How to treat the polarization phenomenon of students and its countermeasures

Coping with the polarization of students and its countermeasures;

(1) Hardware.

1, based on school-based reality, develop local textbooks In view of the above analysis, the author believes that in order to prevent students from polarization, rural students urgently need a set of textbooks that are suitable for them and close to life, rather than "one size fits all". Rural areas also learn the textbooks of urbanization, which not only makes students suffer, but also makes teachers tired. Rural schools should have rural characteristics, and textbooks suitable for rural students' real life are what students are willing to learn and accept. In this way, the English students have learned can be used in the "virtual environment" created locally, thus changing their feeling of "killing dragons", increasing their interest in learning and preventing them from being tired of learning.

2. Create an environment for English learning and application. Schools should set up interest study groups, run blackboard newspapers, create English world and English corner, give English speeches, set up English broadcasting groups, read competitions, etc. to stimulate students' interest in learning and prevent polarization.

3. Increase investment in teaching. The government and society should pay more attention to rural primary and middle school students, increase campus infrastructure construction, strengthen teacher training, set up language labs and computer laboratories, open campus networks, and enhance the contact between schools and the outside world, so that students can truly feel that they have integrated into the "E" era and are indeed a member of the "global village", thus enhancing their interest in learning and making up for the shortage of teaching materials.

4. Increase the number of classes. It is also a problem that the class size of schools is too large. As far as our school is concerned, there are at least 56 to 70 students in each class. It is difficult for teachers to have enough energy to promote the development of each student, which also brings a lot of inconvenience to management.

(2), teachers.

1, strengthen theoretical study, grasp the essence and essence of curriculum reform, and truly guide teaching with new ideas.

2. Strengthen the study and training of professional knowledge, constantly arm and enrich your mind, constantly study teaching methods and students' learning methods, get rid of the shackles of "teachers die teaching" and enhance the appeal to students. On the other hand, with the continuous acceleration of knowledge updating, only in this way can teachers adapt to the requirements of curriculum reform and student development. Only in this way can we be competent for our job and truly teach students in accordance with their aptitude. As far as a class is concerned, we should pay attention to four links: beginning, vitality, repetition and ending. "Start" should tie students' hearts, let all students concentrate and let everyone gain something. "Motivation" should be stimulated by using simple instructions, expressive gestures and other body language, the ups and downs of teaching rhythm or stick figures, objects, games, humor, jokes and so on. Stimulate their interest in learning. Everyone can use their brains, everyone is eager to try and mobilize their enthusiasm in all directions. Teachers who "start over" should make more efforts, deeply understand students and their learning situation, and scientifically group, stratify and match students. Instruct them to discuss, analyze and solve problems with "honor and disgrace and * * * *" in class. The whole learning process is not as good as learning to catch up with others, giving full play to their initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, and making all students become participants from bystanders. "End" should have a good class, try to "reverberate around the beam for three days", strengthen students' interest in learning, expand their thinking, and let students at different levels develop. Really teach students in accordance with their aptitude.

3. Teachers should:

(1), learning methods In teaching methods, teachers should guide students to learn to take notes, learn to organize knowledge and classify it, and disperse it to centralized arrangement.

(2) Cultivate their good study habits. Careful observation, diligent recitation, memory, courage to correct mistakes, and frequent use of word dictionaries. Preview before class, review after class, and finish homework independently.

⑶ Learn to attend classes, pay attention, speak boldly, think positively, learn from the hands, eyes, ears, brain, mouth, tongue and other organs in a multi-pronged way, and participate in classroom activities.

(4) Guide them to master scientific memory methods, such as periodic memory, comparative memory, associative memory, chart memory, image memory, word formation memory, combined with context memory, etc.

5. Guide the review to finish the homework carefully, and ask them to recall, memorize and review the new learning content before class, and then finish it independently. Summarize the mistakes in the homework and let them correct themselves. If they can't understand, correct them under the guidance of the teacher.

[6], in addition, students should be guided to consolidate review in class, after class, unit, stage and final. In a word, teachers should strengthen guidance to students in all aspects of learning.

(3) Students:

1. It is the source of motivation to clarify the purpose of learning and stimulate students' interest in learning. As Confucius said, "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy." With the help of teachers, students should be clear about their learning objectives and look at the significance and role of learning English well from a long-term perspective.

2. Pay attention to learning methods and find ways to improve learning efficiency. Under the guidance of teachers, students should use correct learning methods, maximize their initiative and positive thinking, and transform newly acquired knowledge and skills into the ability to realize their own development. For example, when memorizing vocabulary, we can use the principle of "words and sentences are inseparable" and the knowledge of phonetic rules and word formation to learn to remember new words, so that mechanical memory can be transformed into meaning memory, killing two birds with one stone. This not only improves the learning efficiency. It also changes the learning process from "bitterness" to "joy". Therefore, English learning is in a state of virtuous circle development, which is conducive to future learning.

3, correct bad habits, cultivate self-study ability Students should develop some learning routines under the guidance of teachers, such as preview before class, listen carefully, do homework after class, review and summarize. Learn according to the routine and try to eliminate laziness, which will realize the transformation from learning to learning, really improve learning efficiency and learning ability, thus continuously enhancing learning interest and even making learning enjoyable.

