Two Famous Teachers of Classical Chinese

1. The meaning of learning Yi in "Two Classical Chinese Essays"

1. Translation

Yi Qiu is the best chess player in the country. Let Yi Qiu teach two people to play chess. One of them concentrated on learning and only listened to Yi Qiu's teaching. Although the other person was also listening to Yi Qiu's teaching, he was thinking about the wild geese that were about to fly over and wanted to get the bow and arrow. It shoots down.

Although the two of them learned to play chess together, the latter's chess skills were not as good as the former. Is it because his intelligence is not as good as the previous one? The answer is: not so.

2. Original text

Yi Qiu is the best chess player in the country. He asked Yi Qiu to teach two people to play chess. One of them concentrated on the game, but Yi Qiu listened. Although the other listened, he thought that a swan was coming, and he wanted to help him and shot it with his bow. Even though I have learned from him, I am not as good as him. Why is he so wise? Said: Not so.

Extended information:

1. Appreciation

"Study of Chess" is selected from "Mencius Gaozi 1". "Mencius" was co-authored by Mencius and his disciples. The content includes Mencius' political activities, political theories, philosophical thoughts and personality cultivation. The whole book is divided into seven chapters: "The King of Liang", "Gongsun Chou", "Teng Wengong", "Li Lou", "Wan Zhang", "Gao Zi" and "Jin Xin". There are five sentences in this ancient text, which have two meanings.

The first sentence has a meaning, pointing out that Yi Qiu is the best person in the country at playing chess. This sentence paved the way for the next ***, because "a famous teacher produces a good disciple", his students must be masters, and they must be like clouds of masters.

On the second level (the second and third sentences), a very disharmonious phenomenon occurred: one of the two students taught by Yi Qiu was attentive and completely remembered what Yi Qiu taught. Although the other one was listening, he was thinking that maybe a swan was coming, and wanted to pick up a bow and an arrow with a silk rope to shoot it down. As a result, although they studied together, the latter one was far inferior to the former one.

2. Introduction to the source

The book "Mencius" is a collection of Mencius' remarks. It was compiled by Mencius's disciples by observing his words and deeds. It records Mencius's language and political views (benevolent government, benevolent government, The distinction between kings and hegemons, people-centeredness, caring about the emperor’s inner feelings, and political action are classic works of Confucianism. The starting point of his theory is the theory of good nature, proposing "benevolent government" and "kingly way", and advocating the rule of virtue.

"Mencius" has seven chapters and fourteen volumes handed down to the world: "King Hui of Liang" (Part 1 and Part 2); "Gongsun Chou" (Part 1 and Part 2); "Teng Wengong" (Part 1 and Part 2); "Li Lou" (Part 1 and Part 2) ; "Wan Zhang" (top and bottom); "Gao Zi" (top and bottom); "Jin Xin" (top and bottom).

Sogou Encyclopedia-Xueyi 2. Two Classical Chinese Essays Main Content

"Xueyi" is selected from "Mencius Gaozi".

Mencius (372 BC - 289 BC) was named Ke and given the courtesy name Ziyu. During the Warring States Period, he was a native of Zou State (now Zou County, Shandong Province).

An ancient Chinese thinker and educator. He is a Confucian master after Confucius and is honored as "The Lesser Sage".

Later generations will collectively call him "Confucius and Mencius" together with Confucius. "Mencius" was co-authored by Mencius and his disciples.

The content includes Mencius’ political activities, political doctrines, philosophical thoughts and personality cultivation. The whole book is divided into seven chapters: "King Hui of Liang", "Gongsun Chou", "Teng Wengong", "Li Lou", "Wan Zhang", "Gao Zi" and "Jin Xin".

There are four sentences in this ancient text, which have three meanings. The first sentence has a meaning, pointing out that Yi Qiu is the best person in the country at playing chess.

This sentence pave the way for the next ***, because "a famous teacher produces a good disciple", his students must be masters, and they must be like clouds of masters. On the second level (the second and third sentences), a disharmonious phenomenon appeared: among the two students Yi Qiu taught, one of them was attentive and fully remembered what Yi Qiu taught; But I was thinking that maybe a swan was coming, and I was thinking about picking up a bow and an arrow with a silk rope to shoot it down.

As a result, although they studied together, the latter one is far inferior to the former one. The third level (the last two sentences) is self-questioning and answering: Is the latter one not as smart as the former one? I can say: Not at all.

Contacting the second level, we can see that the latter one is lagging behind only because he is unwilling to concentrate on studying! There are only four sentences, but they clearly explain the truth that if you don't concentrate, you will not be able to learn skills. It tells us that only by concentration can we achieve something. The conciseness and refinement of classical Chinese can be seen from this.

