began to roam in wuyue, returned to Luoyang five years later, and then Du Fu roamed Qi and Zhao. Later, I met Li Bai in Luoyang, and the two met and hated each other late, forming a profound friendship. Then I met Gao Shi, and the three of them traveled with Liang and Song (now Kaifeng and Shangqiu). Later, Du Li went to qi zhou. After breaking up, they met on East Road respectively. This is the last time that "Shi Xian" and "Shi Sheng" met. The representative works of this period include Wang Yue, Cao Huma's poems and Li Bai.

Trapped in Chang' an period

(30 to 44 years old)

During this period, Du Fu took the exam in Chang 'an for the first time and came last. Li, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, even told Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty that no one in the ruling and opposition parties was successful. Later, he presented gifts to the emperor and presented them to the nobles. He lived a life of "grabbing the rich door in the morning, dressing up the horse dust at dusk, throwing a cup of cold roast and hiding sadness everywhere". Finally, he got the position of right-back leading Cao Cao to join the army (mainly a small official guarding soldiers' weapons and treasury keys). During this period, he wrote poems such as "Car Shop" and "Two Ways", criticizing current politics and satirizing dignitaries. The book "Singing 500 Words from Beijing to Fengxian" is particularly famous, which indicates that his understanding of the political and social reality of the imperial court has reached a new height after ten years of hard life in Chang 'an. Xuanzong held three successive festivals from 75 1 the eighth day of the first month to 10. Du Fu took this opportunity to write three poems, and Xuanzong wrote a collection of sages to be made, but it was not reused.

Trapped in the period of thieves and officials

(44 to 48 years old)

When the Anshi Rebellion broke out and Tongguan fell, Du Fu settled in Zhangzhou and went to Suzong alone. He was captured by the Anshi Rebellion and taken to Chang 'an. The Anshi Rebellion treated Du Fu with high officials and generous salaries, but Du Fu flatly refused. This incident was recorded in the later poet Chen Zhisui's poem "Visit to Du Fu Cemetery". In the poem, it says, "There are many bones buried in Beimang, but his name is impressive. I am willing to accept a leak and I am willing to remove a thousand worries. Respect the body and push the fake official, which hurts the heavens and harms the truth. Spirit is now flourishing. Who is the poet Jude Wong? " Du Fu, facing the chaotic Chang 'an, heard the news that the government troops had been defeated repeatedly, and wrote poems such as Moonlit Night, Spring Hope and Love for the Head of the River. Later, he fled to Fengxiang to cheat and made a collection. Because of this suggestion, Prime Minister Fang Yi was demoted to join the army. (Fang Yi is a typical intellectual, but unrealistic. He fought against the rebels and adopted the Spring and Autumn Array, which resulted in a crushing defeat. Du Fu began to clean up the remains of Zuo and wrote that Fang Fang was innocent, so he was angry and wanted to find fault. Later, he recorded his experiences in the form of poems and became his immortal works, namely "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells".

Southwest drift period

(48 to 58 years old)

With the collapse of Xiangzhou loyalist and the famine of Guanfu, Du Fu abandoned his official and fled with his family, passing through Qin Zhou and Tonggu, and lived a relatively stable life in Chengdu. When he entered the DPRK, the warlord in the middle of Shu rebelled and he went to Zizhou and Langzhou. After filming Our Times for Bo in Chengdu, Du Fu went and died. He drifted again, lived in Kuizhou for two years, drifted to Hubei and Hunan, and died on Xiangjiang River in Hengzhou. During this period, his works include Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night, Autumn Wind Broke the Straw Shed, Shuxiang, Yellow River Banks Recovered by the Imperial Army, Gordon, Moon Landing Building and many other famous works. One of the most famous poems is: "An De Wan Lou, all the poor people in the world are happy." And the "leaves fall like waterfalls, and I think the long river always rolls forward" in "To the Top" is a swan song.

Poetic features

In terms of materials

Du Fu, a social poet, takes the rise and fall of politics, social unrest, war corvee, hunger and poverty, and the disparity between the rich and the poor as his themes, which are extensive in content, rich in times and realistic. Du Fu's poems are good at describing the historical situation at that time and reflecting the present situation of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, so they are called "the history of poetry". From the Anshi Rebellion to entering Shu, Du Fu experienced great turmoil and wrote a lot of realistic works. In his representative works, many realistic works, such as Two Ways, reflect the luxury of the upper class.