4. Establish learning confidence and constantly feel successful. Homelinski, an educator in the former Soviet Union, said that "success in learning is the source of students' spiritual strength, which can generate motivation to overcome difficulties and stimulate their desire to learn". In learning, students should constantly review their successful experiences, overcome inferiority and self-abandonment, and eliminate psychological barriers. When walking with head up, I always feel "I'm fine", "I can do it" and "I'm not worse than others". I often give positive psychological hints and study with a good attitude so as not to classify myself as a student with learning difficulties.

5. Harmonious teacher-student relationship overcomes inferiority complex. "Pro-teacher" lets teachers know that you know you, your emotions, your psychological dynamics and your needs. Communicating with your own teachers is conducive to the formation of a sound personality and the development of physical and mental abilities, on the other hand, it is more conducive to the improvement of teachers' teaching art level. Actively strive to be the master of learning and truly learn from each other. Only in this way can shine on you be better than blue. Not only in study, but also in life attitude, it is always positive and healthy. In this respect, it is also conducive to the healthy growth of students and the cultivation of good psychological quality.

6. Respecting and loving students and creating an atmosphere of respecting and loving students are prerequisites for eliminating students' emotional barriers. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, love is a universal psychological need. Everyone has a tendency to love others and is willing to accept their love. If every student can always feel the teacher's love and respect for his personality, it will stimulate healthy and upward emotions, and it is easy for them to have the initiative to learn English and have confidence in their ability to learn English. Studies have proved that students always like teachers who are "amiable and full of teachers' love" when their teaching ability and professional level are basically the same. Teachers' love and respect for students will play a "pygmalion effect" to students, and then stimulate teachers' motivation to teach English well. Therefore, teachers must make the emotional communication between teachers and students unimpeded through their own efforts. Teachers love students, students respect teachers, and teachers and students can gain an invisible emotional motivation. As the leading force of education, teachers should win the love and trust of students. It is an important duty of teachers to establish a democratic and equal relationship with students, and it is also the basic guarantee for teachers to do a good job. At the same time, teachers must establish their authority on the basis of long-term equal communication with students, respect students, trust students, take the initiative to care for students and meet their needs for knowledge. In this way, teachers can truly become amiable, respectable, approachable and trustworthy intimate friends of students, establish a democratic and equal relationship between teachers and students, and achieve the expected goal of education.

7. Eliminate psychological barriers and cultivate self-confidence. First of all, teachers should affirm students' intelligence. There are differences in people's intelligence level, but this difference is very small for most people. Psychological research shows that people's intelligence level is normally distributed, and there are very few people with extraordinary intelligence (IQ above 130) and low intelligence (IQ below 70), and the two extremes only account for about 3% each. Intelligence level is not the main reason that affects learning. If you want to learn English well, you must rely on your own efforts. Even if you are a little stupid, you can still succeed in your studies if you are full of confidence and work hard. Secondly, teachers should be good at capturing students' subtle psychology, coordinating teachers' and students' emotions, and transforming their positive emotions into students' own, thus arousing teachers' and students' voices. Then students will have a strong emotional motivation, change "want me to learn" into "I want to learn", and turn weariness of learning into diligence and happiness. Thirdly, teachers should be good at evaluating students correctly, grasp the bright spot of learning English, and make more use of incentive education and successful education to cultivate students' self-confidence. Laozi once said, "self-victory is strong." Self-confidence and self-improvement are important factors for learning success. Teachers should not only be good at evaluating students correctly, but also teach students to evaluate themselves objectively, so as to discover their own shortcomings and strengths, believe that they are also "good at one thing", establish the concepts of "I can do what others can do" and "I am naturally useful", and gradually cultivate self-confidence.

8. It is undeniable to create a learning environment and stimulate interest. Lack of language learning environment is also one of the factors that cause students' emotional disorders. This is an objective existence. The key lies in how the teacher artificially changes it. As Zhang Jianzhong, a linguist, said, efforts should be made to make "students study in a pleasant and safe environment with high concentration, so as to speed up the mastery of language communication skills and enhance their self-confidence and self-motivation". We should do:

① Make full use of combination teaching such as objects, wall charts, projection and multimedia. And listen to lectures in the language lab properly, so that students can feel the original strong language atmosphere and get in touch with the quasi-language environment and the real English language environment.

② Create a good extracurricular learning environment. Including doing a good job in classroom layout, opening an English corner, publishing blackboard newspapers and handwritten newspapers regularly, setting up extracurricular interest groups, and introducing supplementary reading materials. Improve your listening and speaking ability, broaden your horizons and cultivate your interest.

(3) Collect and display descriptions of English pictures, signs, advertisements and articles to show that English is closely related to our real life and emphasize the importance of English. Let them feel that learning English well is not only the need for further study, but also the need for their own success and work, and it is also the need for a person's comprehensive quality, so that students can realize that learning is useful and rewarding, thus stimulating their learning motivation.

