Teach me a few words of Sichuan dialect!

As a branch of Mandarin, Southwest Mandarin has high internal consistency. As a part of southwest mandarin, Sichuan dialect has great internal consistency. Compared with Putonghua, it is also different in pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar.

There is a great degree of consistency. Nevertheless, as a local dialect, especially in view of the complexity of Sichuan's population source in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, there are still more than 30 Hakka dialect islands and more than 40 Xiang dialect islands.

No, Sichuan dialect and Mandarin both show considerable differences.

Phonologically, taking Chengdu dialect as an example, the differences between Sichuan dialect and Putonghua are as follows: ① initials do not roll their tongues, and zh, ch, sh and R do not roll their tongues; Glottal and nasal dullness N and glossal root nasal dullness increased. Nasal n and lateral sound

L is a nasal edge sound, which sounds like a free variation of the two. ② There are no nasal vowels eng, ing, ueng, monosyllabic vowels e and -i, and no segmented vowel uo, which increases homophones.

Mother iai, compound vowel ue, compound vowel O. (3) No treble.

As far as Sichuan dialect is concerned, there are some differences in pronunciation. As far as tone is concerned, one third of the nearby counties and cities have independent intonation, and 20 counties and cities do not belong to the upper tone, but to the lower tone or the lower tone. But,

In these places (except Xichang and Mianning), the tone, rising tone, rising tone and falling tone are similar to those in Chengdu-Chongqing film, namely, Gao Pingtiao, middle-low falling tone, high falling tone, low rising tone or low falling tone.

As for the subtle differences, there are also many places. Limited to space, I won't say much here.

In word formation, compared with Putonghua, the significant difference of word formation is that nouns and verbs overlap, that is, nouns can overlap, but verbs generally cannot.

1, the overlapping of nouns. Most monosyllabic nouns and nominal morphemes in Sichuan dialect can overlap, and most of them overlap with the second word (more in eastern Sichuan than in western Sichuan). Overlapping types represent nicknames. There are several ways of non-overlapping type, such as single word, adding "zi" suffix, adding "er" suffix or Hua Er. The specific words vary from place to place. For example:

Xiao Cao Xiao chong Xiao chong Guo Guo Guo

Cave-caveman-everyone's mouth-mouth-mouth.

Some verb morphemes and adjective morphemes can also overlap to form nouns. For example:

Heavy (sediment) pumping (drawer)

Wrinkle (wrinkle) square (square block)

2. There are overlapping verbs in Mandarin, and most of them have the meaning of trying. In Sichuan dialect, verbs generally do not overlap, and verbs with "one" or "ha 'er" indicate an attempt or a short action. For example:

Take a look, take a look, take a look, haha.

Listen, listen, listen, haha.

Some regional verbs have the form of "A-A" and are used as predicates, adverbials or complements. For example:

He flew and ran.

My stomach is twisted with pain.

It is worth noting that the vivid forms of adjectives in Sichuan dialect are quite rich. Although Mandarin has the same word formation, there are far more such words in Sichuan dialect than Mandarin, and they are rich in meaning and strong in emotion.

High frequency. This can be clearly felt in Sichuan opera, dialect works and local newspapers and periodicals. Monosyllabic or polysyllabic affixes can be added before and after the root of adjectives to form this vivid form and express different States or emotional colors. example

For example, "Fire"

Adding "Liu", "Xiao Liu", "Old" and "Old" before "Soft" and adding "Liu Liu", "Old" and "Rare" after "Soft" all indicate softness, but the degree is slightly different. The format of A+bb here is especially numerical.

It should be noted that (A stands for the central meaning, which can generally be independently formed into words, and bb is an overlapping suffix, indicating a certain state or emotional color):

①A is mostly an adjective morpheme, but it can also be a verb morpheme or a noun morpheme, and Abb is an adjective. For example:

Red Lala, black stinking Haloxylon ammodendron;

Turn the fork to hang, swing, flash and break the screen;

Feng owes a monkey his life.

② A considerable number of Abb adjectives can be converted into AbAb format, with a slightly lighter meaning than Abb adjectives. For example:

Swing/swing/crack/crack.

