The Original Text and Interpretation of Children's Language, a Classic of Chinese Studies

The Original Text and Interpretation of Children's Language, a Classic of Chinese Studies

Children's Language is one of the classic works of China's traditional research, written by Lu Desheng in Ming Dynasty. Lu Desheng, a native of Ningling, Henan Province, lived in Jiajing period. He is very concerned about children's education and advocates that children should be educated correctly if they have knowledge. At that time, some children's songs were circulated among the people. For example, he thinks that these children's songs are harmless to children, but they are not good for moral cultivation and later development. So he wrote new children's songs instead of the old ones, thus making this book.

The influence of later generations

The language of this book is easy to understand. Use four words, six words and miscellaneous words (the number of words varies) to publicize some principles of being a man. Since its publication, this book has been very popular and deeply loved by the people, so it has a great influence.

Siyan

Everything you say and do should be peaceful, and nine mistakes are just for panic.

Stand up and talk calmly, don't be frivolous and make people laugh and cry.

Learn to be patient first and rest quickly, which will make you impatient with life and heartless.

Hong Zhong silence can have a few words of nonsense?

There is no need to cover up your mistakes.

Unintentional mistake, stop, almost half wrong, which one is not?

You must admit your mistake and don't lie, so that people can see through who is willing to support you.

If you want to be a good person, you must find a good friend to lead you to yeast. If you are sour, you won't get sweet wine.

When talking to people, you don't have to say you don't like them.

Just hit him in the face and make trouble.

Whoever makes trouble is not afraid of you, but also beware of law and justice.

I hit someone, I scolded myself a few times, and I changed my mind to scold myself.

If you are a stranger, you have a physiology. Who will support you?

The world art industry will learn something. Sometimes poverty will save you from trouble.

Eating, drinking and having fun all day is worse than cattle and horses.

The poor man with the front and rear of the car is fighting for promotion, rest and struggle every day.

It's just that you haven't suffered enough.

Kindness, convenience, cruelty, meanness and obnoxious.

His servant manages him calmly. If he is talented, he won't serve you.

It is also convenient to sleep peacefully, not to accumulate wealth and not to make enemies.

If you want to know your goodness, just play around by yourself and ask your son to be filial to his parents first.

Other people's temperament and I generally understand, from time to time lenient.

Inferiority and incompetence hide from their elders, and outsiders laugh at their parents and praise them.

Don't be a bad person since childhood. It's too late to regret the water under the bridge

People who are greedy for money will not be rewarded and defeated by injustice until they die.

It's cheaper for everyone. Not losing money is a disaster for me, but it is a blessing for myself.

Gentlemen and villains hate you and him, and he will spare you.

Spend today, accumulate the day before, spend today and beg for tomorrow.

Nothing, as long as you live in peace, complain and sigh, and get sick again.

Some people in my family say that I want to listen to the authorities.

What you do during the day is evil to save yourself at night, and it is good to be surprised but not happy.

Angry words, happy words, wild words, anxiety and shame after a while

It is difficult to protect yourself carefully for a hundred years in life.

Read every word of the sage's book, experience the learning of mouth and ear, and eat in your dreams.

Ada

Children are very arrogant when they are young, but they are very affectionate when they are older. Go through all kinds of hardships to raise an enemy. The first good thing in the world is to help the poor. How many words does it take to give up if people don't suffer from natural disasters? The beggar is thirsty and tired, and he can't get a penny all day; Loser soup is full of meat, and you hate it when you eat it. Bee moths are also hungry and cold, and ants know the pain. If anyone is not afraid of death all his life, don't kill anyone. If you admit it yourself, it's hard to say it's you If you fall to the ground, people will not be able to fall to you. Woe to those who are angry at his family's wealth and carefree, some can't help themselves, but their hearts are broken.

Mixed words

Laozi floats all day, and his son drowns ghosts; I stole melons and fruits, and my son killed and set fire to them. Don't look down on gentlemen, and don't teach women to be mean. In life, words account for eight points. You can be crafty, but you can't fool your eyes. It is not difficult for him not to refute, but it is difficult to keep his inner silence. What people say is not necessarily true, and what they hear is only three points. Don't be enemies with little people. Villains have their enemies. Do not harm justice, lest your children insult you. When you look at other women, you have a preference in your eyes; You get bored when people treat you like a woman. A bad name is hard to uncover, but a good word is hard to find. Chewing and choking, walking and tripping. If you are willing to study hard, you will be ashamed to sell firewood and grass; If you don't learn well, you will be praised as an old man. Hurriedly reached the point of failure and walked peacefully on the ground. It's better to talk less than to say more, and it's better to say more than to say less. If you don't let go of a small insult, it will cause a big insult. Heaven has great contributions, and it is forbidden to claim to be self-styled; Heiner has a guilty conscience, and it is forbidden to kneel on both knees. Fight for two ugliness, let two have one.

