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Robots can also be used for polishing, drilling, copying milling, screwing nuts and screws. For drilling and copying milling operations, if the accuracy is not high, pre-programming of points or continuous trajectories can be adopted. However, templates should be used in places where drilling positioning requirements are strict. The difficulty of this machining is that unless the robot's wrist is flexible, any dislocation caused by the assembly or the robot itself will damage the template or make the drilling position inaccurate. This problem is solved by using a flexible wrist, which can align the drill bit with the template to drill holes.

1.5 parts handling and transfer

Moving parts or objects from one location to another in the workspace is one of the most common uses of robots. Usually including stacking and unloading two forms of operation. Other important parts loading and unloading uses involve picking up semi-finished or unfinished parts and sending them to machine tools for final processing, which is unsafe for human beings and can be easily completed by robots.

In metal processing, a common task is hot pressing. Because it is necessary to work near a heating furnace, a punching machine, a lathe or a manual drilling machine, such work is dangerous. The robot can resist the high temperature environment, and the program can prevent it from colliding with other processing tools.

1.6 assembly operation

People can assemble a group of different parts into finished products or components by using the good coordinated movements and sense of touch of eyes and hands, but the assembly work is boring and labor is high, so the assembly work is an attractive use of robots. In most of this kind of work, the only external sensing information usually used to show the robot the points to be processed and the operation sequence is whether the parts or components are in a specific position in the work unit room.

1.7 inspection parts

Robots have been used to check the quality of finished parts or assemblies. The automobile industry is a model of improving product quality through inspection automation. The dimensional accuracy of each part of the car body is tested by special testing tools including many movable probes. The distance moved by each probe is compared with a predetermined value to determine whether it is true or not. The system can not only put forward out-of-tolerance components, but also point out potential problems in time. Vision system has been used for this kind of inspection, but it is expensive and not widely used.