Haloxylon ammodendron/Haloxylon ammodendron swallowed slowly/slowly.

③ Most Abb formulas are composed of A+bb, but some of them can be considered as Ab overlapping B and Ab overlapping Aabb. For example:

Photogenesis/Photogenesis/Photogenesis

Stretch/stretch/stretch

Rigid/rigid/rigid.

There are also some Abb styles that have no corresponding Aabb styles. For example:

Very thick/thick/groggy.

④ The lexical meaning of morpheme A is very clear, and that of morpheme bb is very clear, such as "exhibition" and "rejection"; Some are displayed only after being combined with A, such as "raw" and "sieve". What combination of bb and a holds?

Syntactically speaking, there is a significant difference between Sichuan dialect and Putonghua in the composition of complement.

1. Words that can be directly followed by verbs and adjectives as degree complements (followed by "le") are quite rich and expressive. For example:

Very: very tired/fat/reading.

Miserable: I like miserable/comfortable miserable/hot miserable/square miserable/good miserable/bad miserable.

Ending: just like this/just like this/just like this/just like this/just like this/just like this/just like this/just like this/just like this.

2. After the verb, use "Dao", "Qi" and "Dao Qi" as complements, which is equivalent to the auxiliary word "Zhe" in Mandarin or use "Dao", "Le" and "Qi Qi" as complements. For example:

I fell asleep watching it. (belt)

You can buy this kind of cloth everywhere. (to)

Can't control that much. (now)

It is better to stand up and do it than to sit up and say it. (belt)

Go to sleep! (below)

Roll up your pants. (get up)

Sit up and say. (below)

I'll come as soon as you pour it. (belt)

Some verbs with "de" mean that you can, possibly and should do something. In Mandarin, you often use "neng" (can, should+verb). For example:

This time, the fungus was eaten. (Yes)

The baby just turned one year old and can walk. (yes)

It's twelve o'clock, so I can go to bed. (should)

Another significant syntactic difference between Sichuan dialect and Mandarin is modal particles. For example:

The word "de" is used at the end of a statement, indicating that the objective situation is so and emphasizing it. For example:

We are a family.

Come on, he's leaving.

"Duo" is used at the end of imperative sentences or some declarative sentences, indicating imperative mood or euphemistic mood. For example:

Let me see duo again.

Ha is used at the end of a statement to emphasize and remind the other party. It is also used at the end of imperative sentences, which has a strong meaning of request. For example:

You said it yourself.

That's what you said. I didn't mean to.

Don't forget.

Don't leave until you're done.

Well, there are many uses. Used at the end of a statement to indicate that something is obvious or should be. Used at the end of imperative sentences to strengthen the pleading tone. Used at the end of a question, indicating inquiry. For example:

Nobody wants this kind of rubbish.

This dress should have been washed long ago.

Eat quickly!

Stop crying!

Do you want a lot of money?

Used at the end of a non-question or rhetorical question, wordy means to ask or strengthen the tone of doubt and dissatisfaction. For example:

Is this for me?

Are you tired of saying a few words to you?

Are you dead?

Yo is used at the end of interrogative sentences or exclamatory sentences to express criticism or dissatisfaction. For example:

What are you doing?

He makes me very angry!

When used at the end of a declarative sentence, it is often used with "inverted, ascending and inverted" to indicate the progress or continuation of the action and can supplement the tone. For example:

The meal is ready.

He sat down in his seat.

The house is still empty.

To sum up, Sichuan dialect and Putonghua are both official dialects, but as local dialects, they still have many characteristics. The above is just a summary, and the more subtle differences are mainly reflected in vocabulary.

Sichuan dialect dictionary:

1, "Drum to":

Is to force others to do things they don't want to do.

He was so angry that he wanted me to play cards.

2. "Bending acid":

It means picky!

Like why are you so sour? I prepared some for you, and you are still sour!

3. "Sa Guo":

It means it's over and over.

For example: "Today's meeting is over, that's all!"

4. "several ha":

It means hurry others up!

For example: "forget it, eat a few times and people will be waiting to get up."

5. "Ba Lang Bu":

That is, what others think and do happens to be what they think! For example:

"He is not allowed to go to dinner with you."

