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How to improve students' computing ability in teaching

1. Pay attention to the teaching of arithmetic and regular process and improve calculation skills.

Arithmetic and laws are the basis of calculation. Correct calculation must be based on a thorough understanding of calculation. Students can clearly calculate and remember the rules in their minds. When they do four calculation problems, they can do them in an orderly way. How to talk about liquidation? For example, in the teaching of fractional addition, I first guide students to talk about arithmetic and sum up the rules. For example, for fractional addition with the same denominator, I can do this: first, use a graph to represent it; Then ask what are the decimal units of these two fractions? How many such units are there? Combined with graphic observation, answer: 1 what is plus 2? By calculating this problem, can we preliminarily summarize the law of fractional addition with the same denominator? Guide students to narrate in their own language. At this time, the student's narrative may be incomplete. And let the students think again: how to calculate? And explain why. On this basis, the conclusion is put forward: add and subtract fractions with the same denominator, add and subtract numerators, and the denominator remains unchanged. In this way, students not only understand arithmetic, but also master the rules, which lays the foundation for learning addition and subtraction of different denominator fractions.

Calculation rules are the programming and regularization of calculation methods. If you don't know the calculation principle, you can master it only by mechanical training, but you can't adapt to the ever-changing specific situation, let alone use it flexibly. Therefore, we should properly handle the relationship between arithmetic and algorithm, guide students to follow "logic" into "method", control "method" with "logic", and promote the formation of computing skills through intellectual activities. If students don't understand the concept of numbers, they can't understand the principle of number arrangement in written calculation: if they don't understand the basic properties of decimals, they can't convert the division of divisors into decimals into division of divisors into integers; It is difficult to explain the calculation rules clearly without knowing the meaning of the four operations. Making students understand the concepts of numbers and four operations correctly is the premise of mastering the four operation rules, so it is necessary to make clear the calculation knowledge of numbers and numbers in teaching. In the usual teaching, the meaning of the four operations can be gradually formed and deepened in the process of calculating the solution of the problem. Calculation rules are the basis for students to correctly perform four operations. We can pay attention to the steps and methods of calculation through typical examples. Algorithms and properties are the basis of clarifying calculation rules and simple algorithms. Through the calculation of specific problems, students can be guided to observe, compare and analyze, find out the same characteristics of * * *, and then make a summary, so that students can understand the practical significance of laws and properties. Special attention should be paid to let students learn to use the algorithm and properties on the basis of understanding, and make some simple calculation methods to continuously improve students' calculation ability.

Second, strengthen basic training and cultivate computing ability.

1, pay attention to oral arithmetic training and lay a solid foundation for calculation. Oral calculation is a basic skill that students must master skillfully, and it is one of the most basic and important skills in mathematics learning. Oral arithmetic is related to whether you can successfully learn and master a series of contents such as multi-digit addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, decimal and fractional operations. Mathematics curriculum standards emphasize the importance of oral calculation in the first and second semesters. Therefore, primary school calculation teaching should pay special attention to oral calculation training.

For example, decomposition of numbers within 10, addition and subtraction of numbers within 20, multiplication and division in tables, etc. It is the key to improve the accuracy of operation. In addition, according to the learning content of different grades, let students remember some commonly used data, such as middle grade: 25×4= 100,125× 8 =1000; Senior grade: decimal value and percentage value of the simplest true fraction with denominator of 2, 4, 5, 8, 20, 25, square value of 1~20, etc. , so that students can form skilled oral calculation skills and achieve correct, fast and flexible calculation.

2. Strengthen estimation training and develop students' thinking. Estimation is an ability to approximate or roughly estimate the operation process or result. Estimation is helpful for students to find the deviation of their own problem-solving in time, rethink and calculate, thus improving their calculation ability. In teaching, teachers should teach students some estimation methods, so that students can form a correct thinking direction and improve the accuracy of calculation.

Such as: multi-digit multiplication, mastering the digits and mantissa of the product; The calculation of decimal four depends on the positioning of decimal point. It is a common estimation method to estimate the results according to the characteristics of formulas. For example, 25×0.85, because 0.85 is less than 1, the product of 25×0.85 is less than 25; 100÷0.25, because 0.25 is less than 1, the quotient of 100÷0.25 is greater than 100, and so on. In this way, once obvious mistakes are found in advance, they can be corrected in time, which not only ensures the acquisition of correct answers, but also trains the correctness of students' thinking.

In addition, the estimation is also used to calculate application problems, such as the average application problem: there are 10 grandmothers and 12 grandfathers in the nursing home, with an average age of 80.5 years and an average age of 73.5 years. Find the average age of the elderly in the hospital. Before answering, ask the students to estimate the average age of the elderly. With the estimation results, we can avoid the joke of (80.5+73.5) ÷ (10+12) ≈ 7 (years old).

In teaching, let students estimate, and combine calculation teaching with estimation teaching organically, so that students' calculation ability and estimation ability will be improved, killing two birds with one stone. Carrying out estimation training at any time, deepening students' understanding of arithmetic and methods, clarifying the answer range of formula questions and reducing mistakes are of great benefit to improving students' computing quality and cultivating good thinking.

3. Strengthen simple calculation training to improve calculation efficiency. Simple calculation is an important part of calculation teaching in primary schools. It requires students to make full use of the operation rules, properties and formulas they have learned, and reasonably change the data and order of operation, so as to make the calculation as simple and fast as possible and improve the calculation efficiency. Therefore, in teaching, we must strengthen the training of simple calculation, gradually enhance the awareness of simple calculation and improve the ability of simple calculation. In calculation, students tend to apply and abuse some properties and laws, so students should do some comparative exercises, diagnose their own mistakes, reflect on the crux of calculation errors, and prevent the same mistakes from happening again. Such as: 300- 175+25, 300- 1.