Is China four ancient countries?

China must be one of the four ancient civilizations, which is an ironclad fact. You can visit other countries' websites.

-----------. Therefore, I repost this article here for everyone's enjoyment.

Statement: The Chinese nation is a big family including 56 ethnic groups, and we are opposed to ethnic separatists. But if we are angry with the post "Exposing China as one of the so-called four ancient civilizations", it will expand from denouncing separatists to ethnic minorities, won't it provoke ethnic opposition, and it will be just like Nalanxing's virtue? ———————— Please think deeply about the netizens who have read the article.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ In fact, there are real knowledge and gunmen on the Internet. Here's the cover of his article.

Everyone knows that today's West is indeed better than China, but it is unnecessary for a truly strong person to vilify and hate China culture. Reflecting on history is not like the absurd scam to expose China as one of the so-called four ancient civilizations. It is "historical nothingness" and "national nothingness", but some people have the need to vilify and attack China culture. If you understand this, you can understand why some people who speak Chinese and use Chinese characters hate China culture so much.

Although I advocate necessary reflection and oppose pan-politicization of academic research, I have to refute the remarks of people with ulterior motives!

The author of the article "Exposing China as one of the so-called four ancient civilizations" is Nalan Xingde, a Mongolian, who used the pen names Yinshan Tieqi, sarenhuu, heavy metal band, etc. Over the years, he used different names, falsely used different nationalities, and wrote no less than 5, words, which was widely circulated on the Internet, specifically slandering China and slandering Chinese culture. This person is quite knowledgeable. However, his intention is very deep, which is quite harmful on the Internet. If you don't know him, he is easily bewitched.

This person has published a series of articles, such as "Nonsense of the Four Great Inventions" and "Comparison of Eastern and Western Civilizations", which seem to be rational reflection, but his purpose is to fundamentally deny the ancient achievements of the Han nationality, and his writing is full of disdain for the Han nationality. He once wrote "Who is the Twenty-four History?" For the convenience of induction, let's call it a theory. What "theory" does he have?

firstly, the lives of Han people are cheap, so why not slaughter them?

Second, you Han people exaggerate because you didn't kill so many Han people.

thirdly, it is said that the Han people today are not pure Han people. Because the Mongolian army raped a large number of Han women after going south, most of the Han people today are Mongolian-Chinese hybrids. (This bloodline theory is also shyly reflected in this absurd scam to expose China as one of the so-called four ancient civilizations, such as that "the north is a pure Mongolian race" and "the real ancient Chinese civilization died after the Song Dynasty", etc., and everyone can understand it carefully, HEHE)

Mr. Feng Nian, who has tracked the whereabouts of Nalan Xingde very clearly, pointed out that Nalan Xingde's remarks were made by Han people as the main netizens. This is the real purpose of Nalan Xingde!

reflection is necessary, but in the name of reflection, we must be alert to the self-confidence of China people!

there are many mistakes in this article. Just look at the first paragraph of this article:

"For a long time, China officials have declared in their domestic propaganda that China is one of the so-called" four ancient civilizations "and that we are an ancient country with a history of 5, years of civilization, which is an important part of the education of ignorant people. These ridiculous arguments are still widely circulated and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. In fact, anyone with a little common sense in world history knows that this is just a joke. " (Original)

First, after reading this article, you may get a wrong impression that "Westerners" have made a conclusion whether China culture belongs to the four major civilizations or not the longest in the world today. "Presumably the author is proficient in English, French, German, Russian, Italian, Spanish, Latin, Hebrew and so on, HEHE!

In fact, the four ancient civilizations were first put forward by western historians, not by China officials. Anyone who has a little knowledge of world history knows this. For example, I have a book "World History" written by westerners, which discusses China in the second largest ancient civilization. The order is: ancient Egypt, China, India, ancient Greece (including later Rome). The original name of this book is: World History, edited by Peter N. Stearns, Happer &; Row, Publishers, New York, 1987.

There are many such English history books. When you go to the library, you can find dozens of kinds! China civilization is one of the four great civilizations, and China culture is the longest surviving civilization, which is a very common sentence in English history books.