6. Wipe the goods:

It means taking other people's ready-made things! Come on, it's cheap.

For example, "One day if you don't work hard in the dark, you will know how to pick up other people's wet wipes!" "

7: "Cutting strength"

It means working hard and doing a good job in construction.

For example: "You have to lift hard and eat after lifting."

8: "Dog"

It means to describe a person as stingy.

For example: "Don't look at Big Brother, he is actually a beggar!" " "

9: "crooked": it means to describe a person as fierce! Or on the surface is a far-fetched fear!

For example: "You are crooked! ! Do you know what I do? (Actually, I am nothing! )"

10:: It means comparison, but Mao also means contradiction.

When I was a child, I didn't often joke with my children and say, "I am proud of you!" " Ignore you! "

For example, Mao Qi said, "Today, we are playing a new game in 500 yuan, and everyone has to raise their own money. If it is not enough, don't let them play! "

1 1:, "mian"

It means that expressing one thing and doing things with a person is very procrastinating, and the character is very slow and lingering!

For example, "Don't be so careless. Do you want it? " ? Hurry up! "

12: "planing"

Express a person's panic!

For example, "Look at his plan, it seems that he is going to rob someone!" "

13: midway "

It means that others have not finished their work or they have not finished their work, so they interrupt halfway! For example:

"I was giving a report today, and someone yawned in the middle, and everyone was infected!"

14:, "One hectare"

It means together or together! For example:

"Go to dinner today and yell at them! Waiting in Jinlong! "

15: the hair is burnt and spicy. "

Describe a person who is irritable and impatient!

For example: "Your cards are so bad that I feel hot when I lose!" "

16:, "Abandoned":

In other words, this person is more sensible and obedient. Southerners often compare children!

For example, "that baby is still relatively backward!" Said he wouldn't make trouble. "

17: "Pai"

This means fighting.

For example, "You two knock your heads in the dark all day.

18: "Back time": indicates bad luck when doing something wrong. You will be unlucky and suffer the consequences!

For example: "when you should recite, which told you not to listen to the old man!" " "

19: "Uniform": means relative average.

For example, this steamed stuffed bun is still evenly wrapped.

20: loose work ":not busy or tired, work and life are easier!" "For example:

"It's too easy for you to do so! Introduce me to three for a long time! "

2 1: "Shi Jing": refers to something that is more durable. For example:

"The bowl I bought today is still obscene, and it hasn't broken when it falls to the ground!"

22. "Uncle Ha": indicates whether you know or are sure. For example:

"Rest assured, he can't cheat me. I still have some in mind. "

"Have you counted on this?"

23: "shady fight": it means to achieve your goal quietly and not let others know! For example:

"He often goes to the vegetable market in the dark, afraid that we will see him smile!"

24. "Karma" means cheap.

For example, meat sells well now.

25.' Silent Battle': The main meaning is to express' thoughts'.

For example, "Don't fight in silence. I don't know about you. I don't want to dispute with you! " "

26: "weird": it means something is wrong, something is wrong.

For example, "there was something wrong with the TV at home yesterday, and it kept pulling!" Very angry! "

"No Malt Soup": It means that one person makes a mess of things, which is very bad!

For example, "Look, you've made a mess here."

27. "Hanghu": It is the same meaning as visiting houses in the north, and it is mostly used for holidays.

For example, "I'm going to a family on New Year's Day. Which one are you going to? "

28. "Drip Soup":

Describe a person who doesn't do things carefully, doesn't clean up enough, and always keeps some, which is used as a metaphor when eating. For example:

"Two Eva, you must be careful when you go out to work. Don't let the boss say that you can't do anything.

29., "Pu":

The liquid is too full and will overflow.

For example, "the water in the pot is going to pour out."

30: planing ":

It means that a person is very anxious about one thing and completely ignores his nervousness and embarrassment.

For example, "Hey, Xiao Huang, don't go without eating! You are planing, is your girlfriend waiting for you? "

3 1: "Climbing and falling"

Describe the image of a person walking or stumbling because of an emergency.

For example, "Look at him, he has climbed further, and he doesn't know what to do."