Read Yi Qiu, and the whole country is good at chess. Make Yi Qiu teach two people to play, and one of them will concentrate on it, and only Yi Qiu will do it. Listen; although a person listens to it, he thinks that there is a swan approaching, thinks of the bow and shoots it. Although he has learned from it, it is not like this. Is he as wise as he is? Said: Not so. The tone when reading the text: Read Haolai's "Two Children Debating the Sun" with a curious and happy sense of pursuing knowledge. Confucius traveled eastward and saw two children arguing (1), Ask why (2). One son said: "I use (3) when the sun starts to go out, (4) people are close, and when (5) the sun is at the middle of the day, they are far away." Close. One son said: "At the beginning of the day, it is as big as a car hood (6), and at the middle of the day (7), it is (8) like a pan (9). Isn't this because (10) those who are far away are small and those who are close are big?" The son said: "At the beginning of the day, it is cool and cool in Cangcang (11), and in the middle of the day, it is like exploring the soup (12). Isn't it hot for those who are close and cool for those who are far away?" Confucius couldn't decide (13).

The two children laughed and said: "Which (14) knows more about you (15)?" Notes: (1) Debate: Debate, argue. (2) Therefore: reason, reason.

(3) To: think, think. (4) Go: leave.

(5) Midday: noon. (6) Car hood: The hood on the car in ancient times was round like an umbrella.

(7) and: Here we are. (8) Then: Just.

(9) Bowl: an open vessel for holding wine and food. (10) is: yes.

(11) Cangcang Liangliang: It is dark and cold, and the weather is cool. (12) Exploring the soup: Put your hand into the hot water.

It means the weather is very hot. (13) Judgment: ruling, judgment.

(14) Who: Who, which one. (15) Ru: You.

Writing characteristics: 1. The language is concise and makes sense. 2. Be good at using metaphors.

For example, when two children were debating the phenomenon of "the distance of the sun", one party used two metaphors based on vision, "like a car hood" and "like a pan" to specifically explain the size of the shape of the sun. Combining "Richu" and "Rizhong" makes the reasons for the conclusion clear; one party starts from the feeling and uses "like exploring soup" as a comparison, and combines "Richu" and "Rizhong" to make the reasons clear. Make it clear. Because the author is good at using metaphors and his language is vivid and persuasive, it is easily understood and accepted by people.

Reference translation: Confucius traveled to the East and saw two children arguing on the way. Just ask them what they are debating.

A child said: "I think the sun is close to people when it first rises, and is far away from people at noon." Another child thought that the sun is far away from people when it first rises, and is close to people at noon.

The previous child said: "When the sun first rises, it is as big as the hood of a car, and when it reaches noon, it is as small as the mouth of a plate. Isn't this why things far away appear small and things close up appear large?" ?” Another child said: “It feels cool when the sun first comes out, but when it reaches noon it is as hot as putting your hand in hot water. Isn’t this why people who are close feel hot and people who are far away feel cool?” Confucius listened. , can't judge who is right and who is wrong. The two children laughed and said: "Who said you know many things?" This story tells the story of the Spring and Autumn Period. Two children asked Confucius, a great scholar at the time: "When does the sun get closer to us?" One thinks that the sun looks larger in the morning than at noon, so the sun is closer to us in the morning.

The other thinks that the sun is warmer at noon than in the morning, so the sun is closer to us at noon. The two of them draw two completely different conclusions from two different aspects, and they are both very valid. Truth, even Confucius didn't know which one was right. This is a seemingly simple but actually complex question. However, today, scientists have been able to completely answer this question. In a word; the sunrise and sunset times and the height of the sun constantly change throughout the year and vary with different latitudes.

In 1955, Professor Dai Wensai, a famous Chinese astronomer, conducted an in-depth study on this issue and published the paper "Changes in the Distance between the Sun and the Observer within a Day". Taking Beijing as an example, from December 15th to January 22nd, the sun at noon is closer than that in the morning and evening; from January 22nd to June 5th, the sun at noon is farther than that in the morning and closer than that in the evening. From August 1st to August 15th, the sun at noon is closer than that in the morning and evening; from August 1st to December 15th, the sun at noon is closer than that in the morning and farther than that in the evening.

On January 22 and June 5, the distance between the sun and the earth is equal in the morning and noon; on August 1 and December 15, the distance between the sun and the earth is equal in the morning and evening. equal. This was calculated in 1954 and can be applied for 100 years. After 100 years, the difference will be one day.

