Shen Tu Zhiyuan's Notes on Classical Chinese

1. Search Shen Tu Zhi Yuan Shen Tu Zhi Yuan, the word is very useful, his ancestors were from the capital of song dynasty. At the end of Jin Dynasty, he moved to Dongping Shouzhang with his father Shen. Zhiyuan studied in Fu Xue, enjoying the same fame as Li Xi and Meng Qi. When sai-jo went south, Shen Tu Zhiyuan was recommended as the governor of the Economic Management Department. He planned most secret affairs in the army. The army returned and arrived in Suizhou. The captured men and women were released by Shen Tu Zhiyuan. In the tenth year of the Yuan Dynasty, Yushitai recruited him as an official, but Shen Tu Zhiyuan did not go to his post.

After the Southern Song Dynasty was pacified, Jiao Youzhi and Yang Jukuan were appointed as ambassadors of Zhejiang Province and recommended him to do everything. Shen Tu Zhiyuan first suggested: "The books and collections of the Song Dynasty should be turned over to the imperial court; The study fields in Jiangnan should still be used to supply schools. " The province followed his advice. Lin 'an was changed to Hangzhou, and Shen Tu Zhiyuan was promoted to the general manager's office. Yang Junjie, nephew of Yang Zhen in Song Dynasty, had a rich family. The petty official guarding the money gloriously stole his money. He was afraid that things would be exposed, framed and secretly colluded with Song Chaoguang and Yi Wang, and his ministers tortured him. Yang Junjie pleaded not guilty and the case was solved. Shen Tu Zhiyuan considered the case and learned the truth. Glory pleaded guilty, and Yang Jiejie took property as a reward. Zhiyuan angrily rejected him. There is a man named Jinyuan in Hangzhou who wants to pretend to be a Confucian scholar. Peng Hong, a professor of Confucianism, disagreed. Jinyuan framed Peng Hong for writing poems and rebelled. When Shen Tu Zhiyuan learned the truth, he arrested Jin Yuan and tried his best to interrogate him, thus exposing his crimes.

2. Bao Jun's translation of classical Chinese:

Once upon a time, a man set a rope net to catch a roe, and he caught a roe. The owner didn't notice, and a passer-by stole it away. (Passers-by) I feel embarrassed to think about it, so I put the salted fish with me in the net and left. When the original owner came back, he was surprised to see the salted fish in the rope net there. He thought it was sacred and dared not take it back.

The villagers built a temple here called Baojun. Later, many people believed in the patron of this temple. The sick man recovered unexpectedly after asking for god's protection, what's more, this god is particularly clever.

Seven or eight years later, the man who put salted fish in the net passed by the temple and asked what was going on. The villagers told him truthfully. The owner of the salted fish said, "This is my salted fish! Good god! " So the matter was settled.

Original text:

People used to set traps to catch fish eggs, but they didn't feel it. A pedestrian stole it, but he was heartless and left with abalone in his pocket. When our host came, he got abalone in the pond. He thought he was a god and dared not return. So he built a house and a temple, and named it Baojun. Those who serve too much, get sick or recover occasionally in the future will be called God. 1978, the owner of abalone went to the bottom of the temple and asked him why. Nye said, "This is my abalone. Why is there a God? " So it is a rest.

Jū: a net for catching rabbits, generally referring to a net for catching wild animals; Get without feeling: get without finding. Strange: blame ... flexible use of parts of speech and adjectives as verbs.

From: Song Liyun, Hu Meng, Xu Xuan, etc.

Extended data

Moral:

Everything should be carefully thought out, calmly analyzed, investigated and asked, and don't follow suit, believe in unscientific things and make jokes. Actively explore the truth; Dare to question.

The author's achievements:

Liu Yun, one of the representatives of Bai Juyi, followed the poetic style of the middle and late Tang Dynasty and imitated Bai Juyi's poetic style.

Li Yun's family collected many stories of Han and Tang Dynasties and compiled them into 200 volumes of Kaibao Yi Tong. Emperor Taizong acceded to the throne, added assistant minister of the Ministry, and participated in the compilation of books such as Records of the Emperor Taizu. Taiping rejuvenating the country for eight years (983), participated in politics and studied national history. I have worked in Sanguan for more than a lifetime, and I am familiar with the books and literature anecdotes in the museum.