Thirty-two, Liu Dou;

It means that one person has been pestering another person.

For example: "drink your wine yourself, don't get me drunk!" " "

33: "Bloody Pants"

Adjectives, which describe blood and emphasize the meaning of horror.

For example, "I hate going to farmers' markets. Look at those chicken killers. They are too uncomfortable! "

34 "blackening":

Describe the words, pay attention to the color black. Very dark.

For example: "You see your hands are black, why don't you wash them?"

35: "Bangzhong:"

Describe the meaning of an object being heavy.

For example, "What's in your bag? It is heavy. ! "

36. "Breastpulling":

It means to sleep soundly, and the word is loud.

For example, "Secretary, I want to change my room to sleep tomorrow, and tian teacher is yelling at me while sleeping. ! "

37: Claws and Feet of Dreams,

Still not awake, not sensible.

For example: "You are still dreaming, get up!"

38; Zha zi? "

A little unconvinced,

What are you going to do today? Who cares, ha ~,

39: "White Lies Every Day"

This means lying.

For example, you lie in the dark all day ~

40: "Chat"

It shows that a person is hardworking and capable.

For example, "Lao Wang's wife is very talkative and busy every day."

4 1: "Cut the skull"

Curse a thing and change it to death. It seems to be often used to scold animals.

For example, "You Zhu, who cut the skull, arched."

42: "Give up things"

Same as above, usually used to scold pigs.

43: Busy Ding Pot Cover

Describe a person who is busy and wants to knock over the pot cover.

For example, "There are some guests here. He is busy smashing the tripod cover tonight.

44: "Regret"

The meaning of regret.

For example, "I picked up my cell phone and took it away. Don't regret. "

45: "Cut the skull"

It doesn't mean to blow your head off, it means to get a haircut.

For example, "Your hair is so long, you should get a skull cut."

46: "Thief Wazi"

The thief's meaning contains an element of disgust.

"A thief came last night and stole all their sausages."

47: "Big Dick"

It means bandits in the old society.

For example, "there once lived a great old man on this mountain."

48: "Basket"

Other places in Sichuan mainly describe a person who is sloppy and does not pay attention to hygiene. But in the southern dialect, it is more to describe a person's thinking is a bit "yellow" and his appearance is a bit colored.

For example, "hello, basket, look at these pornographic books."

49: "Yellow Stick"

Describe a person who knows nothing about things and is a layman.

For example: "He drives a yellow label stick, and you still call him a driver?"

50: "Catch"

Verb: It means kicking.

For example, "I caught both feet of that thing with my feet."

5 1: "Erle"

Throw away things.

For example, "I haven't used that perfume yet, please give it to me." "

52. body-related nicknames:

Fist-"stator"

Knee-head of knee

Ankle bone-screw bone, screw crutch

Ear melon seeds

Elbow bend and turn upside down

Hair-bitter hair

53: "Seeking points"

Another name for a beggar. Begging is a verb.

For example, "Yesterday afternoon, a beggar came to my house.

54: "Poke"

Something happened, something happened.

For example, "I told you not to go, but you have to go. This is a poke." "

55: "Comfort"

Express gratitude and comfort.

For example: "Xiao Wang, help me carry my computer back, thank you."

56: "Which stop?"

In the past, rural families used the usual way of craftsmen to refer to a meal before lunch. (Because lunch is usually cooked late)

For example, "Master Wang, thank you very much. Let me give you a call. " . "

57: "With handle"

The language is swearing.

For example: "They are all junior high school students, still talking." "

58: Another name for animals:

Earthworms-Monopterus albus

Spider-car spider

Cricket roast chicken

Cockroach oil thief

Dragonfly-Dingding Cat

Toad-walker

Frog-Hakka Mammy

Bat night flower (children) [this is a vowel]

Snake worm (we also call it "black burning whip" there)

An old official (child) who wastes mice [is a kind of pronunciation]

59: "A thousand troubles"

Describe the child's family as naughty and causing trouble everywhere.

For example, "the dolls of Lao Zhang's family are so annoying that they have a headache when they see them."

60 "pouting people"

The meaning of swearing. For example: "Lao Wang's wife has a good temper and always pouts."