④ Pay attention to developing and cultivating students' autonomy in learning English. Students often take their feelings and feelings in the process of learning as the standard to evaluate themselves. When students feel that they are an indispensable member of the group, they will feel that they are valuable. On the contrary, they will feel that they are worthless. Therefore, cooperative learning requires students to actively participate in learning activities, exchange ideas with each other and learn from each other. Cooperative learning is helpful to both gifted and poor students, because it can eliminate anxiety, encourage bold risks, enhance learning motivation, establish self-confidence and self-esteem and promote communication. It can not only create a positive classroom emotional atmosphere, but also take care of learners themselves.

⑤ Pay attention to cultivating and developing students' interest in learning English. The cultivation of interest can make students feel high, full of energy and enthusiastic about learning. Students' interest in learning can not only be transformed into learning motivation, but also promote the development of students' intelligence and achieve the purpose of improving learning effect. On the contrary, if students lose interest in learning, learning is no longer a happy thing, but a heavy burden. Junior high school students are young and inexperienced. Most students only know that English in the senior high school entrance examination is a compulsory subject, which is fresh at first. However, with the increase of learning content and the deepening of difficulty, students are bored with words, pronunciation and grammar. Therefore, teachers should not only publicize the importance of learning English, but also actively create conditions and environment. Holinsky believes that a relaxed and harmonious classroom atmosphere can help to enhance students' interest, keep their enthusiasm for learning and generate a strong thirst for knowledge. In English teaching, students must be given some time to participate in order to achieve quality within 45 minutes. Such as writing, reading, reading, speaking and singing English songs, so that students can use English as much as possible, so that they can have fun in application and feel the joy of success. In addition, make full use of modern teaching means and intuitive means in teaching to give students a sensory image and increase their interest.

⑥ Understand and respect students' emotions, so that students often have successful experiences. Successful experience will arouse interest, enhance self-confidence, stimulate students' internal motivation and greatly enhance the effect of seeking knowledge. On the contrary, negative emotions such as anxiety, sadness, frustration and failure will make students lose confidence and be in a state of psychological inhibition, which will lead to worse and worse learning and even out of control. Students generally attach great importance to teachers' attitude towards them, so teachers should pay attention to controlling their emotions, not being angry or impatient, and avoid using methods and means that violate psychological laws and hurt students' self-esteem. Teaching should focus on encouragement and praise, especially for underachievers. On the contrary, we should be more careful to protect their self-esteem and make them successful, thus boosting their self-confidence and enthusiasm for learning. Teachers should not correct the mistakes made by students, be sarcastic or impatient. They should try to avoid negative emotions such as frustration and failure caused by error correction.

⑦ adopt various teaching methods to enliven the classroom atmosphere and make students feel fresh forever. Beginners feel that English is novel, they have more opportunities to speak in class, and some dialogue performances attract many students. However, with the increase of the difficulty and the understanding and familiarity with the teacher's thinking in class, students have lost the freshness when they are beginners, and they no longer concentrate on the class as before, and some students gradually lose their interest in learning. Therefore, for teachers, it is necessary to strengthen the research and practice of teaching theory and keep pace with the times. Adopt modern teaching methods. In addition to the usual teaching methods, some novel teaching forms are added from time to time. Changing one's own teaching mode so that students don't think it is old-fashioned will also help to cultivate the feelings between teachers and students.

⑧ Have insight into students' learning and psychological conditions, and be good at communicating with students. Teaching is not only the relationship between teaching and learning, but also the exchange of feelings and ideas between teachers and students. The relationship between teachers and students directly restricts students' emotion and will, and affects students' cognitive activities. Teachers love and care about students, and they are often loved by students, so students love my house and my dog, and like the courses they teach. For left-behind students, we should know their difficulties in time and help them build up their self-confidence. Don't read it to the whole class, and criticize the students who didn't do well in the exam in public. Teachers should pay more attention to them, talk to them in time and help them analyze the reasons. We should affirm every progress made by poor students in time, so as to help them build up self-confidence and courage to overcome difficulties, let them see their progress and experience the happiness of success. It should be admitted that students have intellectual differences in learning English, which are manifested in observation, attention, understanding, memory, imagination, language imitation and so on. It is normal and inevitable that there are differences between students in a class. Teachers should try their best to guide, care and mobilize students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning methods, because positive emotions and negative emotions play very different roles in English teaching. Therefore, in teaching, teachers should pay attention to the control of students' emotions, stimulate students' positive emotions, and suppress and eliminate students' negative emotions. Only in this way can polarization be effectively prevented. To sum up, teaching must be people-oriented and student-oriented, and it is also an important duty of contemporary teachers to cultivate students' healthy psychological quality. Students are living individuals, and teachers' "teaching" is for students' "learning". In order to achieve the best teaching effect and improve the teaching quality by using the best methods, we must deeply understand students' psychology, eliminate students' emotional obstacles in English learning and encourage students to be proactive. In this way, our students are expected to establish confidence in English learning, have a strong interest, and be able to make progress, gain something, have fun, experience success and enjoy learning English. The polarization of students in the process of new curriculum reform is a problem that can not be ignored, and there are many reasons. The key to solve this problem is to study and analyze its causes and explore a series of feasible solutions.