A poem in Dream of Red Mansions, please give me a complete translation of this poem.

Chapter 63: Xing Xiuyan quoted Miaoyu:

He often said that there are no good poems among the ancients since the Han, Jin, Five Dynasties, Tang and Song Dynasties, only two lines are good, and he said, "Even if there is an iron threshold for a thousand years, there will eventually be a piece of earthen bread."

Since there are only two good lines of poetry in the past two thousand years, I guess the situation is that these two lines cannot be wrong, but unfortunately they are wrong again. This is quoted from Volume 28 of Fan Chengda's "Shihu Poetry Collection":

A catalpa can be used anywhere in the family mountain, and a pot with a lotus pallet is like a drunk Liu. Even if there is an iron gate for a thousand years, there will eventually be a piece of earthen bread. The three-wheeled world is still in a state of gray calamity, and the four major bodies are strong. How thick are the ants and the black kites? The chrysanthemums bloom in autumn in the wind. ("The Land of Longevity and Longevity")

There is a difference between "threshold" and "threshold". Fan's poems have their origins, and "day warmth" and "sudden warmth" are no more than descriptive words. This contradiction is sharp and cannot be reconciled. Divided into two aspects: the original canon and the novel: (1) According to the original canon theory, it must be written as "iron gate", and it would not be wrong to write "iron gate" as a model poem. Fan quoted the story of the Six Dynasties: Zhiyong was named after his calligraphy. Guests made invitations, the door threshold was pierced with holes, and iron was used to solidify its limit. The old man named it "Iron Gate", which can be seen in "Xuanhe Shupu". Although quoted, the meaning is slightly different from the original text. Poetry talks about what happens after death. A person defends himself like an "iron gate" that will last for thousands of years, but he will eventually be buried in the grave.

(2) According to the theory of novels, an "iron threshold" must be established, and it would be a joke to modify it based on the original text. First, our vernacular only talks about "threshold" but not "threshold". Cao had his reasons for changing the original poem. Secondly, the author of "Dream of Red Mansions" particularly liked these two sentences, and they are also used extensively and specially in other places, such as "Sister Wang Feng took control of Tiekang Temple, and Qin Jingqing took control of Mantou Temple" in Chapter 15. Can this also be changed? For the Tiexian Temple? Moreover, in the 63rd chapter, Jia Baoyu also said clearly, "It's strange that our temple is said to be Tiejuan Temple. It turns out that this is the case."

So the Iron Threshold and Iron Threshold Temple in "A Dream of Red Mansions" are the same thing, a sentence, and cannot be changed blindly no matter where it is. The engraving editions such as Cheng Jia, Yi edition and Daoguang Wang Xuexiang edition have not been changed, but the stone seal "Jin Yu Yuan" was changed during the reign of Emperor Guangxu.

...There are only two good sentences, saying: "Even if there is an iron gate for a thousand years, there will eventually be a soil steamed bun." (Note: "This is Fan Shihu's self-operated longevity poem, which is actually the wealth of this book." Under the two words, there is a big comment, so the topic is treated in fifteen chapters, and it is specially performed by Qin Baoxifeng, so it is the name of a temple and an nunnery. It can be seen that the planning of the chapter was not done in detail. ”)

The annotator did check the original book, but that’s why it needs to be changed, and that’s why it’s wrong. He not only understands that "the author's name for one temple and one nunnery (Tiekan Temple, Mantou Temple) comes from this", he also understands that "it is specially performed by Qin Baoxifeng", why the original poem "Iron Threshold" quoted in Chapter 63 is "Have you changed it?" It has been changed, that is, the name does not match the "Kill" of "Iron Kan Temple" and has become two paragraphs, which has compromised the advantages of the book's common blood and consistent expression.

It is not easy to quote every word of the original book, and it is worthy of praise and learning for the work of textual research. Novels are another matter. The novel must be lively and interesting, and the most fearful thing is to drop the book bag. Of course, being lively and lively does not necessarily mean misquoting the book; but if you accidentally miss a word or two, it does not harm the meaning of the text, that is, it does not matter. If it is beneficial, you should not change it rashly. "A Dream of Red Mansions" changes "threshold" to "threshold". The difference of one word is that it makes use of ancient poetry and makes it quite vernacular and integrates it into the novel. It is the magic touch of turning stone into gold. In my opinion, it was probably the author's intention to rewrite it this way, and it was not a misremembering or a clerical error. Here, should we be solely responsible for Fan Shihu, or should we be responsible for Cao Xueqin? This must be considered first. If the original version of "Jin Yu Yuan" is about Taiping Xianren, the name is changed according to evidence, which completely loses the author's intention, and it is not just a massacre of scenery. Fortunately, books like this are not very popular, and most of the current versions are still considered "iron threshold".

It would be easy to deal with such a problem. After the original text is attached in the annotation, the original sentence of the original song is quoted. The pros and cons of it are self-evident to the reader at a glance, so there is no need to distort the previous text and become a snake's foot.

A catalpa tree can be used everywhere in Jiashan, and a man carrying a lotus palate and a pot looks like a drunk Liu.

Even if there is a thousand-year iron gate, there will still be a piece of earthen bread.

The three-wheeled world is still in a state of gray calamity, and the four great bodies are strong.

How thick are the ants and the black kites? The chrysanthemums bloom in the wind.

This poem laments the finiteness of life and mocks the ignorant and shallow dignitaries who created their lives during their lifetime. Human beings will eventually die, a natural law that no one can resist. The poem uses steady antithesis and metaphorical imagery to explain a very simple truth that some people are unwilling to admit. There is a broad-mindedness in the lament, which shows the author's clear understanding of the laws of life and his respect for those who created life before his death. ridicule.

"It's the same." Even if you are powerful and live a long and vigorous life for a thousand years, you will eventually end up in a desolate, depressing, extremely lonely house that looks like a pile of dirt. After the burning and destruction of the three-wheeled world, there are still remaining ashes. After death, the body is buried in the hometown and the four elements are empty, and the body turns into dust and the air is fragrant. Mortal corpses are food for birds and ants, so why create a living body and prepare for a grand burial while you are still alive, letting the mute Qiu Ju clap her hands in the wind and laugh at your ignorance and sadness.

Reference materials: /Honglou/31/mydoc009.htm

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