Fan Shi Fan Shi Volume (3)

It turns out that even the slightest thing that mortals are used to, they must be difficult to succeed, or they will be defeated after several successes. Then, its success will always be peaceful, and there will be no future trouble. If it is easy to succeed by accident, there will be disappointments in the future. The computer of creation cannot be measured, so if you meditate, you can see this truth and be relieved.

Generally speaking, if a person intends to do something, even the smallest thing in daily life, there will be some friction, which makes it difficult to succeed, or it will soon succeed and fail. It took several times to succeed. However, after this repetition, success can remain permanent and safe without any future trouble. If one or two things are easy to succeed by chance, then unpleasant things will happen in the future. In the world, the development and changes of things are immeasurable. Calm down and think about it, you will understand this truth, and you can let go of the success or failure of things.

Comment on Emperor Taizong's "18-year-old army, 24-year-old world, 29-year-old prince".

In the meantime, they fought in the north, swept away the heroes, became attached to their brothers, and ruined their brothers Yuanji, fighting for the throne in the Ninth Five-Year Plan. When Emperor Taizong ascended the throne, the national economy was still in ruins, disasters occurred frequently in various places, social contradictions had not been alleviated, and people's hearts were not very stable. How to govern this country and heal the wounds of war has become an urgent problem to be solved. Emperor Taizong was born in the prosperous period of the Sui Dynasty, and experienced the turmoil at the end of the Sui Dynasty and the demise of the Sui Dynasty, especially the demise of the Sui Dynasty, which left a profound influence on his heart.

Taking the death of the Sui Dynasty as a mirror is an endless topic for Emperor Taizong and his close ministers during the Zhenguan period. Sui Dynasty was a very powerful and prosperous unified empire. Its grain reserves can be used for fifty years. When Yang Di ascended the throne, the whole country was rich, but in less than thirteen years, the country fell apart and died short-lived. What is the reason? Emperor Taizong himself summed up: First, because Emperor Yang Di "managed the palace extensively and made friends with his superiors", he left the official hall, from Chang 'an to Luoyang, and even to Bing and Zhuo Jun, "moving in opposite directions, all over the place". The second is that beautiful women are rare and welcome. In the early Tang Dynasty, Chang 'an was peaceful, and Li Shimin saw in Sui Palace that "beautiful women are rare, and there is no dissatisfaction with the courtyard", which shows that Emperor Yang Di was insatiable. The third is "East-West conquest, belligerence". In a word, Emperor Yang Di relied on his own wealth, regardless of future troubles, and the corvee kept on, so the people could not live. Arouse resistance, and eventually "national subjugation and extinction", which is laughed at by the world. All this is the personal experience of Emperor Taizong. Therefore, he "profoundly warned himself." From the lessons of the Sui King, he also deeply realized that the fate of the feudal dynasty was determined by destiny, but "happiness, good and evil were also determined by personnel." Perhaps because he was the second emperor of Emperor Taizong, Emperor Taizong was also interested in the history of Qin's death, which had the same characteristics as that of Sui. He thought that Qin "leveled the six countries and had four religions", but he was "extravagant and easy to punish" and the result was "destroyed by two". Therefore, he came to the conclusion that "the blessing of good will be postponed, and the year of evil will not last forever (the succession is not long)". Emperor Taizong further understood the power of the broad masses of peasants. He said: "What is lovely and not worth fearing is given priority by others, and what is helpless is abandoned by others. Honest and awesome. " Said to Wei Zhi: "The monarch, the boat is also; People, water also. Water can carry a boat or overturn it. " Taizong was deeply impressed. I also discussed "Jundao" with the minister. He said: "The monarch depends on the country and the country depends on the people. Carve the people to serve the king, but still cut meat to fill their stomachs, and the stomach will die, and the king will be rich and the country will die. The trouble of old friends comes not from the outside world, but often from the outside world. If a husband wants to be prosperous, he will spend a lot of money, and if he spends too much, he will be heavy. If you are serious, you will worry about the people. If the people are worried, the country will be in danger, and if you die, you will lose. " He added, "A husband running a country is like planting a tree. Roots don't shake, branches and leaves flourish. " Therefore, he pointed out: "Those who are kings must save the people first. "If you are safe in this world, you must be in this world first. ""to save the people is to let the people live and work in peace and contentment. "Just like this, the monarch must" restrain his feelings against his desires, restrain himself and encourage himself ",restrain his excessive luxury desires, and not damage the farming season and toss the people because of his impulses. That is, "if you don't do anything, people will be happy, and if you want more, people will suffer." Thus, the ruling thought of "governing by doing nothing" was formed between the monarch and the minister. With his extraordinary talent and the courage of a mature politician, Emperor Taizong abolished torture, promoted the system of equal land, reformed the political system, listened to opinions, knew people well, and opened up a new road, which can be said to have reached the highest standard of a feudal emperor. Thus, it laid a century-old foundation for his descendants, benefited the people, and set an example for emperors in previous dynasties. Today, some of his practices and thoughts are still worth learning, and his anecdotes have been talked about by the people for thousands of years.