Second, the formulation of 5, years is the formulation of China historians in the May 4th period, and it is not the official formulation of China. In the past, some scholars only paid attention to the history of 3,5 years when studying China, because the history of 3,5 years was brilliant and the evidence was conclusive, not to say that the history of China civilization was only 3,5 years. (Sanxingdui outside the civilization of the Central Plains seems to be in 65 BC or 63 BC, and I can't remember the specific time of the culture of Hedudu, but I saw it through exploration and discovery:)

Third, some civilizations are very old, such as Babylonian civilization. But it is not enough to be "big". The "four ancient civilizations" emphasize two aspects: greatness and antiquity. This is the basis for westerners to put forward four ancient civilizations at first.

Let's take another example to see the absurdity of this article.

"I once listened to a lecture on the Dating Project of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and the lecturer" Archaeologists "showed us the restoration map of the so-called" Capital Ruins "of the Xia Dynasty. When I looked carefully, it turned out to be a few rotten grass sheds and a standard primitive village. They called this the" Great "and" Capital "of the Xia Dynasty. What else? A few mud piles at the archaeological site, what is that-rammed earth remains, what is rammed earth? It is the most primitive technology used by primitive tribes to build shacks, commonly known as "dry laying". They call this the "capital" of the "Great" and "Xia Dynasty"? There are also some copper slag, a large number of stone tools and bones! Isn't this problem very clear? It's just the remains of clan tribes in the Neolithic age. The so-called "Xia Dynasty Capital" is pure nonsense! " (Original text)

The author thinks that the ruins of Xia Dynasty are "rammed earth relics" or "Neolithic clan and tribe relics". In fact, whether Erlitou site in Henan is the summer capital has yet to be determined, but from the perspective of the unearthed scale, the total area is 3 million square meters, including the city, the palace area and the tomb area. The largest palace is 1, square meters, and two east-west directions are drilled outside the palace area. Among them, the length of the north-south avenue is nearly 7 meters, and the length of the two east-west avenues is more than 3 meters. There is a dense group of rammed earth building bases between the three avenues. This is obviously not the scale of a "primitive village". It is undoubtedly a city, even if it is not a summer capital, it must be a city site in the same period as the summer. Unearthed cultural relics include bronze, jade, pottery and so on. There are also some artifacts depicting quasi-literal symbols that have yet to be deciphered. The unearthed bronzes are completely laid out.

Is this what the author calls "the remains of clan tribes in the Neolithic Age"? The so-called "copper slag"? He sneered at Erlitou cultural site. Does he think that all the so-called civilized sites abroad have the scale of modern cities? I'm afraid this can only prove the author's own prejudice. In addition, rammed earth is not a special technology of primitive tribes. Even the pedestals of Epang Palace in Qin Dynasty and Hanyuan Hall in Daming Palace in Tang Dynasty were built with rammed earth. It's a pity that the author ignored the common sense of archaeology in order to attack.

Without Oracle Bone Inscriptions, he would say that the Shang Dynasty did not exist. But the discovery of Yin Ruins made him shut up and had to take the Xia Dynasty as an operation. Maybe one day, we will also find the remains of summer. In Shang dynasty, there were already weights and measures, codes and systems, which had all the characteristics of modern human society. So, were all these things formed overnight? I believe everyone has the answer.

In fact, the biggest difference between China archaeology and western archaeology is that China archaeology is confirming history. Our history can be traced back to 4 years, and many archaeological discoveries are confirming the records in the history books. Can we dig the land as big as China again and again? Can you do a detailed investigation of every inch of land? Before the discovery of Yin Ruins, at the beginning of the 2th century, even the Shang Dynasty in the west thought it was legendary. China archaeology, basically won't appear to dig out a big tomb, but don't know who is the owner of the tomb. But in the west, there are too many such things. It often happens that a major archaeological discovery can help people find a story of a lost history. Many western historians and archaeologists envy their counterparts in China, saying that China is a paradise for historians.

