Are woodworking boards, particleboards, density boards, large core boards, and melamine boards all suitable for making furniture? What can he do if it doesn't suit him.

Woodboard (commonly known as large core board) is a plywood with a solid wood core. Its vertical bending strength (divided by the direction of the core board) is poor, but its transverse bending strength is high. Most of the boards on the market now are solid, glued, double-sided sanded, and five-layer blockboards, which are one of the most commonly used boards in decoration.

Advantages:

A. Blockboard has good screw-holding power and high strength. It has the characteristics of solid quality, sound absorption and heat insulation. The moisture content of blockboard is not high. -13, it is easy to process and is used in furniture, doors, windows and covers, partitions, false walls, heating covers, curtain boxes, etc. It is the most widely used.

B. Since the interior is made of solid wood strips, the requirements for processing equipment are not high and it is convenient for on-site construction.

Disadvantages:

A. Because the woodworking boards are in production A large amount of urinary-formaldehyde glue is used in the process, and the amount of formaldehyde released is generally high, and environmental standards are generally low. This is why most woodworking boards have a pungent smell.

B. Most of the woodworking boards currently on the market cut corners when producing them. When splicing solid wood strips, the gaps are large, and there are common holes inside the boards. If nails are nailed in the gaps, there is basically no nail-holding power.

C. The solid wood strips inside the woodworking board are spliced ??longitudinally, so the vertical bending and compressive strength is poor. Long-term stress will cause obvious lateral deformation of the board.

D. The solid wood strips inside the woodworking boards are made of different materials and have different densities. After simple drying treatment, they are easy to warp and deform; the structure is distorted and deformed, affecting the appearance and use effect.

E. Since the surface of the woodworking board is relatively rough, a large amount of glue or paint is usually used to treat the surface during on-site woodworking. Therefore, the furniture made of this board is extremely unenvironmental. This is also a decoration problem. The main reason why the smell is very pungent is that this kind of furniture made on site is the main culprit of causing cancer and genetic mutation, and is very harmful to the human body.

Particleboard

Particleboard is made by cutting various branches, small diameter wood, fast-growing wood, sawdust, etc. into pieces of certain specifications. After drying, they are mixed with glue and hardener. , waterproofing agent, etc., a kind of artificial board made by pressing under a certain temperature and pressure. Because its cross section is similar to a honeycomb, it is called particle board.

Adding certain "moisture-proof factor" or "moisture-proof agent" and other raw materials inside the particleboard becomes what people usually call moisture-proof particleboard, or moisture-proof board for short. It has a certain moisture-proof effect because the particleboard itself is moisture-proof. It has strong performance and a small expansion coefficient after absorbing water. It is widely used in cabinets, bathroom cabinets and other environments. However, in reality, it has become a tool for many inferior particleboards to cover up internal impurities. Adding green dye inside the particleboard forms what is currently called a green-based particleboard in the market. Many manufacturers use it to mislead it into a green environmentally friendly board, but in fact there is no scientific basis. In fact, most of the particleboards of top brands at home and abroad are natural base materials.

Advantages:

A. It has good sound absorption and sound insulation performance; particle board is insulated and sound-absorbing

B. The interior is granular with a cross-stacked structure. The performance in the direction is basically the same, and the structure is relatively uniform, so it has good nail-holding power and good lateral bearing capacity

C. It has strong moisture-proof performance and a small expansion coefficient after absorbing water. It is widely used in cabinets and bathrooms. Cabinets and other cabinet products with a humid environment

C. Particle board has a smooth surface, lifelike texture, uniform bulk density, small thickness error, pollution resistance, aging resistance, beautiful appearance, and can be painted and various veneers;

F. In the production process of particleboard, the amount of glue used is small, and the environmental protection coefficient is relatively high.

Disadvantages:

A. The interior has a granular structure and is not easy to mill;

B. It is easy to cause protruding teeth when cutting panels, so The requirements for processing equipment are relatively high;

Fibreboard (also known as density board)

Fiberboard is made of plant fiber as the main raw material, which is formed by hot grinding, sizing, paving and hot pressing. Made by other processes.