From Emperor Taizong, we can also see the image of Yang Di. He doesn't know that it is difficult to start a business. After inheriting his father's footsteps, in the face of such a rich and powerful empire, he indulged in luxury and knew that he would die if he did not advance. Instead, he said, "Good start, who will cut it?" From the above two emperors, we can find that Yuan's words are not absurd.

Congenital deficiency, make up the day after tomorrow.

The virtue of primitive people is based on talent, and everyone is biased. A gentleman knows his bias, so he makes up what he has learned. He is a man of virtue. Most people don't know their own prejudices, but they stand up to their own prejudices, so they lose more. There are nine virtues in the book, such as generosity, softness, willingness, chaos, disturbance, straightness, simplicity, rigidity, strength and talent; The so-called reason, reason, fairness, classics, righteousness, literature, association, explanation and righteousness are all used to it. This saint is also a saint. Later generations have those who are impatient to worship Wei, and those who are slow to worship string are also close to this. Although, the so-called own prejudice suffers unconsciously and needs to ask others to know.

People's morality and personality have their own defects from birth. A learned and cultured person knows his own shortcomings, so he makes up for them by strengthening his study, and then becomes a person with perfect moral character. Ordinary people don't know their own shortcomings, but they are dominated by such shortcomings and act arbitrarily, leading to many mistakes. There are nine virtues in Shangshu, namely "generosity, softness, willingness, disorder, disturbance, straightness, simplicity, rigidity and strength". These are natural; And "reason, reason, engineering, classics, righteousness, literature, connection, competition and righteousness" are all developed through learning. This is why sages become sages. It is also for this reason that some people with acute problems will wear sweaters, while those with chronic problems will wear tight bows and arrows. Even so, my own shortcomings are often miserable because I can't know, and I have to ask others to know.

Comment on The Analects of Confucius? Part 22 of the Selected Works says this: Luz asked, "What will you do when you hear the news?" Confucius said, "Si Wen must do it."

Gong Xihua said: "I also asked Wen Wang Si about this matter. Confucius said that there are fathers and brothers; Ask Si Wen everything, and Confucius says Si Wen will do it. " I dare not ask. "Confucius said:" Seek to retreat, so enter; "I am also modest, so I resigned."

The truth that Confucius said is translated into vernacular: Ran Qiu always flinches from doing things, so I want to encourage him to move forward; Zhong You, if he is bold and daring, I will crush him.

