What are the stories of the war of words between Zhuge Liang and Confucianism?

Cao Cao assembled a million-strong army to the south, aiming at eliminating the separatist forces such as Liu Biao, Liu Bei and Sun Quan in one fell swoop and unifying the whole country. Liu Biao died in Jingzhou, and his youngest son Liu Cong surrendered to Feng. With Zhuge Liang's help, Liu Bei, who temporarily relied on Liu Biao, won two battles, but in the end, because he was outnumbered, he had to abandon Xinye and go to Fancheng, and then came to Jiangxia to meet Liu Qi (the eldest son of Liu Biao).

Cao Cao's soldiers were besieged and their eyes were eyeing. At this critical moment, Zhuge Liang invited himself to promote the alliance between Sun, Liu and * * * to resist Cao Cao. In this way, a wonderful diplomatic scene of the famous "Zhuge Liang arguing Confucianism" in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms happened. A successful diplomatic activity formed a United front to unite Wu against Cao.

"Zhuge Liang and Confucianism debate" is a contest between eloquence and knowledge, but also a contest between quick thinking and courage. This dialogue is very wonderful and is often talked about by later generations. It can be said that "a three-inch golden tongue is better than a million teachers"!

"The war of words between Zhuge Liang and Confucianism" is actually a prelude for Zhuge Liang to persuade Sun Quan to confront Cao Cao. At that time, in Wu Dong's camp, there were two factions, namely capitulationists and hawks. The representatives of the capitulators are Zhang Zhao, Gu Yong, Yu Fan, Bu Zhi and Xue Zong. It is impossible to convince Sun Quan, the marquis of Wu, without persuading a group of civil servants and advisers who spread Cao Cao's threat theory and Cao Bing's invincible theory in Sun Quan's ear all day and clamored for surrender. But it is not easy to convince these knowledgeable people! See how Zhuge Liang won the debate step by step!

The first person who made trouble was Zhang Zhao, Wu Dong's counselor. This man is an old minister under Sun Ce. On his deathbed, Sun Ce said to Sun Quan, "Never ask Zhang Zhao about internal affairs, and never ask Zhou Yu about diplomacy." It can be seen that this character's position in Soochow!

Zhang Zhao's attack is sharp and sharp, which is simply a duel! Although his words are characterized by humiliation and personal attacks, they still do not lose the etiquette and courtesy of Confucian scholars. He adopted the strategy of luring the enemy in depth, forcing Kongming to admit his incompetence step by step, and finally achieved the goal of humiliating Kongming and killing him. He played three rounds with Kong Ming and finally had to give up. He had a brainwave, but in the end he was satirized by Kong Ming's innuendo, and he could only secretly shout that he had a stomachache.

The first round: Zhang Zhaoxian said in words: "Zhao is the last person in Jiangdong, and Mr. Jiu Wen has been lying in the middle of the mountain and is his own master; Music. What is the fruit of this language? " Kong Ming said, "This is a great event in life."

Zhang Zhaoxian threw stones and asked for directions. I heard that you often compare yourself with Guan Zhong Le Yi. Is that so? If someone else answered Zhang Zhao's grandiose words, he would probably say, I'm flattered! Where, where! That's all nonsense. How dare I compare myself with Guan Zhong and Le Yi? However, Zhuge Liang was not polite, did not retreat but advanced, calmly responded and caught the conversation red-handed. Yes, this is only my small proportion. It seems that Zhuge Liang has a big tone and is full of confidence!

Zhang Zhao was secretly happy, which was the answer he needed. I thought, as expected, this boy is still young. It seems that the boy suddenly fell into a trap, so he stepped in and started the second round.

