Hakka dialect in Jiangxi dialect

There are some similarities between Hakka dialect and Gan dialect, such as the voiced initials in ancient times. Today, reading stops and fricatives is aspirated and unvoiced, and so is Hakka dialect and Gan dialect. But the difference between them is obvious, and the most important point is the dialect difference in self-awareness. People in Hakka areas, old and young, say that their own words are Hakka and call themselves Hakka. Many of them know when and where their ancestors moved here. For example, the Hakkas of Tonggu moved in from Meizhou, Guangdong and Tingzhou, Fujian during the reign of Kanggan in the Qing Dynasty. A Nankang native introduced his ancestral home in Heyuan County, Guangdong Province, and still calls their dialect "Heyuan sound". A Dingnan native said that his ancestors moved from Fujian to Dingnan in Qi Jiguang in the Ming Dynasty. People in the Gan dialect area adjacent to the Hakka dialect area also say that their own words are not Hakka, and they are not Hakka. Although the dialect of Shaxi Township in the south of Yongfeng County has some characteristics of Hakka dialect, it is still based on the characteristics of Gan dialect. The local people said: We don't speak Hakka in Shaxi, but a township in the south is Hakka. For example, Xinfeng County in the south of Jiangxi Province and the nearby countryside speak Southwest Mandarin, but the locals know very well where the dialect in this county is Hakka, and the boundaries have been clearly defined to specific natural villages.

The lexical differences between Gan dialect and Hakka dialect can not be ignored. Gan dialect says "too much tea and cigarettes" and Hakka says "too much tea and cigarettes"; I say "I" in Gan dialect and "Jie" in Hakka dialect. Gan dialect says "yes" and Hakka dialect says "department"; Gan dialect says "live fish" and Hakka dialect says "raw fish" (as opposed to "dead fish"); Gan dialect says "today" and Hakka dialect says "today".

In phonetics, the biggest feature of Hakka dialect is that there are many consonants with sub-voiced initials in ancient times. For example, the phrase "there is a warm and soft horse at the end of the field to buy a collar" is read in many places in Hakka dialect area, while in Gan dialect area, it is almost flat and flat, and is generally pronounced like Mandarin.

In addition, we can see the difference between Hakka dialect and Gan dialect from some scattered syllables. For example, "Ku" is pronounced with the initial [f] in Hakka dialect and "k" in Gan dialect, so people in Hakka areas often abbreviate it as "Yi language". Another example is that the Hakka pronunciation of the word "Fu" begins with [P'] and the Gan pronunciation begins with "F"; Zen begins with [ts'] in Hakka dialect and [ts'] in Gan dialect. In places where the entering tone is divided into yin and yang, the word "six" usually enters the yin and the word "green" enters the yang in Hakka dialect; But in Gan dialect, the word "Qing" is female and the word "Liu" is male.