Historical records? There is a passage in Biography of Xiang Yu: Wang Xiang and Xiang Bo sit in the east, and Ya Fu sits in the south. Father Fan Zeng also. Pei Gong sat in the north, while Sean waited in the west. Fan Zeng has many kings, three of which are shown in the jade slips she wears, while Wang Moran should not. Fan Zengqi summoned Xiang Zhuang and said, "Your Majesty cannot bear to live. If you want to live a long life, please dance your sword and kill Pei Gong for hitting him. " If you don't, if you belong to all, you will be captured. " .。 Wang Xiang was given a seat by the wall. Father was beaten by jade. He drew his sword, broke it and said, "Alas! "If you don't have a plan, you will be rewarded with the title of king of a country. I am here to win! "

Confucius persecuted Lutz, but Lutz did not change his nature. Father lifted the jade Jue, but Wang Xiang remained silent. Can human nature be changed? Even so, a gentleman must struggle.

Everyone has his own strengths.

Although human sexual behavior is short-lived, it must have advantages. When you make friends with people, you can't be in the same place if you see their shortcomings; If you always read its advantages, regardless of its disadvantages, you can be friends with it for life. Although a person's character and conduct have shortcomings, they should also have strengths. When dealing with people, if you always pay attention to their shortcomings and ignore their advantages, it will be difficult for you to get along with people even for a moment. On the contrary, if you always think about the advantages of others and don't care about their shortcomings, you can live in harmony even if you meet them all your life.

Guan Zhong often played with Bao when he was a child. Bao Shu knew that Guan Zhong was very talented. Guan Zhong's family was poor, and he often cheated Bao Shu, who was always very kind to Guan Zhong, so there was no discord. Later, he chose the son of Qi, and Guan Zhong chose Gong Zijiu. When Xiaobai became a monarch and Huan Gong, Gong Zijiu was killed and Guan Zhong became a prisoner. Bao Shu recommended Guan Zhong to Huan Gong. Duke Huan appointed Guan Zhong as Prime Minister. With his help, Qi Huangong became the overlord and nine princes, and conquered the world.

Guan Zhong was very grateful to Bao Shu for saying, "When my family was poor, I often did business with Bao Shu. When sharing money and profits, I often gave myself more points. Uncle Bao didn't call me greedy because of this, but he knew my family was poor. I was going to get rich with Uncle Bao, but I became poor because of it. Uncle Bao doesn't think I'm stupid, but he knows that the weather has advantages and disadvantages. I was an official three times and was fired three times. Uncle Bao didn't think I was bad, but he knew I was unlucky. I escaped three times in three battles. Uncle Bao doesn't think I'm timid, but he knows I care about my old mother. After Miyako failed to become emperor for a long time, Zhao suddenly died, but I was willing to drag out an ignoble existence because of humiliation. Uncle Bao doesn't think I have no sense of shame, knowing that I'm not ashamed of details. I'm ashamed that I can't make achievements and be famous all over the world. My parents gave birth to me, but Bao Zi knows me! " People all over the world praise Guan Zhong not because of his talent, but because Bao Shu can read people. Laozi said: the inch has its advantages, and the ruler has its shortcomings. Confucius said: gold is not enough, and no one is perfect. As the saying goes, even the cleverest person has a thousand troubles, but he will eventually lose them. A fool who cares very much will eventually gain something. Ping Yuanjun's death depended on the crowing of a thief crossing the city gate and a shotgun, so he had a good rest in three caves. From this perspective, this passage of Yuan is not particularly innovative, but it is also a necessary accomplishment.

Don't underestimate your enemy with jealousy.

In the original text, those who are always slow-witted, hypocritical, jealous and suspicious, bring disgrace to oneself treats others, and a gentleman does not care about virtue. Slow-hearted people are not as good as others, but frivolous. When you meet the enemies below you and those who want something from us, you are rude in front of them and secretly sneer behind them. If you can go back to the province, you will sweat with shame. A hypocrite's words are tortuous, if rough, but the center is quite different. For a time, people believed it, but if it was used repeatedly, it would be exposed and spurned. People who are jealous often want me to be superior, so people who praise people's beauty are indignant and have other ideas; People are not as happy as others, so why do you hurt others and only complain? Suspicious people, people's words, never intentionally, just think over and over again: "What's so funny about this?" Why are you laughing at me? "That you had been enemies with others, often sprout here. Sages are ridiculed, but if they don't smell it, it's no trouble!