Zhao Yue said, "Recently, I heard that Mr. Liu Yuzhou was in the thatched cottage. Fortunately, Mr. Liu thinks he is like a duck to water and wants to sweep Jing Xiang. If you belong to Cao Cao today, what do you think? "

A: "I think it's easy to take the land of the Han Dynasty. My Lord Liu Yuzhou practiced benevolence and righteousness, and could not bear to seize the inheritance of the same clan, so he strongly resigned. Obedient Liu Cong listened to rumors and surrendered secretly, which made Cao Cao rampant. There is no good plan for your master to station troops in Jiangxia now. He must wait and see. "

This time, Zhang Zhao talked about the current situation and wanted to force Kongming to admit his incompetence by the fact that Liu Bei was currently failing. Isn't it? Liu Bei got you, Kong Ming, and said that he was like a duck to water, ready to show off the world, but he couldn't even keep Jingzhou where he was stationed. Now it has been taken away by Cao Cao. I want to know how your top management plans and makes decisions.

But Kong Ming is still confident and calm. Yes, we are in an unfavorable situation for the time being, but those defeats are caused by objective reasons. Isn't winning a piece of cake? As for our temporary garrison in Jiangxia, it has ulterior motives. As for what strategy to take next, this is a military secret, which is not for the idle generation to know. I have no comment!

After two rounds, Zhang Zhao became more and more successful. He was secretly pleased, thinking that you were too young to understand, and you fell into my trap unconsciously. Now that you have admitted to comparing yourself with Guan Le, I will compare their great achievements in history with your embarrassing situation now. What do you say next, I wonder if you will make a fool of yourself? !

Zhao said, "In that case, your words and deeds are the opposite. Mr. Wang compared himself with Guan, enjoying himself, Guan Zhong loved Huan Gong, unified the princes, and ruled the country and the world; Le Yi supported the weak swallows and went to more than 70 cities: these two people are really geniuses to help the world. Mr. Wang is in the thatched cottage, but the legendary swordsman is sitting on his knees. Today, since we are engaged in Liu Yuzhou, we should promote the interests of the living and eliminate thieves. Before Mr. Liu Yuzhou got it, he was still in the world and divided into cities; Everyone respects Mr. Kinder. Three-footed childlike innocence, also known as Tiger Wing, will destroy Cao Shi, even though it sees the revival of the Han Dynasty. The old courtiers and hermits in the mountains wiped their eyes: they thought it was time to brush the clouds in the sky, raise the glory of the sun and the moon, save the people from the mire and put the world above the banquet. When Mr. He returned to Yuzhou, Cao Bing left and fled. On the one hand, you can't report to Liu Biao to protect the people, on the other hand, you can't help the alone and occupy the territory; Is to abandon the new field, go to Fancheng, defeat by the sun, rush to Xiakou, live without a fixed place: after Mr. Yu Zhou, it is not as good as the beginning. Guanzhong, Le Yi, really? Don't be surprised at stupid words! "

Words are so sharp, opinions are so aggressive, humiliation and personal attacks are used together, just like a storm arrival on Kong Ming!

Let's see how Kong Ming responds.

Hearing this, Kong Ming smiled dumbly and said, "Wan Li flies high. Can a flock of birds know his ambition? For example, if people are addicted, drink porridge first and then take medicine; When the zang-fu organs are in harmony and the body is gradually safe, they should be supplemented with meat and treated with strong medicine: then the root of the disease has gone and people will be whole. It's embarrassing to feel safe when you give strong medicine before your pulse is flat. My Lord, Liu Yuzhou, was defeated by the Japanese army in Runan, and sent a message to Liu Biao, with less than a thousand soldiers, to stop Guan, Zhang and Zhao Yun: Just as Xinye Mountain is a secluded county with few people and thin food, how can Yuzhou really stay here? The soldiers are endless, the battlements are not solid, the army does not practice, and the food is not available. However, Wang Bo burned the chariot and used water in the White River, which made Xia Houdun and Coss afraid: Needless to say, Guan Zhong and Le Yi were fighting. As for Liu Cong's exercises, Yuzhou really doesn't know; I can't bear to take advantage of the chaos to seize the inheritance of the same clan. This is really great. When Yang was defeated, Yuzhou saw hundreds of thousands of people go to see righteousness, help the old and carry the young, and could not bear to abandon them. They travel ten miles a day, not thinking about making progress in Jiangling, but willing to die together. This is also a great righteousness. Being outnumbered, winning or losing is common. Yesterday, Gao Didu was defeated by Xiang Yu, but the next battle was successful. Isn't this Han Xin's good plan? My husband believes that he has been a high emperor for a long time and has never been tired of winning. There is a plan to establish a national plan to protect national security. Non-discussion, false name deception: no one can sit down and talk; It's no use improvising. Really laugh for the world! " When these words were said, Mr. Zhang was speechless.

