Which of the following is not included in the basic general rules of foreign etiquette?

To maintain the image, we must first start from maintaining our own image. Be handsome and natural. On foreign-related occasions, citizens should pay attention to gfd, behave appropriately, and make themselves look good and personable.

Being neither humble nor supercilious is the basic principle of foreign affairs etiquette. It requires everyone involved in foreign affairs to realize that in the eyes of people in other countries, he represents his own country, his own nation and his own unit. Be calm, be upright, and be upright. Don't be afraid of inferiority, condescension, arrogance and arrogance.

Enthusiasm and sincerity, enthusiasm and enthusiasm for others, not only means that you are sincere to your contacts, but also shows that you are full of friendship, care and enthusiasm for each other. But as a foreign affairs staff, we must have a "degree" and pay attention to "enthusiasm".

Respecting privacy and respecting privacy is actually the logical inference of the above "enthusiasm". The so-called respect for privacy mainly advocates that everyone's personal privacy should be actively respected in international exchanges, and they should not inquire about their personal secrets or private affairs that they are unwilling to disclose. At present, in the international community, respect for privacy has been recognized as a basic symbol of whether a person has personal accomplishment in dealing with others. In foreign exchanges, respect for privacy is actually manifested in the following "eight don't ask" in conversation. 1. Don't ask about income and expenditure. Don't ask your age. Don't ask about love and marriage. 4. Don't ask about health. 5. Don't ask your home address. 6. Don't ask about personal experience. 7. Don't ask about your political beliefs. 8. Don't ask what you are busy with.

Pay attention to credibility and keeping promises. In the international community, people attach great importance to the credibility of people they associate with and pay attention to "keeping promises and keeping promises". 1. Make a cautious commitment. In foreign-related exchanges, all formal promises made by grass-roots civil servants to foreigners must be done according to their abilities and be cautious in their words and deeds. Don't make irresponsible and hasty promises, and don't make big and ambiguous promises. 2. Strictly abide by the agreement. In the international community, credit is image and credit is life. Since "China people always keep their word", grass-roots civil servants must strive to abide by the agreement, honor their promises and keep their promises.

Respect international practice, inferiority and order. In foreign affairs, according to international practice, the most basic rule of arranging many people side by side is that the right is high and the left is low, that is, the right is up and the left is down; Respect the right and despise the left. That is to say, when standing, walking or sitting side by side, in order to show politeness, the host should take the initiative to stay on the left and the guests on the right; Men should actively stay on the left and ask women to stay on the right; The younger generation should take the initiative to stay on the left and ask the older generation to have the right; Unmarried people take the initiative to occupy the left, and married people occupy the right; Those with lower positions and status actively stay on the left, and those with higher positions and status please stay on the right.

Ladies first, ladies first, ladies first is one of the common communication practices in the international community, especially in western countries. In social occasions, "ladies first" should be manifested in the following aspects. 1. Respect women. When talking to women, you must use honorifics. When it comes to specific content, don't embarrass the women present in the conversation. When arranging the etiquette order, women should be listed before men; 2. Take care of women. In all social activities, men should take good care of women: when sitting, ask them to choose their seats; When eating, give priority to its taste; 3. Care for women. When going out, men should carry heavy objects for women. When entering or leaving the room, the man should open and close the door for the lady. Men are not allowed to smoke in front of women at any time; 4. Protect women. Men should try their best to protect women under all difficulties and obstacles. When crossing dangerous sections, men should walk in the front. Walking on the road, men should walk outside. Any dangerous thing, men should take the initiative to bear.