Fiberboards are divided into different densities. Those with a density below 450 kg/m3 are called low-density fiberboards. Those with a density between 450-800 kg/m3 are called medium-density fiberboards (MDF). Those with a density of 800 kg/m3 are called medium-density fiberboards (MDF). Above cubic meters is called hard fiberboard (HDF for short). MDF is mainly used in the production of finished furniture, but also in laminate flooring, door panels, partition walls, etc.

Advantages:

A. The surface of fiberboard is smooth and flat, and the material is fine, making it easy to shape and mill.

B. Fiberboard has good toughness and is not prone to breakage when the thickness is small (such as 6MM, 3MM).

Disadvantages:

A. Fiberboard It has poor moisture resistance and a large expansion coefficient after absorbing water

B. The interior of the fiberboard has a powdery structure and has poor nail-holding power. The screws are prone to loosening after tightening

C. Due to the low strength of fiberboard, the height of furniture cannot be too high, most of which are 2100mm.

E. During the production of fiberboard, due to its internal structural characteristics, a large amount of glue is used, and the environmental protection coefficient is low to a certain extent.

Solid wood finger-jointed board

Finger-jointed board, also known as integrated board, integrated lumber, finger-jointed lumber, is a small piece of solid wood that has been deeply processed to look like a "finger" The boards that are spliced ??together are called finger-jointed boards because of the zigzag interface between the boards, which is similar to the interlocking fingers of two hands. Since the log strips are cross-bonded, the bonding structure itself has a certain bonding force, and since there is no need to glue the surface panels up and down, the amount of glue used is extremely small.

Advantages: Since solid wood splices have fewer joints and less glue, the environmental protection factor is relatively

high. It is easy to process and can be cut, drilled, sawed and formed.

Disadvantages: Solid wood finger-jointed boards are easily deformed and cracked. Good solid wood finger-jointed boards have guaranteed quality but higher costs.

Solid wood particle board

The so-called solid wood particle board is actually a board produced using particle board technology. It can also be regarded as a type of particle board and belongs to the homogeneous particle board.

The scientific name of homogeneous particle board is oriented strand board. It is made of small diameter wood, thinning wood, wood core, board skin, branch wood, etc. and is processed by special equipment into a length of 40mm, 70mm, and a width of 5mm. It is a kind of artificial board that is formed by hot pressing of 20mm, 0.3mm, 0.7mm shavings. After drying, gluing and special equipment, the surface core layer shavings are laid in a criss-cross direction. After drying the shavings through an advanced single-channel dryer, the homogeneous particle board has a small expansion coefficient and very good moisture-proof performance. The shavings are laid layer by layer in a directional manner, so its internal texture is uniform and better than ordinary particle board. Compared with powdery density board, the nail holding power, bending resistance and stability should be stronger.

As a high-end and environmentally friendly base material, OSB is widely used by furniture manufacturers in Europe and the United States. The domestic high-end panel furniture market has also begun to adopt this type of board on a large scale.

More Multi-layer solid wood board

Multi-layer solid wood board is based on multi-layer plywood arranged in a criss-cross pattern. The surface is made of high-quality solid wood veneer or technical wood as the fabric. It is cold-pressed, hot-pressed, sanded, cured, etc. Made through several processes.

Because multi-layer solid wood boards are not easily deformed and have excellent properties of regulating indoor temperature and humidity, and the surface solid wood veneer materials have the texture and feel of natural real wood, they are more selective. . Therefore, it is highly favored by consumers.

Multi-layer solid wood boards have good structural stability, are not easily deformed, and are strong. Due to vertical and horizontal gluing, high temperature and high pressure, the deformation defects of solid wood boards are solved from the aspect of internal stress. Self-made high-quality environmentally friendly glue is used in the production process to ensure that the formaldehyde release limit of the product meets national standards and is green and environmentally friendly.