At this time, Kong Ming was still calm and laughing. Kong Ming smiled faintly. First, he made a metaphor to show his mind and ambition in life, and gently changed the subject, which eased the atmosphere full of gunpowder, and also gained a great face for himself: Dapeng bird spread its wings and soared in Wan Li. Can those birds know its ambition?

Then, Kong Ming used metaphors to demonstrate his point of view, prove his extraordinary strategy and military talent, and prove that he was even more powerful than Guan Le. Then, with examples, it points out the reasons for Liu Bei Group's temporary defeat and the expected hope of winning. Finally, Kong Ming turned his back on the guest and attacked him, accusing Zhang and others by innuendo that they were just boasting and deceiving others. Although they talk about it, no one can. But improvise and you can't do anything.

After three rounds, Zhang Zhao was beaten speechless, which brought shame to himself. How clever you are!

After Zhang Zhao's defeat, Kong Ming has won more than half the victory. Who will attack next? This person is Yu Fan. He said: "Cao Gong has a million soldiers now, and there will be thousands more in the future. The dragon is watching and swallowing Jiangxia. What is the public? " Zhuge Liang said, "Cao Bing is a rabble, though a million people are not afraid." Yu Fan went on to say that you were tired and lost, and you said you were not afraid. Isn't this bragging? !

In fact, Kong Ming has seen that he is a counselor who holds the "Cao Bing threat theory", so he seized this feature and pointed out the emptiness and fallacy of his guiding ideology: "Can Liu Yuzhou defeat millions of cruel people with ten thousand people as a teacher of righteousness? Retreat to the gorge and wait for the opportunity. Today, the soldiers in Jiangdong have enough food and grass, and the Yangtze River is in danger. They also want their master to bend his knees and surrender to thieves, regardless of the ridicule of the world. From this point of view, Liu Yuzhou is really not afraid of thieves! " Yu Fan can't be right.

Yes, our resistance to Cao Bing failed, but our weak strength of thousands of people is not afraid of Cao Cao's tiger and wolf division. You soldiers in Jiangdong have plenty of food and grass, and there are natural disasters in the Yangtze River, but everyone is scared to death, and everyone is urging the master to kneel down and surrender. You are so timid, how can you face being human in this world? ! Of course, Yu Fan has nothing to say.

The third person who challenged me, Bu Zhi, directly mocked Kong Ming as a counselor who could only distinguish tongues, like Zhang Yi in Su Qin. Kongming didn't refute, but seized the woman and said, this is the plan of Su Qin and Yi Cheung to benefit the people and the country. Unlike you who are afraid of fools and only know how to surrender, who are you to laugh at Su Qin, Zhang Yi and others? ! Let this divination be speechless and ashamed!

The fourth is general manager Xue. In fact, this Xue always holds the theory of "the rise and fall of dynasties", pointing out that the demise of the Han Dynasty and the prosperity of Cao Cao are irresistible historical laws. Therefore, Soochow irrevocably goes against the historical trend. The implication is that surrender is the best policy!

In all fairness, this view is reasonable. How clever is Kong Ming? How can he not know the truth about the rise and fall of this dynasty? Didn't he analyze Cao Cao's strength when he formulated the grand strategy? -"This sincerity can't compete with others", but at this time, Kong can't submit! So Kong Ming threw out the orthodoxy of the dynasty, which was not only a rebuttal, but almost a curse and insult to me: "Xue An came to the conclusion that there is no father and no gentleman! "Husband lives between heaven and earth, with loyalty and filial piety as the foundation. Since Gong is a minister of the Han Dynasty, if you see someone who is not a minister, you should swear to kill him: the way of being a minister is also. Today, Cao Cao's ancestors ate Hanlu, did not want to serve, but rebelled, and the whole world was angry. The public is paid by the number of days, and it is really no father and no gentleman! There are not enough words! Please don't say anything more! " Xuezong was too ashamed to answer. This scolding is well-founded and incisive! And it was very consistent with the Confucian orthodoxy at that time. Of course, Xue was speechless and could only be scolded in vain!

