Nursing care of emphysema

Emphysema is generally secondary to chronic bronchitis, which will develop into chronic pulmonary heart disease after a long illness. Therefore, we should do a good job in nursing the symptoms of emphysema. Let's take a look at how to care for this emphysema with me.

Nursing points of emphysema

1. Pay attention to nutrition in diet and supplement protein food. People with heart failure should pay attention to avoid salt If you eat less for a long time, use diuretics and pay attention to supplementing potassium ions. The content of potassium ion in foods such as oranges, bananas and fresh mushrooms is relatively high.

2. Record the patient's daily food intake, water intake and urine output.

3. Smoking is forbidden to avoid inhaling smoke and harmful gases.

4. Patients with chronic respiratory failure in recovery period can take abdominal breathing. Because the gas exchange ability between patients and thoracic respiratory muscles has reached the limit, it is necessary to fully mobilize the auxiliary respiratory function of abdominal diaphragm, improve oxygen intake and effective ventilation to make up for insufficient ventilation and relieve symptoms. Specific methods:

(1) Exhale first. When exhaling, gently press the abdomen with both hands, and the abdominal wall gradually sinks, so that the gas can be exhaled gradually through the mouth. At the same time, shrink your lips into a whistle and let the gas exhale slowly. Prevent the small airway from closing prematurely and ensure the full discharge of gas in the lungs;

(2) Inhale afterwards. When inhaling, the hand is still on the abdomen, but the abdominal wall should be inflated gradually, and the mouth should be closed tightly at the same time, so that the air can be inhaled gradually from the nose, so that the inhaled air can be heated, humidified and filtered to reduce the irritation to the tracheal mucosa;

(3) Take a deep breath and breathe slowly, so that the expiratory time is slightly longer than the inspiratory time, so as to ensure full expiratory in the lungs and reduce physical exertion. According to physical strength, take a standing, sitting or lying position when doing abdominal breathing.

5. Cooperate with physical therapy such as Tai Ji Chuan, Qigong and long-distance running.

6. If the patient suddenly has severe acute breathing, heart failure, gastrointestinal bleeding and other symptoms, he should be sent to the hospital for treatment immediately.

Prevention of emphysema

1, rational drug use

Don't abuse antibiotics, and stop using antibiotics when your condition improves and stabilizes. Antibiotics should not be taken for a long time to avoid drug resistance or infection by other bacteria.

2, diet care

Generally speaking, the first thing a nurse should think about is how to arrange the patient's diet. According to experience, the ideal diet for patients is a vegetarian diet, eat more fruits and liver containing vitamin C and vitamin E, and eat some lean meat and eggs in moderation, but not too much, so as not to increase the burden on the kidneys.

Step 3 keep exercising

Patients should do some appropriate activities according to their personal conditions to improve their disease resistance. Take a walk in the morning, play Tai Ji Chuan and do deep breathing exercises. It can enhance physical fitness and exercise cardiopulmonary function, but we should pay attention to what we can do during exercise to avoid overwork and prevent patients from participating in activities that increase cardiopulmonary function load.

4. Enhance immunity

Because pulmonary heart disease is easy to aggravate in cold season, so winter is a patient with pulmonary heart disease? The gates of hell? . Therefore, it is important to prevent and increase the ability to keep out the cold, first of all, to carry out cold training. The method is: since spring, after rubbing red hands every day, rub the head, face and limbs for 10 minute, and rub the exposed parts of the whole body several times a day, all year round; Wash your nose with cold water every day since summer; Wash your face with cold water from autumn to winter. What matters should the elderly patients with cor pulmonale pay attention to? Strengthen warmth, wear hats, scarves, masks and thick shoes and socks when going out in winter. Ensure the indoor temperature, and don't catch cold at night. If proper measures are taken, patients can spend the winter safely.

5, psychological care

Emotional changes will aggravate the condition. The elderly have poor self-reliance and have been ill for many years, so they are easy to feel inferior. When their families are not properly taken care of for a period of time, they often feel more disappointed and even lose confidence in treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job of psychological counseling for patients and guide them to treat themselves correctly and understand others. In addition, according to personal hobbies, you can participate in some entertainment activities. Maintain a good mood and optimistic mental state. Establishing confidence in overcoming diseases is conducive to the transformation of diseases into health.

After reading the above introduction, I believe everyone has an answer to the treatment of emphysema. In addition to daily diet care, patients with liver disease should also pay attention to regular comprehensive examination in regular liver disease hospitals to understand and master the development of patients with liver disease in time. Once you find any abnormality, remember to take timely treatment measures. Finally, I wish the patient a healthy body as soon as possible.