Why does my cell phone battery not last long in the cold?

The mobile phone batteries we currently use are generally lithium batteries, which are internally composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte between the positive and negative electrodes. When the battery is discharged, lithium ions are precipitated from the negative electrode through a chemical reaction and move to the positive electrode through the dielectric. At this time, the positive electrode is in a lithium-rich state and the negative electrode is in a lithium-poor state. During the activity of lithium ions, the movement of electrons generates current.

Temperature affects the speed of the chemical reaction of the battery. Too low temperature causes the chemical reaction of the lithium battery to be slow, so the discharge current becomes smaller, which directly leads to the reduction of the available capacity of the battery.

So many times we mistakenly believe that the discharge rate of lithium batteries accelerates in winter. In fact, the essence is that the battery capacity of the lithium battery itself decreases.