personal image

Dress reception staff should dress appropriately in formal occasions, social occasions and leisure occasions, and cannot be stereotyped. On formal occasions, we should be solemn and conservative, dignified and generous, and strictly abide by tradition. Don't emphasize personality, be too fashionable and appear casual. It is best to wear a suit, skirt or uniform with dark wool. Jackets, jeans, sportswear, fitness pants, vests, shorts, sports shoes and sandals are not allowed. Clothes should not be too dirty, wrinkled, old, exposed, transparent, too big, too small or too tight. Social occasions mainly refer to banquets, dances, parties, parties and other social occasions. Clothing should highlight fashion personality, and you can wear fashion, formal dress or national costume. It is best not to wear uniforms or casual clothes. Dress comfortably and naturally for leisure occasions, and avoid sticking to form. On formal occasions, the receptionist should dress correctly and appropriately, all buttons should be fastened, sleeves or trousers corners should not be changed, too many things should not be put in pockets or trouser pockets, and the trademarks on clothes should be removed first. It's best to wear a white shirt, dark socks, black shoes, a tie and no or less sweaters under the suit. All clothes should be kept within three colors. Make-up is an act of beautifying one's appearance and self-image by using beauty products. Requiring employees to make up is helpful to reflect the prohibition, unity and discipline of the unit and make its image more distinctive and distinctive. Employees are required to wear makeup to show respect for the people they associate with. Taking part in official activities without makeup will be interpreted as contempt or insult by the people you come into contact with. In official activities, employees are generally required to abide by the following rules on beauty issues: one of the rules is to use light makeup as the main work makeup. The main features of work makeup are simplicity, beauty, elegance and vivid three-dimensional sense. It is necessary to impress people without making yourself look full of powder. Generally speaking, it should be light and vivid. Rule two, excessive use of aromatic cosmetics should be avoided. It is generally believed that when you get along with people, the fragrance on your body can be smelled by the other party within one meter, which is not too much. If you can still smell your body three meters away, you must have used too much perfume. Rule number three, you should avoid putting on makeup or touching up makeup in public. Especially when doing this in public at work, it is not solemn, and it will also make people feel unprofessional and only treat themselves as "decorations" or "vases". In particular, ladies generally don't make up or touch up their makeup in front of the opposite sex. Rule four, we should avoid discussing makeup with others. Rule five, you should try to avoid incomplete makeup.

Exterior eyes are the windows to the soul. Pay attention to your eyes when communicating, and the cumulative contact time between your eyes and the other person should reach 50-70% of the whole conversation. Your eyes should not be dull, indifferent, peeping, looking around and blinking. Smiling is essential in reception activities. It's inappropriate to laugh. Your mouth is full of teeth. Proper make-up makes people radiant and energetic, but try not to show traces of modification, do not make up heavily, and do not make up in public, especially men. Don't be weird and avant-garde. The receptionist should wash her face regularly, maintain oral hygiene, manicure her nails every day, and don't grow a beard.

Hairdressing generally refers to the care and modification of human hair. In general, people often observe a person from the beginning. Often leave a very deep impression on others. The basic requirements of hair care etiquette are: always keep healthy, beautiful, clean, refreshing, hygienic and neat. To truly meet the above requirements, we must take good care of ourselves in shampoo, comb and maintenance. Wash your hair, first, remove dirt, second, remove dandruff, third, prevent odor, and fourth, make your hair coherent. In addition, it also helps to maintain hair. The modified hair must be characterized by solemnity, simplicity, elegance and generosity. No matter what hairstyle you choose for yourself, you must never add decorative things to your hair at work. Under normal circumstances, colored hair gel and hair cream should not be used. Men should not use any hair accessories. When it is necessary for a lady to use a hairpin, a hair rope, a hair band or a hairband, she should be unpretentious. Its color should be blue, gray, brown, black, and without any ornamental design. Never wear brightly colored hair accessories with cartoons, animals and flowers at work. You are not allowed to wear a hat at work unless you wear a uniform. All kinds of hats designed for decoration, such as berets, princess hats, bachelor hats, baseball caps, hairpin hats, or headscarves for decoration, are very uncoordinated and disproportionate when worn on the heads of working people.

