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First aid and transportation for spinal fractures
1. On-site first aid treatment for spinal injuries After spinal fractures, the patient cannot be moved easily. The injured person should be fixed in place according to his post-injury posture. When lying prone, place the vertical board close to the spine in a "I" shape, press the two horizontal boards and place the vertical board horizontally on the shoulders and lumbosacral area respectively. Before fixing, put gauze, cotton and other soft pads on the protruding and concave parts of the spine. Then, first fix the two shoulders and knot the triangle scarf or cloth belt on the chest, and then fix the lumbosacral area. If the injured person is lying on his back and does not need to be moved, you can simply place soft pads under the waist, knees, ankles and sides to fix the body position. 2. Transporting If the accident scene is still dangerous and must be moved, and when transporting the injured to a safe area, care should be taken to avoid bending and twisting of the spine. The wrong holding method of one person lifting the shoulders and the other lifting the legs is absolutely prohibited. For patients with cervical spine fractures, the head and neck should be fixed. If possible, the patient should wear a cervical collar or have a dedicated person support the head or use a wire helmet to fix it. For injured people with thoracolumbar spinal fractures, the spine should always be kept in the neutral position during transportation. At least three people must carry the injured person at the same time. During transportation, three people squat on one side of the injured person, one person supports the shoulder blade, and one person is responsible for the waist. One person holds the straight lower limbs on the buttocks, and moves the patient in a coordinated manner onto the flat surface, into a supine position, with soft cloth padding around the patient. Then, he was quickly transferred to a qualified hospital for further examination and treatment.
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