Ideological aspect

There are Confucian thoughts in Du Fu's poems, feelings of compassion for the people, concern for the country and the people, feelings of loving the people and strong patriotism, and he is known as a "poet saint". Du Shishan observed the reality of life and society rationally and carefully, and realized the sufferings and joys of the people from his own life experience. He had a strong political consciousness and inherited and carried forward the realistic spirit of The Book of Songs, folk songs of Han Yuefu and Jian 'an literature.

As far as technology is concerned.

Du Shishan writes dialogues and monologues with typical characters and events. Du Fu's poems are also good at lyricism, combining lyricism with narration, and also combining lyricism with scenery writing, leaving feelings in the landscape. Du Fu's narrative pays attention to objective description, so that the story itself can directly infect readers, and there is less discussion.

Linguistic aspect

Du Fu's writing attitude is very serious, his language is refined, his words are accurate, his images are vivid, his colors are rich, and he is good at using folk spoken language.

Genre aspect

Du Fu's works are all good, with five or seven archaic words and quatrains. He often uses different poetic styles to express different contents. The narrative uses classical poems with less metrical restrictions and easy description, while the lyric uses modern poems.

Du Fu created a large number of seven-character metrical poems, which were extensive in content, skillful in technique, attached importance to the antithesis of metrical patterns, rigorous in metrical patterns and refined in language, and made great achievements, making the creation of seven-character metrical poems mature. He also wrote new Yuefu poems, describing the sufferings of society and people's livelihood.

Style aspect

The main style of Du Fu's poems is gloomy, changeable and colorful, or unrestrained, or fresh and delicate, or gloomy and sad, or rich in rhetoric, or plain, or popular and natural. Du Fu's poems absorbed the artistic skills of predecessors and developed into a unique new style. Express one's patriotic thoughts.

Poetry achievement

Du Fu's middle-aged poems are called "the history of poetry" because of his gloomy poetic style and feelings of worrying about the country and the people. Du Fu's poems are composed of 36 poems about immortals in Qing Dynasty, which are characterized by ancient poems and rhythmic poems and have various styles. The word "depressed and frustrated" accurately summarizes his own work style, mainly depression. Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty. Most of his poems involve social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings. His poems reflected the social contradictions and people's sufferings at that time. His poems recorded the historical changes of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, and expressed the lofty Confucian spirit of benevolence and strong sense of hardship, so they were called "the history of poetry". Du Fu is concerned about the country and the people, with noble personality and exquisite poetic skills. Du Fu wrote more than 1500 poems in his life, many of which are famous works that have been handed down from generation to generation, such as Three Officials, Three Farewells and Du Gongbu Collection. Among them, the "three officials" are Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an official and Tongguan official, and the "three farewell" are newly married, homeless and resigned. Du Fu's poems handed down from generation to generation are the most extensive in the Tang Dynasty, and he is one of the most outstanding poets in the Tang Dynasty, which has a far-reaching influence on later generations. Du Fu's works are known as the scars of the world and the sages in poetry. The people are in poverty, and the bottom of the pen is turbulent. He is a realistic poet. [2]

Poetry system

Du Fu is good at using many systems of classical poetry and creatively developing them. He is the pioneer of the new Yuefu poetry style. His Yuefu poems contributed to the development of the new Yuefu movement in the middle Tang Dynasty. His "May 7th" ancient novel, which is also a history of poetry, begins to narrate and focus on the whole story, marking the high achievement of China's poetry art. Du Fu also showed extraordinary creativity in the May 7th law, and accumulated complete artistic experience in the aspects of temperament, antithesis, refining words and sentences, which made this genre reach a fully mature stage. Du Gongbu has been handed down from generation to generation. His works include Imperial Army Recovering the Banks of the Yellow River, Wang Chun, Jueju and Wang Yue.

Du Fu's poems were collected by Du Gongbu. Du Fu's poetic style is gloomy and frustrated. The lasting charm has become a peak in the development history of a generation of poets and China's poetry.