If you always treat others with arrogance, hypocrisy, jealousy and suspicion, then you are asking for contempt and insult from others. A gentleman of noble character would not do that. Arrogant people are obviously inferior to others, but they like to despise others. What do you want from yourself when you see people who are not as good as yourself? Not only do you not treat people with courtesy in person, but you also secretly laugh at others behind their backs.

If such a person can reflect on himself, he may be ashamed and sweat. People who are hypocritical in heart have euphemistic words and seem to be very kind to others, but their hearts are quite different.

This kind of person may believe it for a while and admire it, but after dealing with him for two or three times, his true colors are exposed. Finally, I was spit out. Jealous people often want to put themselves above others, so when they hear others praise their advantages, they will feel wronged and think that this praise is wrong; When I hear that others are inferior to others and have defects, I feel gratified and smile from the heart. This kind of behavior is actually harmful to others, but it only increases others' antipathy to you. A suspicious person may say something casually, but he will always think, "What are you mocking me for?"? What on earth are you laughing at me for? " This kind of hatred between people often begins from this. A wise man listens to the ridicule of others as if he didn't hear it, so he doesn't have to save a lot of trouble!

Critics say The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a wonderful book. Even if it is reasonable, there is nothing wrong. For example, Sun Quan, who was slow to respond, lost Pang Tong; Cao Cao, who was suspicious, killed Bo Luxury; Liu Bei, who was ill-intentioned, fell in an somersault; Yuan Shu and Zhou Yu, who were jealous, were laughed at by the whole world. Here, we should warn jealous Yuan Shu and Zhou Yu.

On that day, Dong Zhuo killed Emperor Han Ling with the power of dominating, and Jin Meng, a group of heroes, took Yuan Shao as the ally and vowed to behead Dong Zhuo. Yuan Shao ordered his younger brother, Yuan Shu, to provide food and grass to be put into the camp. Make Sun Jian a pioneer and meet the challenge of Surabaya. Sun Jian took Cheng Pu, Han Dang, Dong Gai and Zu Mao to kill Hu Zhen, the lieutenant of Hua Xiong, and reported the good news to Yuan Shao, so he urged food in Yuan Shu. Or someone advised Yuan Shu to say, "Sun Jian is a tiger to the east of the Yangtze River. If you break Luoyang and kill Dong Zhuo, you will get a tiger from the wolf. " If we don't pay rations today, the army will be distracted. "Yuan Shu listened, thinking about activities, and listened to it. Make Sun Jian escape, mess and flee, and damage the general Zu Mao.

After Zhou Yu deceived Jiang Gan with a trick, he said to Lu Su, "I didn't expect the generals to know this trick. Only Zhuge Liang knows better than me. I can't hide this trick. " Amethyst tried to pick it out in words to see if he knew it, so that he could repay it easily. Unexpectedly, Kong Ming told him straight away: "I hope you don't say this in front of Gong Jin." When Lu Su went back to tell Zhou Yu the above facts, Zhou Yu was shocked and said, "This person must not stay. I'm determined to break up with him! " Sue's persuasion may make Cao Cao laugh. Yu said, "I will punish him fairly and teach him to die without complaint." So the story of the grass boat borrowing an arrow was born. "Afterwards, kongming said to lu su. . Gong Jin told me that after ten days' work, craftsmen should not stop expecting that they would commit romantic crimes and understand that they would kill me. My life depends on the sky. How could Gong Jin hurt me? "Zhou Yu lamented," Kong Mingyou sleeve, but I might as well give it a try. "Have to refuse to accept. However, he tried to kill Kong Ming several times later.

