Organic Chemistry: Inference of Compound Synthesis

1. It can be preliminarily concluded that A is aldehyde, B is alcohol and C is olefin. Starting from the reaction of C with ozone, and then reacting with water in the presence of zinc, propionaldehyde and acetone are obtained. Olefin is oxidized and hydrolyzed by ozone, and the double bond is opened and divided into two parts. A double bond connected with O is a product, so conversely, an olefin is a protoolefin connected with two double bonds, so an olefin is a protoolefin connected with two double bonds. Produces propionaldehyde and acetone, and the olefin is CH3CH2CH=C(CH3)CH3, 2- methyl -2- pentene. C is obtained by dehydration and elimination of B, which may be 2- methyl -2- pentanol or 2- methyl -3- pentanol, and B is an alcohol formed by adding ethyl to A, so there should be ethyl in B, so B is 2- methyl -3- pentanol, CH3CH2CH(OH)CH(CH3)CH3. Then a is 2- methylbutyraldehyde, CH3CH(CH3)CHO.

2, containing 2 O, may be acid or ester. A reacts with NaHCO3 to release CO2, indicating that A is acid, propionic acid CH3CH2COOH, and B is neutral compound, which can be hydrolyzed, so B is ester, and the hydrolysis products are acid and alcohol, and B may be ethyl formate or methyl acetate. C can react with NaHCO3 to release CO2, indicating that it is acidic. D can produce iodoform reaction, which means that it contains the structure of ch 3 hoh- or CH3CO-. D may be methanol or ethanol, but methanol cannot undergo iodoform reaction, so D is ethanol. C is formic acid and b is ethyl formate.