People who contact and talk should participate in foreign-related protocol activities with a positive attitude. In the past, some people believed in the policy of "talking less is silver and not talking is gold". They believe that in foreign countries, only by "keeping your mouth shut" and "keeping your mouth shut" can you not make mistakes. This is a passive and inaction thought. Of course, sometimes, under certain circumstances, the strategy of "silence" can also be used. However, this cannot be attributed to the attitude that should be adopted under normal circumstances. In particular, the current international situation is very favorable to China, and the policy of "opening to the outside world" provides us with a wide range of opportunities. In foreign countries, we should not be shy, nor should we just chat with China people. Instead, we should make extensive contacts, make more friends and actively carry out foreign activities in accordance with the principles and policies of China's foreign work. Contact and make friends is to meet people in related fields through direct dating. For example, when a new envoy arrives, it is customary to visit him. Through the arrival visit, you can make friends with the leaders of the host country, responsible persons of relevant parties, friendly social celebrities and local envoys. Arrival call is a courtesy call, and the call range can be drawn up according to local conditions. You can learn a lot from meeting and talking, and some envoys have to pay a return visit. In this way, relationships can be established quickly. When personnel from various business departments arrive, they can also ask to meet the corresponding personnel.

Introduce friends in social situations, and be kind and natural. For example, at a family dinner or a small reception, the host usually introduces the guests who arrive first to the guests who arrive later. But be careful not to take the late female guests around to introduce all the guests. On the occasion of large-scale activities, if an acquaintance is chatting with other guests, you can go ahead and say hello and let your friends introduce you to everyone. At social parties, as guests invited by the same host, they can also introduce themselves to each other politely. When introducing two people, the general rule is: introduce others to more distinguished people. For example, introduce young people to the elderly, introduce ordinary visitors to people with higher status, and so on. In some special cases, the introduction should be cautious. For example, you know that they may have known each other in the past, but they haven't spoken for a long time; Or in diplomatic occasions, diplomats from two hostile countries attend at the same time, even if there is no personal grudge, they may not want to communicate openly. At this time, we should avoid introducing each other for them. When introducing the language people use when they know each other, it is best to be concise and polite. As a public official of a country, a group and an enterprise, speaking with foreign countries should of course adhere to principles and not violate China's foreign policy. We should also eliminate some misunderstandings from the outside world. For example, people often talk about world population control. Foreigners are very concerned about population control in China, the country with the largest population, and appreciate the achievements made by China in this regard. However, some people have doubts about China's one-child policy and the specific provisions on late marriage, contraception and abortion. Others said that they did not understand some punishment measures in this regard. In this case, we should proceed from the actual situation in our country, patiently and meticulously, and realistically publicize and explain. We should also have a clear understanding of the current basic situation at home and abroad, major international events and important issues in bilateral or multilateral relations, and adhere to China's principled stand.

Talking about politics, economy, diplomacy and other aspects in social occasions is of course a frequent and important topic. Especially when there is a major international event, it will often become a hot topic, and sometimes it will even become a hot topic that people talk about. At this time, you can often hear the latest news and different opinions, so you should pay attention to and make good use of this opportunity. Some people are worried that they can't find a suitable topic in social occasions for a while, forming an embarrassing scene of relative silence. In fact, the topic of social occasions is very extensive. In addition to the political issues mentioned above, people are also concerned about global issues, such as environmental protection, population growth, transportation support and disease prevention; Youth education, aging and so on, as well as sports, movies, painting music, customs, scientific and technological development, the future world and so on, can all become interesting topics. Foreigners often talk about China's unique things, such as Chinese medicine, Tai Ji Chuan, Qigong, Beijing Opera, Chinese food and so on. It can be seen that the topics we can talk about are so extensive and diverse that we can combine everyone's environment, location, occupation, interest, knowledge and level, take local materials and lead to topics from the simple to the deep. This can not only avoid "silence", but also enhance understanding and friendship and enrich one's knowledge.

Learn to be good at asking questions and ask for advice with an open mind. This requires you to respect each other when asking questions, be natural and decent, don't ask embarrassing questions, and don't make people feel that you are deliberately prying into things that others don't want to talk about. If people always avoid the questions you ask, don't ask them again and again, but try to change the subject. Asking questions can also play a role in guiding and changing topics.