Zhou Yu used Huang Gai's risk and Kan Ze's deception to get Pang Shiyuan to offer a series of tricks. It can be said that everything is ready, except for fire to attack Cao Cao. His heart is full of ambition. Unexpectedly, a gust of wind blew the flag horn across his face, and Zhou Yu suddenly remembered something. If he wants to attack with fire, he must rely on the wind. At this time of winter, there is only a northwest wind. Where can there be a southeast wind? At that time, the fire did not kill Cao Ying, but Sun Ying. Let out a cry, and then fall back, vomit blood, unconscious. When Kong Ming visited the sick, Zhou Yu said: People are doomed to misfortune. Kong Ming said, "There are unexpected clouds in the sky." Speaking of Zhou Yu's heart. Zhou Yu then asked Kong Ming to borrow the southeast wind. 1 1 In the middle of the night of October 20th, the wind was strong and the flag was spinning. When Zhou Yu went out to see the account, the flag foot actually floated to the northwest. At the moment, the southeast wind is blowing hard. Zhou Yu said in horror: "This man has the ability to seize heaven and earth, and ghosts and gods are unpredictable!" If we keep this man, he will be the bane of Wu Dong. We should kill him earlier, so that we don't have to worry about the next day. So he ordered Ding Feng and Xu Sheng to take people to the Seven Star Altar in Nanping. Don't ask any more questions, arrest Zhuge Liang, chop him up and recommend him. If it weren't for Kong Ming's wisdom, he would have made contributions and become a ghost under the sword. Zhou Yu said, "This man is resourceful and keeps me awake at night! "Later, Zhou Yu invaded Xichuan, begged his son-in-law, took Jingzhou, and everything fell behind Zhuge Liang. When the arrow wound came back, he looked up at the sky and sighed, "If you were born, how can you understand? "Even called several times, died, only 36 years old. Even Lu Su had to say, "Kongming was naturally affectionate, but he was too narrow-minded in front of everyone and killed himself. "

Loyalty and awe are the skills of saints.

Faithfulness and respect in the original words is the way that saints teach people to attach importance to country songs. If you build wealth, you will benefit yourself without hurting others. When you are in trouble, you may want to get benefits from others, so-called loyalty. I didn't promise. It's not easy to keep your promise, not at all. The so-called faith is also. Honesty is the so-called loyalty. Humble manners, humble words, so-called respect. If you can do this, you will not only attach importance to country songs, but also be complacent. However, things that are respected do no harm to themselves, and the world can do quite well. However, affectation is false, and its center is frivolous. Is a person who can be respected but not loyal. The gentleman refers to it as a slap, but the villagers don't return it for a long time.

It is a way for saints to teach people how to gain the respect of villagers to pay attention to the principle of keeping words and doing deeds. Nothing more than doing things that harm others and benefit themselves in terms of property; At the critical moment, don't do things that hinder others and facilitate yourself. This is what people call "loyalty". Once you make a promise to someone, even the smallest thing must have a result; Once you make a regular appointment, there is no delay. This is what people call "faith". Treat people with enthusiasm and kindness, and be honest and sincere in heart. This is what people call Benedict. Politeness, prudence and modesty are what people call "respect". If you can be faithful and respectful, you will not only gain the respect of the villagers, but also do everything smoothly. However, respect others, because there is no loss to yourself, the world can still do it. However, if you can't be consistent in appearance, treat people well on the surface, but despise people at heart, then you can be "respectful" instead of "loyal", and gentlemen will call him an apple polisher. As time goes on, the villagers will no longer respect him.