The fifth attack is land achievement. His view is "hierarchy". He said that Cao Cao was after Cao Can, the prime minister, and Liu Bei was the husband who knitted seats and sold shoes. How can he compare with Cao Cao?

It seems that this achievement is to humiliate Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang with hierarchy. Zhuge Liang easily refuted his point of view, and proved it with facts, pointing out that this is a child's language that dogs look down on people: "Cao Cao is a Han minister after Cao Guo Xiang;" Today is arbitrary, bullying your father. It is not only the absence of the monarch, but also the contempt for the ancestors. He was both a rebel in the Han Dynasty and a thief of Cao Shi. Liu Yuzhou, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, is now the emperor, and was knighted according to the score. Is He Yun beyond reproach? And the high-impedance got up and grew up, and eventually there was a world; What is the shame of weaving and selling seats? The boy's opinion is not as good as Gao Shi! "

The sixth attacker was Yan Gang, who refuted Kong Ming's irrationality and improper speech, and asked him what he usually treated. It seems that he wants to flaunt himself as an "academic school" and criticize Kong Ming for his lack of knowledge. Cheng Deshu, the seventh attacker, criticized Kongming as a boaster and braggart king, who probably didn't have much real talent and practical learning. These two seemingly "academic schools" both want to overwhelm Kong Ming with classics and knowledge.

Unexpectedly, Kong Ming's words, with eloquent and irrefutable language, countered those "the learning of the prince" and "the learning of the villain" who only had book knowledge and no practical experience, saying that they only knew "searching for chapters and sentences, only carving small skills, specializing in calligraphy, and learning to be an excellent official". Two academic figures are speechless!

After enjoying the war of words between Zhuge Liang and Confucianism, let's talk about Zhuge Liang's real intention to go to Jiangdong. Although Kong Ming keeps saying that Liu Huangshu is a vital force in the Han Dynasty, and the army he led is a teacher of benevolence and righteousness in the Han Dynasty, it is just diplomatic rhetoric to say how Cao Cao's millions of heroes are not afraid of strong enemies, how brave they are, how desperate they are, and how calm they are, which is insincere and demagogic, because he has another wishful thinking in his heart. What is that?

Zhuge Liang has his own dark secrets. As Liu Bei's strategist, it is natural to think of Liu Bei Group, seize the favorable fighter plane and profit from the war between Cao Cao and Sun Quan's northern and southern armies! Because he also knows that his army and troops are only a few thousand people, and the generals are only related to Zhang and Zhao, and Guan Yu's 10 thousand people are also borrowed from Liu Qi. In fact, the purpose of Zhuge Liang's plot is to "borrow a sail to Jiangdong and say that the north and south armies are annexing each other with a golden mouth." If the Confederate army wins, * * * will punish Cao Cao for taking Jingzhou; If the northern army wins, then I can take advantage of the situation and take Jiangnan. "

In other words, Zhuge Liang's intentions are sinister! In fact, he wants to persuade Sun Quan to have a big fight with Cao Cao, and he will sit quietly and watch the tigers fight, and then take advantage of it and take advantage of it! This is the true face of Zhuge Liang, which is quite different from the diplomatic rhetoric he used when arguing with Confucianism!

In a word, the war of words between Zhuge Liang and Confucianism is like a magnificent prelude to a symphony, a prelude to his diplomatic activities in Soochow, but the outstanding performance of this prelude is also a prominent performance of Zhuge Liang's talent and knowledge, which makes Zhuge Liang more famous among the three countries! Through the analysis of the world situation and the military strength of the enemy and ourselves, Zhuge Liang used eloquence and Confucianism to enlighten the marquis of Wu, Sun Quan and Zhou Yu intellectually, and finally contributed to the United front against Cao. Therefore, Zhuge Liang's diplomatic activities this time were very successful and of great strategic significance.