Major domestic board brands

Woodboard: Fuhan board, Tengfei, Penghong, Jinqiu

Domestic particleboard: Daya, Lushuihe

Imported particle board: Egger, Kronospan

Medium fiberboard: Jixiang, Robin

Multilayer board: Meiya

Commonly used furniture boards Specifications

Common specifications: L2440*W1220

Common thicknesses: 3mm, 5mm, 6mm, 9mm, 12mm, 15mm, 16mm, 18mm, 25mm

Understand the board After that, we also need to understand another aspect that is closely related to the environmental protection that we are most concerned about - the veneer of the board.

What we usually call Daya boards, Jilin Forestry Lushuihe boards, Eiger boards, etc. are not surface treated before going to the furniture manufacturer, and the appearance we usually see, It is the effect achieved through different surface treatment processes. The following mainly talks about several common finishing methods that Shunshui knows except using paint.

Melamine finishes

Due to last year's "Milk Powder Gate" incident, melamine has become really popular. Most ordinary people still don't understand what melamine is. , so much so that when Shunshui introduced to customers that the board was finished with melamine, he was almost regarded as an accomplice of a milk powder brand by the customer. When he came back, he was filled with emotion, searched on Baidu, and graffitied this article "Melamine's Self-Report" ", friends who are interested can give it another try. Okay, this has gone too far, let’s bring it back quickly.

Melamine veneer is to print patterns on the surface of decorative paper, then impregnate it with melamine glue to make melamine veneer paper, which is then hot-pressed on the board substrate at high temperature. superior. Because it has high requirements on the surface flatness of the base material of the board, it is usually used for the surface finishing of particleboard and medium density fiberboard. This type of board with a melamine-laminated finish is usually called a melamine board. The surface texture is realistic, wear-resistant, scratch-resistant, and waterproof. It is suitable for production and is mainly used for panel furniture. manufacture.

The decorative paper of melamine board is divided into thickness (gram weight), imported paper and domestic paper, and the ink printed on the surface is divided into imported ink and domestic ink. The effect There is also a big difference.

According to the dipping process, it is divided into full triamine glue and semi-triamine glue. The wear resistance coefficient of semi-triamine glue is not as good as that of full triamine glue.

According to the different steel plates when the decorative paper is hot-pressed, it can be divided into different effects such as smooth surface, textured surface, embossed surface, cloth pattern, corrugated surface, rain silk surface, etc.

Solid wood veneer veneer: The solid wood veneer is pasted on MDF/particle board/multi-layer solid wood and other boards through a high-temperature hot press to become a solid wood veneer veneer. Because the veneer can be imported or domestically produced There is a wide range of choices between precious wood and ordinary wood. Therefore, the grade of solid wood veneer panels is determined by the material type and thickness of the solid wood veneer.

The surface of solid wood veneer boards must be painted. Because the veneer and paint processes are different, the same wood veneer can easily produce different effects, so solid wood veneer requires higher veneer and paint processes.

Solid wood veneer is the main finishing method used in high-end furniture at home and abroad because of its real, natural feel and high grade. However, the material and manufacturing costs are relatively high.

At present, a kind of technological veneer is popular in China. It is favored by consumers for its real and natural texture, various patterns, no color difference and large format.

Cat-eye paper is a relatively thin decorative paper (also known as Boeing film), mostly made of PVC. It is pasted on the surface of the furniture with white latex and then sealed with paint. Because it is easy to mill and shape, it is mainly used for surface finishing of medium density fiberboard. At the same time, cat-eye paper veneer has poor wear resistance, is easy to leave scratches, and is prone to bubbles and discoloration. However, it is relatively low-cost and is currently the preferred veneer method for many finished furniture in my country.

Boeing film:

Solid wood sheet, fireproof board facing

Adhere the solid wood sheet (the surface needs to be painted on site) and fireproof board with glue. On several types of substrates, it is mainly used for partial surface finishes of hand-made wood on-site.