There are some things in Historical Records that we can't understand now, but who can deny its historical value? If "Historical Records is a novel" as the original author belittles, aren't Homer's Epic and Bible fairy tales? In 1871, German Hein Li Xi Sheriman discovered the Trojan ruins in Ottoman Turkey, which caused a sensation in the world and became the beginning of modern archaeology. In addition to his love of Greek history since childhood, Sheriman can only find information recorded in ancient Greek myths and stories. Without the mythical cloak of the Bible, what we see is the life picture of the ancient Jewish people in the Middle East! Why is the author's trust in China's history books not as good as an unrecognizable epic that has been orally changed?

You can't deny the historical value of these materials just because they record something that seems incredible now. This is a blasphemy against the ancients and a crime against future generations! Historians used to be puzzled by Ying Zheng's long sword when Jing Ke stabbed Qin recorded in Historical Records. According to the technology at that time, such a long sword had long been broken until such weapons were unearthed in the Terracotta Warriors.

The text behind the original post is even more boring. Several major civilizations that have disappeared, Sumerian civilization, Indus civilization and ancient Egyptian civilization, are forcibly related to the Middle East, India and Egypt. Sumerians have actually become Amits, and Aryan civilization in Ganges has actually become the result of the integration of Indus civilization. Today, ancient Egyptian civilization can only be traced from legends and historical sites, and it is said that it is being well inherited by modern Egyptians.

The rise of modern doubt about the past originated in the late Qing Dynasty, and its emergence and development were all backed by the historical background at that time, among which the master was Liang Qichao, the leader of the "Hundred Days Reform". Today, this suspicion of the past seems to be expanding, and everything is suspected, and it is directly linked to the West. Westerners say no, and domestic voices follow suit. Is this the ancient history of the West or the ancient history of China?

It is against the academic tradition for the author of the original text to have an opinion first, and then give evidence from Luo Zhi. Moreover, the author's mastery of many historical materials is still a big problem. Whether Chinese civilization developed first in the world is obviously negative. However, if we study deeply, we will know that, in fact, the different development stages of any civilization cannot be an important yardstick to judge the advanced degree of this civilization, because in my opinion, any civilization is a creative combination of "people" and local environment.

For example, the West has always regarded bronze and characters as important symbols of civilization, but who knows where the earliest rice cultivation and silk fabrics appeared in the world? It was in China that the earliest rice cultivation was over 19, years ago. In Hemudu 8, years ago, China had silk fabrics, while China monopolized silk until the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China, and the west got the secret of China's silk weaving. It was about 7, years later than China —————— but I don't think these two achievements can prove that China's civilization can be many times more advanced than that of the West (in fact, this formulation itself reflects ignorance) ——— but I want to point out that due to the special climate and geographical conditions of China civilization, China's civilization has its leading characteristics in some fields.

according to the same principle, assuming (because I haven't studied it yet) that in other civilized regions, if they have their own characteristics, such as rich copper deposits, which are convenient for mining and smelting, then assuming that these civilizations can enter the Bronze Age earlier, should we think that these civilizations are much more advanced? -or should we give a more appropriate evaluation on the basis of analyzing the geographical and climatic conditions where these civilizations are located?

But the author basically turns a blind eye to these things, instead, he tries his best to belittle the continuity of Chinese civilization. When he mentions foreign historical sites, he always uses adjectives like magnificence. It seems that he has personally been to those sites and personally saw what he calls the "Knossos Palace" on Crete, which is more magnificent than most palaces in China after 4, years (this palace covers an area of 3 acres, which seems to be not very large). I really feel speechless after reading it.

In the world-centered theory, long ago, every country was self-centered, at least the geocentric theory in the West was not put forward by China, so it is absurd for the author to accuse ancient China of being self-centered. In "Four Great Inventions Are Lies", the author talks about the use of Egyptian papyrus, which is similar to weaving bamboo mats. Is this an invention? Then, China's black powder clearly explains the raw materials, and the method and proportion of configuration are not inventions. When it comes to the West, it is very loose