Open a learning library to extend the bachelor's degree, so that you don't have to see your master reading, but get off the horse and study directly. I live in a garden villa, and the library grave is surrounded by books, calling friends and friends, and being entertained by famous Confucianism.

He also participated in the compilation of the History of the Old Five Dynasties, with 50 volumes of collected works, which have now been lost. There are two volumes in the whole song dynasty, and there are poems in the whole song dynasty There are 1 poems in the whole Tang Dynasty, 2 poems in the whole Tang Dynasty and 1 poems in the whole Tang Dynasty.

3. Explain Chen Zhongju's Li Xian in classical Chinese:

Chen Zhongju speaks as a scholar, pretends to be a model of the world, gets on the bus and has the ambition to clarify the world. When he arrived, he asked where Xu Ruzi was and wanted to have a look first. The main thin said: "Group desire comes first." Chen Yue said: "The style of the King of Wu is like the face of a businessman, and the seat is not warm. My courtesy, why not! "

Translation:

Chen Zhongju's words and deeds became a model for scholars at that time. As soon as the official took office, he had the ambition to clarify the world. When he was a magistrate in Zhang Yu, he asked Xu Ruzi where he lived and said that he wanted to visit him as soon as he arrived in Nanchang. The master said, "The big guy means to let the prefect go to the yamen first." Chen Zhongju said, "Once upon a time, Zhou Wuwang rode by the door of Saint Shang Rong and bowed down to him. Be respectful and polite. I'm not idle. I am going to visit the sage. Why not? "

Chen Zhongju's words and deeds became a model for scholars at that time. As soon as the official took office, he had the ambition to clarify the world. When he was a magistrate in Zhang Yu, he asked Xu Ruzi where he lived and said that he wanted to visit him as soon as he arrived in Nanchang. The master said, "The big guy means to let the prefect go to the yamen first." Chen Zhongju said, "Once upon a time, Zhou Wuwang rode by the door of Saint Shang Rong and bowed down to him. Be respectful and polite. I'm not idle. I am going to visit the sage. Why not? "

4. Jia Sanjin's Notes on Classical Chinese Jia Sanjin, whose name is Xiu De, is from yi county. Qin Long was a scholar for two years. Choose Jishi Shu and teach officials to do things. In June of four years, I said, "Those who are well governed are law-abiding and obedient to the people, but they go too far." . The order of this temple is not believed by counties, and the order of counties is not believed by Wang. The more urgent you rent, the more urgent you rush, the more comfortable you chase, the lighter your punishment and the lighter your death. Positive losses, the need for supplies, and the cost of the frontier, although it is impossible to lose a penny. There is nothing wrong with the power grid system. In addition, most of the prisoners are people who cheer up and gather things, while those who are light, lenient and easy, although they keep orders with virtue, their heart of peace maintenance gradually shifts to harsh inspection, and their thoughts of comforting words are pulled away from the loss of expropriation, so the people are not sleepy. Begging for precepts is a law-abiding thing, and the prison is the least important, but it is a great achievement and a great loss. "All the time, after the soothing words, the ministers met with the county magistrate, and the rate was heavy and light. The same forbearance is also a caressing word in Jinshi, and it is a palliative in raising people. The same strictness is smart among Jinshi and severe among juren. People who think that they support others are either arrogant, unwilling to choose people or bound their feet. Let encouragement be the way, because encouragement. " A letter to all of Yu Yun.

In the first year of Wanli, Chen Bo and Wang Mo of Pingjiang married the Queen Mother and got married in Huguang Town. 3. Approaching the filth, but not sending it away. When it comes to shipping, turn over the boat and stop using the last three words. At the beginning, it was ordered to levy an eight-point rate, and those who failed to meet the standards were punished. Please reduce one point for the poor, and observe it. China official Wen Tai asked me to pay all the customs duties and salt in Neiku, saying that I should pay taxes on the principal and wages. It's a waste of time to farm today, and it's not good to drive. If I insert the money, I will miss the plan. Discussion is sleeping.