Because the amount of universal glue used during bonding is very large, the smell is very pungent, and it is extremely unenvironmental. At the same time, due to the quality of the glue used and the different gluing and pasting processes, it is easy to bubble and fall off.

Fireproof board, solid wood thin board:

Attachment: Fireproof board: Fireproof board is made of siliceous material or calcium material as the main raw material, with a certain proportion of fiber material and lightweight bone. Decorative panels are made by mixing materials, adhesives and chemical additives and using autoclaving technology. Fireproof boards have better high temperature resistance, wear resistance, and chemical resistance. Some fireproof boards can be bent after being heated. Fireproof board cannot be used alone. It is generally pasted on the surface of artificial boards or wood. Since fireproof boards have dry shrinkage, if you don't pay attention to the process when pasting them, the glue will break easily. Therefore, during construction, the requirements for the glue are relatively high, and the price of better quality fireproof boards is more expensive than ordinary decorative panels. The thickness of fireproof board is generally 0.8mm, 1mm and 1.2mm.

Finally, let’s talk a little bit about formaldehyde

I remember there was a saying in Huang Hong’s sketch, “Don’t be afraid of fakes, be afraid of formaldehyde.” It’s not an exaggeration at all, because this thing is real It is untouchable, so in the last part of this article, I will introduce to you the relevant knowledge of formaldehyde. Shunshui is not a professional in chemistry. The information found in some places may not be accurate. Please criticize and correct formaldehyde (HCHO) Also known as formic aldehyde, it is a colorless gas with a pungent odor. The gas density is 1.067 kg/cubic meter and it is easily soluble in water and ethanol. It is a gaseous state at normal temperature and usually appears in the form of an aqueous solution. It is a very strong bactericide with antiseptic, sterilizing and stabilizing effects. A 35-40% formaldehyde aqueous solution is commonly known as "formalin". Determined by the World Health Organization as a carcinogen and teratogen.

The reasons why artificial boards produce formaldehyde

(1) When the wood itself is drying, formaldehyde is produced due to internal decomposition. The smaller the density of wood, the stronger its ability to emit formaldehyde.

(2) The glue used for bonding board substrates is one of the main causes of formaldehyde production. The main glues currently on the market are urea-formaldehyde glue and melamine glue. The production process of urea-formaldehyde glue is simple and does not require high equipment. It is mostly produced by many small workshops. However, the amount of formaldehyde released is large, but because of its low price , mainly used by woodworking boards, medium and low-density fiberboards, which require a large amount of glue when bonding base materials. Melamine glue is a new type of environmentally friendly glue. Its production process and equipment requirements are relatively high. Formaldehyde The content is lower, but the price is much more expensive than urine-formaldehyde glue. It is generally selected for high-end boards.

The effects of formaldehyde on human health

It is mainly manifested in abnormal sense of smell, stimulation, allergy, abnormal pulmonary function, abnormal liver function and abnormal immune function. When its concentration reaches 0.06-0.07 mg/m3 per cubic meter of air, mild asthma will occur in children. When the formaldehyde content in indoor air is 0.1 mg/m3, there will be odor and discomfort; when it reaches 0.5 mg/m3, it can irritate the eyes and cause tears; when it reaches 0.6 mg/m3, it can cause throat discomfort or pain. When the concentration is higher, it can cause nausea and vomiting, coughing, chest tightness, asthma and even pulmonary edema; when it reaches 30 mg/m3, it will cause death immediately.

Environmental Protection Standards

The environmental protection testing method of artificial boards is to use the perforation value method, which measures the amount of formaldehyde taken out from the board after drilling a certain number of holes in the board.