Full text and notes of children's language

All words and deeds must be peaceful; Ten mistakes and nine mistakes, just to panic.

General idea: all verbal actions should be slow and steady, and leisurely; All the mistakes we made were caused by haste.

Stand quietly, speak calmly, and don't be frivolous and make people laugh and cry.

Main idea: Stand calmly and speak slowly and calmly. Don't be frivolous, it will make people laugh at you.

Learn to be patient first, but don't get angry in a hurry. You are impetuous and rough-hearted, and you will never be happy all your life.

First of all, we must learn not to be afraid of trouble and not to let ourselves go. Impatience and carelessness won't do either, so life won't have a good life.

Can have a few words, see people talk nonsense, Hongzhong kept silent, full of wine.

General idea: Pay attention to your discretion when talking to people, and don't talk nonsense when you meet people. Really knowledgeable and talented people don't do this.

There is no need to hide your mistakes, and you can't hide them. Add a short one.

I have shortcomings and mistakes, so I don't need to hide them. If I can't cover them up, I will add another mistake.

Unintentional mistake, saying don't stop, almost half wrong, which one didn't.

I didn't mean to make a mistake, I just told the truth. Who hasn't made a mistake?

You must admit your mistake, don't lie, and show people who will support you.

General idea: We should have a good attitude to admit our mistakes. Never lie. If you lie, people will see through. Who will help train you?

If you want to be a good person, you must find friends. If the yeast is sour, you won't get sweet wine.

To be a useful person, you should make some good friends and some irresponsible people. How can we succeed?

When you talk to people, you don't have the same intention by looking at their faces. There is no need to force them.

General idea: When talking to people, pay attention to observing other people's expressions. If it's not a couple, it's needless to say.

Say it to your face, don't be rude. Who is your son? You are free.

General idea: When talking about other people's shortcomings in person, we should pay attention to the discretion and not be too strict. Since others are not your children, how can you be angry with you?

Witness in person, the biggest trouble, yes or no, let him say.

General idea: It is the most troublesome and annoying thing to prove in front of others. Let him speak for himself.

Who is not afraid of you, you should also be on your guard. The law is just.

Everyone will be afraid of you if you start a rumor, but remember the consequences of doing so and pay attention to law and morality.

I hit people back, and since there were several times, I swore back and changed my mind to scold myself.

General idea: Beating and swearing will be refuted and countered by others, just like beating yourself and cursing yourself.

Strangers have physiology, and everyone is relieved. Who will support you?

Since you are a learner, you should know the rules of learners. If you only care about leisure, who will support you later?

In this world, you need to know one thing, sometimes being poor is to get you out of trouble.

You must learn a skill to live in the world, especially when you are poor and in trouble, it will help you.

It's better to have plenty of food and clothing, talk nonsense and fool around all day.

General idea: Eating, drinking, wearing warm clothes, wandering around and playing everywhere are even worse.

Leading and trailing, the poor make a living, seek promotion every day, rest and struggle.

If you are poor, if you want to live, you have to pick a load and a car. Make progress every day, don't argue with others, be kind to others and get along well.

It's just that you don't want to win, you have to bear what you encounter.

General idea: if you take something that doesn't belong to you by force, you will never tire of it, and you will definitely encounter unexpected disasters in the future.

Don't do things yourself, don't care, fight for two ugliness, let two have one.

Main idea: It's none of your business. Ignore it. Arguing with others is not good for both sides. Modesty is good for both sides.

I love you very much, but I love you as much as my parents. But it makes me angry, but I'm not an adult.

No one loves me more than my parents. If I make them angry, it will be intolerable and completely inhuman.

Small children are willful and spoiled, and big ones are negative; Go through all kinds of hardships to raise an enemy.

General idea: when a child is young, he indulges and dotes on him, but when he grows up, he goes against his parents' wishes. It was really troublesome, and in the end, it cultivated an unfilial offspring, like an enemy.

Since it hurts, people say something; If you put the correction in your mouth, you will ruin it.

I don't have the heart to hit the child myself, and I don't want others to say it. I couldn't wait to hold him in my mouth, and finally ruined the child's life. It's no use worrying at this time.