Wit and humor are very valuable in conversation. Sometimes a few philosophical words, a witticism or a joke will make the conversation lively and cheerful, and even solve some problems, so that some problems are always solved. When attending the Moscow Conference, Mao Zedong changed the close relationship between the participating countries and quoted a folk story from China, saying that they were two clay bodhisattvas. After breaking the mud, they rebuilt two more, and the result was "you have me and I have you." He also advised Khrushchev to unite and not engage in chauvinism as a big country. He said: "Lotus is good, but it needs the support of green leaves"; Heroes need help, and fences need three piles. His vivid and philosophical metaphor won the appreciation of many participants. 1692, China shot down a U-2 high-altitude reconnaissance plane. Many foreign journalists wanted to know about the development of missiles in China, so they asked Foreign Minister Chen Yi how the U-2 plane was shot down. Chen Yi replied humorously: "It was stabbed with a bamboo pole!" It caused everyone to burst into laughter, thus avoiding the blunt answer of "no comment". Of course, there is a difference between silence and irony. People should not satirize and insinuate each other for no reason.

When talking to each other, we should pay attention to the differences between Chinese and foreign habits. For example, foreigners often greet each other when they meet. "Good morning!" "Good evening!" Wait a minute. People in China often say, "Where have you been?" "What should I do?" Wait, asking other people's private affairs is generally not used abroad. Ask, "Have you eaten?" Will be misunderstood as not eating, you have to treat. Meet a foreign acquaintance and say "Hello!" As greetings and greetings, it is also common. Some young friends just say, "Hi! (Hi) "is more casual. It is said that many American presidents have called names. Some people call this a "national curse". Now there are some swearing and taboo words in some literary creations. This is a kind of vulgar taste and a kind of social pollution. Of course, it shouldn't appear in social situations.

Don't eavesdrop when others are talking; If you are interested in participating in his conversation, you should join the camera as appropriate. When there are more than three people at the conversation site, you should take proper care of all the people present, and don't just talk to one or two of them, leaving others in the cold. In social situations, silence, even silence, can easily lead to misunderstanding. I think you are unhappy or dissatisfied, or unwilling to express your views directly, interested in what others say, and so on. Other people's conversations sometimes have voices, so learn to be good at understanding and improvise. Keep improving your conversation skills. The content and level of the conversation. Therefore, we must constantly study and improve, pay attention to reading and reading newspapers, improve our knowledge and improve our cultural quality. Only in this way can we speak well, have substance in words, use appropriate words and use vivid language. This requires real efforts.

With the progress of society, telephone conversation has become more and more common. Even some national leaders have set up hotlines. When calling, 1. First of all, let the other party know who he is as soon as possible, and both parties should report their names; 2. If you need to find someone, please ask the other person to "wait a moment"; If the other party is not in, you should answer "he is not in". If the other party asks someone else or asks when you can call again, you should answer politely. 3. Call should use concise and polite language; 4. Unless you know each other's living habits, generally don't call people before 8 am or after 9 pm, and pay attention to each other's rest at noon; Say "goodbye" politely after the phone call, and don't interrupt the phone at will. If the phone is broken, try to reconnect it; 6. If you are in a meeting or receiving guests, in order to avoid keeping the guests waiting, you should explain the situation and let the caller call again another time; 7. The mobile phone can only be turned on in the right place. Mobile phones are not allowed to be used in hospital beds, theaters, cinemas and other performance places; 8. It is forbidden to use mobile phones on the plane. It is also inappropriate to use mobile phones on buses and trams; 9. The mobile phone has strong radiation. When others are listening to the cassette player, stay away from it to avoid interference; 10. When eating in a restaurant, you must leave the dining table and use your mobile phone in the corner of the restaurant; 12. When making international calls, make sure of the time difference so as not to disturb others' rest.