The standards currently referenced by boards on the market are roughly divided into national environmental standards and European standards. The parameters are:

European environmental standards

Formaldehyde content per 100 grams of E0-level products ≤ 5 mg (≤5mg/100g)

E1 level formaldehyde content per 100g product ≤5-10 mg (≤5-10mg/100g)

E2 level product per 100g The formaldehyde content in the medium is ≤10-30 mg (≤10-30mg/100g)

Digression:

Here are some standards:

1. The World Health Organization (WHO) stipulates that the formaldehyde content in the drinking water quality and safety guidelines is less than 0.9 mg/L; (

Reference:)

2. Living room The maximum allowable concentration of formaldehyde in the air is 0.08 mg/cubic meter; (

Reference: GBT 16127-1995 Hygiene Standard for Formaldehyde in Bedroom Air)

3. Drinking water in my country The formaldehyde content stipulated in the national standard is less than 0.9 mg/L; (

Reference: Mandatory National Standard GB5749-2006)

4. National Standard "Hygienic Standard for Fermented Wine" 》The formaldehyde content specified is less than 2 mg/L; (

Reference: National Standard GB2758-2005)

5. The National Standard of the People's Republic of China "Solid Wood Composite "Floor" stipulates: the formaldehyde release amount of type a solid wood composite flooring is less than and equal to 9 mg/100g; the formaldehyde emission amount of type b solid wood composite flooring is equal to 9 mg-40 mg/100g; (examination information: national standard GB/T 18103- 2000)

6. "National Environmental Labeling Product Technical Requirements - Artificial Wooden Panels" stipulates that the formaldehyde release in artificial panels should be less than 0.20 mg/cubic meter; the formaldehyde release in wooden floors should be less than 0.12 mg/cubic meter. cubic meter. (

Reference: HJBZ 37-1999)

So, although formaldehyde is a toxic substance, you don’t have to talk about formaldehyde and change your color. According to scientific reports, Even the apples we eat contain a certain amount of formaldehyde.

A few tips for air management during decoration:

1. If it is purely to remove odor, you can use onions, peppers and other things with strong odors to place them there.

2. In addition to deodorizing, you must also remove formaldehyde pollution. You can use activated carbon, which is more commonly used nowadays, including bamboo charcoal, charcoal, etc., which are available in the market, and the price ranges from a few yuan to dozens of yuan. It doesn’t matter; you can also raise some green plants to achieve the effect of purifying the air, but it cannot be completely eliminated.

3. Ask a professional air management company to handle the problem.

No matter which of the above methods is used, it is impossible to completely remove formaldehyde from decoration and furniture products, but it can reduce its pollution until it reaches environmental protection standards. Here are some suggestions for new decoration A good house must be well ventilated. It is best to leave it vacant for a few months after renovation before moving in. During the period of vacancy, open all the windows to allow ventilation and accelerate the evaporation of formaldehyde. In addition, before purchasing furniture products, you must carefully choose products that meet environmental standards to fundamentally reduce formaldehyde emissions.

Substrate material: melamine board

Melamine board furniture is popular internationally, and many IKEA furniture also use this material. One-time molding requires no paint. The surface is sturdy and durable, and is not afraid of scratches by hard objects. The high standard of large-scale program-controlled woodworking machinery can meet the needs of multiple disassembly and assembly.

Finishing: Melamine facing (pressed at 300 degrees high temperature, definitely not paper film or PVC film), effectively anti-scratch, wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant, easy to scrub, and no odor.

For density board, the veneer is an environmentally friendly melamine veneer made by high-temperature pressing. The environmental protection standard is E1 level. Its advantages are dense fiber, fine particles, high temperature and high pressure resistance, smooth surface, and strong Its anti-deformation ability and its formaldehyde emission comply with the national GB18584200E1 standard.

Surface: The decorative paper of the product is made of imported base paper and printed with advanced technology. Features: moisture-proof, clear texture, bright luster, strong ink adhesion, low heavy metal content, making furniture safer and more durable.

Auxiliary materials: PVC edge sealing process is used on the four sides of the board. The PVC edge sealing uses imported hot melt adhesive. After high-temperature processing, it is adhered to the surroundings of the board and then uses fully automatic edge sealing equipment to trim and trim the edges. 6 processes including polishing, grinding and re-polishing