Laozi floats all day, and his son drowns ghosts; I stole melons and fruits, and my son killed and set fire to them.

I have a great influence on children, fish begins to stink at the head. All the bad behaviors of Laozi have influenced children to do worse things.

If you are willing to study hard, you will be ashamed to buy firewood and grass; If you don't learn well, you will be praised as an old man.

If you want to be a good person, it is not shameful to bear firewood and buy grass. If the behavior is bad, no matter how high the position is, no matter how big the position is, there is nothing to boast about.

In life, words account for eight points; You can be crafty, but you can't fool your eyes.

A person's life is ruined, which accounts for eight points in his speech, so talking hurts others and harms himself. People's thoughts should be right, and everything behind them can be concealed from others, but not from the sky.

It is not difficult for him to tell, and it is not difficult for him to be silent; What people say is not necessarily true, and what they hear is only three points.

General idea: it is easier to make people stop talking, but it is more difficult to persuade them. People don't always tell the truth, just believe three points when listening.

If you admit that you are not, people will not say anything about you. If you fall to the ground, people will not be able to kick you.

Main idea: if you admit your mistake, others will stop criticizing you; When you fall to the ground, others can't kick you anymore.

In my hurry, I couldn't help walking peacefully in my head; Talk less than talk more, talk less than talk more.

If you are anxious, you will not get benefits, but if you are stable, you will often make a difference. It is better to talk more than to talk less. It is better to say less what others like to hear, so as not to cause conflicts.

Little shame refuses to let go, causing great shame; Don't walk around and don't talk.

I can't bear a little humiliation, but I can bear a big humiliation. Be careful not to walk sideways, talk realistically, and neither expand nor shrink.

Beggars are thirsty and exhausted, and finally they can't get a penny; Loser soup is full of meat, and you hate it when you eat it.

The beggar's children are thirsty and exhausted, begging everywhere, and finally they don't get a penny; The prodigal son still doesn't taste good in front of a full table of delicious food.

The first good thing in the world is to help the poor; If people don't suffer from natural disasters, they will give up in a few words.

The best thing in the world is to help the poor. In fact, if there were no major natural disasters, charity would not cost much.

Bees and moths are also hungry and cold, and ants know pain; Whoever is not afraid to die for life, don't kill life.

Insects are also afraid of hunger, and ants know pain. Who is not afraid of death? Therefore, don't do that kind of killing.

Angry at his family's wealth, there is disaster for those who are carefree; Some people can't help themselves, but they break their hearts.

General idea: others get angry when they get rich, and they are happy when they suffer disasters. Such people are people with low moral character and bad heart.

It is forbidden to say a word of self-assertion, and it is forbidden to kneel for Heiner's deep crimes.

General idea: when you boast about your great achievements, you will feel disgusted; No matter how deep the crime is, it is easy to forgive.

You see the preference in other women's eyes, and you get bored when others look at you.

You feel good peeking at other women, but you are not happy when others peek at your woman.

Continue children's language

Teaching purpose:

1, can read "Continuing Children's Language" as a hymn.

2. Cultivate students' thinking ability and language expression ability.

3. Learn to be a man.

Teaching content; Continuing Children's Language (Excerpt)

Emphasis and difficulty in teaching: understanding the meaning of sentences in the text.

Teaching tool: physical projection.

Teaching time: 2 hours.

Teaching process:

First, stimulate students' interest in learning and introduce new lessons.

Students, what do you do when you see other people's shortcomings? What do you do when others give you good advice or criticism? Student exchange.

In this lesson, the teacher will lead us to learn "continuous children's language", which can teach us how to be a person. Write on the blackboard.

Second, teachers and students cooperate and explore cooperation.

Classic playback

1. Read the couplets on page 9 by yourself. If you don't understand something, please mark it.

2. Read aloud at the same table and check each other to help correct mistakes.

3. Students read together.

4. Put forward what you don't understand.

5, the teacher combined with 10 page to explain what you don't understand.

6. Teachers demonstrate reading.

7. Read it again and find the rhythm.

8. Take the students to read aloud and see who can read it correctly.

Third, click warmly.

The teacher explained the related knowledge of children's continuation language. Continuing Children's Tales was written by Lu Kun in Ming Dynasty. We can learn a lot from it.

Fourth, the activity angle is wide.

1, students practice reciting. Have a recitation contest with that group of students to see who can recite fluently in the shortest time.

2. What other similar statements do you know? Tell it to everyone.

Fifth, fill it into a long bag.

If you do well, give yourself two small stickers, and if you need to continue your efforts, give yourself a small sticker.

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