Twelve years, called palm GuangLu, its autumn, worship the right-handmaiden suggestion, governor Baoding. Gifford is hungry. Good loan. Call Dali Qing. If you don't, you have to provide for the elderly. I said goodbye to the old man from the right assistant minister of the Ministry of War. This is not allowed. Looking for a chess piece. (Excerpted from the Biography of Jia Sanjin in Ming Dynasty, with deletion)

Translation:

Jia Sanjin, a native of Yixian County, is named Xiu De. Qin Long was a scholar for two years. After being elected as Jishi Shu, he was awarded an official position. In June of four years, Shang Shu said:' People who govern well follow the law, which means what the people want, except those who transgress. At present, the orders of the imperial court are not believed in counties, and neither are the orders of counties and people. It is more urgent to reduce or exempt taxes, but when it comes to disaster relief, it is still the same as before to recover taxes owed and reduce punishment, but people who die unjustly abound. Normal taxes, goods supplied to the imperial court, and expenses needed by the frontier can't be reduced even if they want to. No one can change these rules. Moreover, most officials in charge of supervision and inspection choose energetic and eventful people, and despise tolerant and peaceful people. Although they are virtuous and orderly, their heart of comforting and supporting the people has gradually become harsh and shrewd, and their thought of comforting and loving the people has been taxed and imported into the government, which has changed day by day. How can people not be trapped? The request warns officials to abide by the law, and the prison hall should not covet the immediate achievements and lose its generosity. "

Later, he wrote: "The governor treats state and county officials with ministers, and pays more attention to scholars than people. And generous. When I arrived in Jinshi, I was given a pension. When it comes to raising people, it is considered connivance. It is also strict. When it comes to Jinshi, it is considered to be meticulous. When it comes to Juren, it is considered to be harsh and cruel. As a juren, you won't be awarded an official until your head is bald and your teeth are missing; Some people stop, destroy their official uniforms and give up the idea of being an official. And is juren short of talents? They should be allowed to work hard on this career path and be encouraged according to what they have done. " The imperial edicts have all been agreed.

In the first year of Wanli, Chen Bo and Wang Mo of Pingjiang were promoted to defend Huguang because they were in-laws of the Queen Mother. Jia Sanjin exposed his dirty behavior, so he didn't send it. At that time, shipping had just started and many ships sank, so this labor force was removed because of three recent comments. At first, it was ordered to collect taxes at an eighth rate, and if it was not enough, it was criticized and punished.

Sanjin demanded a reduction of one point for people with poor land, and the emperor obeyed in the imperial edict. China official Wen Tai asked me to pay all customs duties and salt taxes to Neiku. Sanjin proposed that the tariff on salt was originally supplied to the border customs. Nowadays, most of the border crossings are deserted, and the court took the lead in destroying this rule. This is all that the frontier fortress relies on. If it is all given to the palace, it will definitely delay the plan of border clearance. The discussion stopped.

In the twelfth year, the court recalled Guanglu Temple. In the autumn of this year, the official worshipped Uncle You as an imperial advisor and governor of Baoding. The famine near Kyoto was serious, and three recent rescues were effective. Was recalled by the court to worship Dali Qing. I didn't take office because my parents went home to support the elderly when they were old. As the right assistant minister of the Ministry of War, he resigned because of his advanced age, but he was not allowed. He died soon.

5. Ming Shi Kong Jinchuan translated classical Chinese into Ming Shi? On Kong Jinchuan's Translation

original text

Kong Jin is from Yang Shan. My father died young, and my mother Xie Jia died in March, giving birth to gold. Mother forced Jia to marry and threw herself into the river. Jinchang, he sued the government many times and was invincible. It is said that bribery wants to kill gold, and gold begging for food is out of reach. Go back to the grave and cry day and night. The villagers were in charge of state affairs, but Zhang, the magistrate, kept his promise and made a difference. It was really a big deal. Keep your promise for a few days, and you'll be free. Jin Fu complained endlessly, and he was torn to pieces. I have caressed the old Jane, but I still sit and talk, and I have died in prison. Jin also has filial piety. When his father is ill, drinking his stock as soup can cure the disease in advance. Compared with the pawn, Lu's tomb was destroyed. Forty-three years in Wanli, father and son got along.