Comment on Zhou Yu's death, Lu Su succeeded as commander-in-chief and president. Lu Su said to Sun Quan, "Su Su is mediocre and mediocre, but he was wrongly recommended by Gong Jin, but he didn't actually take his post. I want to raise someone to help my master. This person is familiar with astronomy and geography; Strategy does not belong to management and pleasure, but the cardinal can be integrated with Sun and Wu. " In the past, Zhou Gongjin often used his words, and Kong Ming was convinced of his wisdom. Now, why not use them in Hainan? "I was overjoyed and asked the man's name. Su Su said, "This man is from Xiangyang. His last name is Pang. His name is Shi Yuan and his road number is Mr. Feng Chu. "

Quan said, "I've heard about it for a long time." Since I'm here, please come and see me. "So Lu Su invited Pang Tong to see Sun Quan. After the ceremony, everyone saw that his eyebrows were thick and his beard was short. He described it strangely and didn't like it. He asked: "What is the most important thing about fair learning? "Unification said:" There is no need to arrest, improvise. Quan said, "How can public schools win?" ? Xiao Tong said, "What some people have learned is very different from what Gong Jin has learned. Quan liked Zhou Yu best in his life, but he was indifferent to reunification and even more unhappy. He said, "Let's retire and come back when it is useful." The system sighed. Lu Su said, "Why didn't your master use Pang Shiyuan?" "What's the use of a madman?" Say it all. Su Su said, "The battle in Chibi was defeated. This man once made suggestions and made great contributions. Your Excellency must know. "If Cao Cao wants to book a boat today, this man may not be able to do it. I swear I won't use it. " Lu Su went up to Pang Tong and said, "If you don't recommend me, Nai Wuhou won't have to go to court. Be open and be patient. " Everyone bowed their heads and sighed. Su Su said, "Are you not Wu Zhongzhi? "There is no answer. Su Su said, "What's the harm in having a talent? "Can you really tell Su Yan what you want?" "I want to vote for Cao Cao." Su Shi said, "This is a pearl cast behind me." If you can vote for Liu Huangshu in Jingzhou, you will definitely use it again. Tong Yue said, "Yi Tong really wants this. The preface is a joke." Sunai recommended Liu Bei.

The doorman played: "Pang Tong, a famous man in the south of the Yangtze River, has come to hit it off." Liu Bei heard Tong Ming's name for a long time, so he invited him in to meet him. See Liu Bei, but do not worship him. Liu Bei was unhappy when he saw that the child was ugly, so he said to him, "It's not easy to take a big step?" Tong Tong refused to present Lu Su and Kong. Instead, he said, "I heard that Uncle Ru has recruited talents and scholars, and I have come to hit it off." Liu Bei said: "Jingchu is a little determined and has no idle errands;" One hundred and thirty miles northeast, there is a county named Leiyang County, which is occupied by Qu Gong. If something is missing later, it must be reused. " The general thought, "How unkind Liu Bei is to me!" If you want to learn by talent, you have to leave reluctantly when you see Kong Ming is not here. Unified to Leiyang county, ignoring political affairs, drinking all day for fun! All lawsuits for money and food have been ignored. Someone reported that everything in Leiyang County was going to be ruined. Liu Bei was angry and said, "How dare you contradict Confucianism and mess with my statutes!" Then Zhang Fei was called in to lead his entourage to inspect the counties in southern Jingnan. Without Pang Tong's shallow knowledge and Zhang Fei's admiration, Liu Bei would have missed Daxian.

Xin Qiji said: Children should be like Sun Zhongmou. In other words, Sun Zhongmou was a hero when he was young. Zhuge Liang said that Liu Huangshu's benevolence and righteousness are universal, that is to say, Liu Xuande has benevolence and is a dragon and phoenix among people. However, people judge people by their appearances, but they are superficial and exist in name only. Instead, it is not as good as Lu Su and Kong Zhiming.

Lu Su's recommendation said: Pang Shiyuan is not a talent of a hundred miles. . Judge a person by his appearance, and he will be used by others for fear of losing what he has learned. Kong Ming said: If the Great Sage is in a small position, he is always confused by wine and tired of seeing things. Sun Quan and Liu are what Yuan Cai called "respect and disloyalty".