Reference translation

Kong Jin is from Shanyang County. My father died early, and my mother Xie gave birth to Kong Jin three months after his father died. Later, Kong Jin's mother was forced to get married by Du Yan, a big businessman, and threw herself into the river and died. When Kong Jin grew up, he sued officials many times, but he failed to make amends. Du Yan (bribing officials) wanted to kill Kong Jin, so Kong Jin fled to Beijing to beg all the way, beating gongs and drums to tell his grievances, but they failed to reach the holy place, and the grievances were rehabilitated. (Kong Jin) Go back to his father's grave and cry day and night. Fellow countryman Liu Qing and others (for Kong Jin) stated their grievances to the magistrate, and the magistrate Zhang Shouyue was very surprised at this matter. He called Kong Jinli and the officials in charge of marriage (to verify the facts) and sentenced Du Yan to death according to the facts. Shortly after Zhang Shouyue's death, Du Yan was exempted from punishment. Kong Jin cried again and was scolded to pieces. Soon after, the governor sorted out and reviewed the accumulated files and still sentenced Du Yan to death. Du Yan finally died in prison. Gong Yoo's son Kong Liang also has filial piety. When (his) father was ill, (he) cut off the meat from his thigh and made it into broth for him to drink. (Father) recovered quickly. After (father's) death, he built a tomb next to his father's grave, and the body was destroyed because of excessive grief. In the forty-three years of Wanli, the father and son were commended by the court together.

To annotate ...

(1) Abortion: Abortion. Refers to the situation of the birth of a child after the death of his father. (2) Preposition, passive. (3) Jia: Businessman. (4) forced marriage: forced marriage. (5) Litigation against the official: suing the official. (6) begging: begging; Begging for food (7) walk: run; Escape (8) Under the Quexia: Under the Palace Quexia. Refers to the court where the emperor lived. This refers to the capital. (9) Knocking on Deng Wengu: Knocking on Deng Wengu. Deng Wengu: In order to show that he listened to the remonstrance or grievances of his subjects, the ancient emperors hung drums outside the court so that his subjects could beat them and smell them, which was called Deng Wengu. (10) Complain grievances: tell grievances. (1 1) Delta: We can reach Shengting. (12 tomb: cemetery; Graveyard. Cry, cry. (14) villagers: villagers. Roommate; Hometown (15) Lu people: people who are both Lu people and are related by blood. Lu Hezu was an ancient resident organizational unit. As recorded, the party organizations in six townships are divided into six levels: Bi, Lv, Zu, Party, Zhou and Xiang, and the neighborhood organizations of six years old are divided into six levels: Neighborhood, Li, Zhou, Bi, County and Year. (16) media surname: official name. In charge of marriage. Zhou Li, Local Officials and the Media Family: "The media family is in charge of everyone's judgment. All men and women who become famous after becoming famous are celebrities. Let men get married at the age of 30 and women get married at the age of 20. " (17) Reality: According to the facts. (18) Sit: conviction. (19) Darby: refers to the death penalty. (20) A few days: Soon. (2 1) Origin: yinyuá n. This means climbing up, climbing up, and later it means climbing up on powerful people and buttering them up. (22) Exemption: refers to the exemption from sin. (23) Complaining: crying. (24) Constantly: Not only that. Don't stop; Uninterrupted (25) being beaten: being scolded. It is: suffering. Ba: One kind of punishment is beating with a mallet. (26) Already: Soon; We'll talk about it later. (27) fu: refers to the governor. (28) It is logical: organize and review. (29) Old Jane: Old case. This refers to the case files left over. (30) so far: finally; Finally. (3 1) Co., Ltd.: sound bank and G incarnation. Cut the thigh. Cutting stocks and waiting for relatives, ancient times thought filial piety; Sacrifice by reducing shares is a sign of reverence. (32) make soup: make broth. (33) Spin: Soon; Soon. (34) treatment: treatment. (35) than: wait until. (36) Land Tomb: After the death of parents or teachers, the ancients built straw houses next to the tomb to protect the tomb during the mourning period, which is called land tomb. (37) bereavement: refers to the excessive grief of relatives and the destruction of bodies. Later, he often made mourning speeches. (38) Jing: commendation.

note:

Please refer to the dictionary search network for the relevant contents of the notes.

6. Gao Qiu ancient Chinese translation notes: Gao, a native of Pingyang, Taishan, descended from Lu Guogao in Han Dynasty. He was a scholar when he was young, and Xue Juan, the satrap of Mount Tai, appointed him Du You. There was a dispute between the magistrate and Xue Mian, and Xue Mian was reprimanded by his first name. Gao yongjian rebuked the prison army and said, "In the past, Lu was humiliated, and Confucius and Deng Jie defended his dignity;" The prince of Zhao was forced to play Zheng for the king of Qin, and Lin Xiangru was forced to strike Qin for the king of Tang. Calling courtiers by their official names is morally punishable. Hearing this, the supervisor turned pale with fear, and Xue Mian quickly stood up and stopped him. "。 Later, Gao resigned from his official position and took refuge in Jinan. In the eighteenth year of Jian 'an, Mao recruited him as the Prime Minister's Army, and later served as Hou Wenxue in Licheng, and was transferred to the country. When I saw Mao's death, it didn't mean grief. Instead, he plays and hunts everywhere. Gao's outspoken and righteous admonition is very helpful to guide the decrees of governors. In the early years of Huang Dynasty, Ren Tangyang was elected as Pingyuan Wangfu, and Pingyuan Wang acceded to the throne. Appoint Gao as captain, for, doctor and. Ming Di has just acceded to the throne, and some ministers think that a grand banquet should be held. Gao said, "After his death, Yu Shun and the people had three years of mourning and rest, and after Yin ascended the throne, they had three years of meditation, so lofty morality could flourish harmoniously and shine all over the world." Ming Di respectfully accepted his opinion that there should be no grand banquet.

The tomb of the little magpie began to be built, and the magpie built its nest on it. When the emperor asked Gao about it, Gao replied, "The Book of Songs says that magpies build nests and pigeons live in them.". Now that the palace is built and the tomb is built, magpies nest on it, which means that the palace is not built and magpies can't live in it. God seems to mean that if the palace is not built, people with other surnames will rule it, which is exactly what God warned. God's rule is not to favor those close to you, but to give blessings to those with good character, and we must take deep precautions. I can't help but think about it. At the end of Xia Dynasty and Shang Dynasty, they were kings who inherited their ancestral businesses. They did not respectfully accept God's instructions, only listened to slander and framed others, and abandoned virtue in order to satisfy their own selfish desires, so they perished very quickly. Taiwu and Wu Ding, when they saw the catastrophe, were frightened and worshipped the sign of heaven, so they were furious and excited. Now, if we stop all kinds of hard work, try to be thrifty to meet our needs, pay more attention to good governance, follow the emperor's guidelines, get rid of things that do harm to the whole country and start to bring benefits to the people, then there will be a fourth after the three kings and a sixth after the five emperors. Can only the royal family of Shang Dynasty turn disaster into happiness? I am someone close to and trusted by His Majesty. If I can add happiness to the emperor and keep the country stable, even if I turn to dust and my family is ruined, it will be like the year of my rebirth. How can you be afraid of disaster against the wishes of the emperor, so that your majesty can't hear what is reasonable? "So the emperor changed his face and was shocked.

7. Translate the original text of "Eels Save Girls" in classical Chinese.

In Gao Huai, the eel farm is located in the small east gate of Yangzhou. Thousands of eels are killed every day, and a maid pities them. Every night, some eels in the jar are stolen and thrown into the river through the back window. If it's a long time. One day, the noodle restaurant was burned, and the maid fled in a hurry, burned by the fire and trapped by the river. Sleeping late at night is more painful than waking up, and the injury is healed. Only by applying mud from the river to the wound and finding traces of eels within a week can we know how to save the released eels. Gao Huai felt different, so he went on strike. And open the pot, there are holes under it, and there are countless plates of raw eels, which are known to be from the river.

translate

Gao Huai Middle School deals in eel noodles in Xiaodongmen, Yangzhou. He kills thousands of eels every day. One of the maids felt sorry for her. Every night, she secretly fished out some eels from the water tank and threw them into the river through the back window. So many years passed. One day, a fire broke out in the shop, and the maid escaped in a hurry and was burned by the fire. She was tired and lay by the river until midnight. When I woke up, I found that the wound not only relieved the pain, but also healed the burned part. Look at the wound, there is sludge from the river applied to the wound, and there are traces of eels walking on the ground. Only then did she know that it was the eel that had been released to save her. Gao Huai was moved by the maid's behavior and stopped working. Remove the boiler, there is a hole below, and put countless eels in the hole into the river.

Word explanation

(1) In thousands: it means thousands, that is, thousands. (2) pity: pity. (3) than: wait until. (4) Industry: Take ... as a profession. (5) maid: maid (5) week: all around. (6) Zhu: Yu (used as a pronoun and preposition in the text). (7) shore: edge. (8) direction: in the past. (9) strike: stop business. (10) Year: Several years have passed. (1 1) Vertical: Let go. (12) from: Cai. (13) sleepy: tired. (14) maid: maid; This refers to the maid. (15) Yangzhou: Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province today.