It can be seen that such a complex issue was too profound for people living in the Spring and Autumn Period. However, the ancient people's thoughtful and inquiring qualities are worth learning from us.

Without thinking, there is no exploration. We believe that no matter how difficult the exploration is and how complicated the calculation is, as long as one generation passes, we will achieve success. 3. Famous teachers explain what the first lesson of the Chinese textbook for sixth grade primary schools is?

The first lesson is "Two Classical Chinese Essays"! ! !

The first classical Chinese article: "Xue Yi" Yi Qiu, the best chess player in the country. So Yi Qiu taught two people to play chess. One person concentrated on listening to Yi Qiu's teachings. Although the other person was listening to Yi Qiu's teachings, he was thinking about a swan flying by and wanted to draw his bow and shoot it down. . Although I studied with him (the previous person), I was far inferior to the previous person. Is it because his intelligence is not as good as the previous one? Said: That's not the case.

The second classical Chinese article: "Two Children Debating the Sun" Confucius went to the East to study, saw two children arguing, and asked why.

A child said: "I think the sun is closer to people when it first rises, and further away at noon."

Another child thinks that the sun is farther away when it first rises. Stay away from people and get closer to people at noon. "

A child said: "When the sun first rises, it is as big as the car hood, and at noon, it is like a container for holding things. This is not the reason why it looks small when it is far away and big when it comes in. ? "

Another child said: "It feels cool when the sun first comes out, but at noon it feels like putting your hand into hot water. It doesn't feel hot when you go in, but cool when you are far away. Does it make sense? "

Confucius couldn't tell what was going on.

The two children smiled and said, "Who said you are knowledgeable? ” 4. Translation of two classical Chinese articles

Yi Qiu is the best player in the country at playing Go.

Let Yi Qiu teach two people to play Go. One of them is dedicated, and as long as he is He listened carefully to what Yi Qiu said, pondered carefully, and understood it carefully. The other person was also listening to Yi Qiu's teachings on the surface, but in his heart he thought that the swan was coming, and was thinking about how to draw the bow and set an arrow to shoot the swan down. .

Although they learned Go together, the latter was not as intelligent as the others? Answer: Not so.

Confucius saw two people on his way to the East. The children were arguing. Ask them what they were arguing about.

One child said: "I think the sun is closer to people when it first rises, and farther away at noon." "Another child thinks that the sun is far away from people when it first rises, and is close to people at noon.

The first child said: "When the sun first rises, it is as big as the hood of a car. Just like the mouth of a plate is as small as a bowl, doesn't it mean that things far away appear small and things close up appear large? Another child said: "When the sun first comes out, it feels cool and cool. When it reaches noon, it is as hot as putting your hand into hot water. Isn't this why people who are close feel hot and people who are far away feel cool?" After hearing this, Confucius couldn't tell who was right and who was wrong. The two children laughed and said, "Who said you are smart?" ". 5. Two explanations of a text in the second volume of the sixth grade of primary school.

"Xue Yi" original: Yi Qiu, the one who is good at chess in the whole country.

Shi Yi Qiu's teachings Two people are playing chess, one of them is concentrating on the game, but he is listening to the game. Although the other is listening, he only thinks that there is a swan coming, and he wants to help him and shoots it with his bow.

Why is he so wise? Said: Not so. Translation: Yi Qiu is the best chess player in the country.

He was asked to teach two people to play chess. One of them concentrated on listening to Yi Qiu's teachings; while the other person was listening, but in his heart he always thought that a swan was about to fly over and wanted to take the bow and arrow. Go shoot it. In this way, although he studied with the previous person, he did not learn as well as the previous person.

Can it be said that his intelligence is not as good as the previous one? Said: That's not the case. "Two Children's Debate" Original: One child said: "I think when the sun starts to rise, people are close, but when the sun is at noon, they are far away." . One son said: "At the beginning of the day, it is as big as a car hood, and at the middle of the day, it is like a pan. Isn't it that the far one is small and the near one is big?" The middle of the day is like exploring a soup. Isn't it hot when you are near and cool when you are far away?" Confucius couldn't decide.

The two children laughed and said: "Who (shú) knows (zhì) for you (rǔ)?" Translation: When Confucius went to the East to study, he saw two children arguing, and Confucius asked them Reason for argument. One child said: "I think the sun is close to people when it first rises, and is far away from people at noon."

Another child thought that the sun is far away from people when it first rises, and is far away from people at noon. People are close. The first child said: "When the sun just rises, it looks like a big round hood, but when it reaches noon, it looks like a plate. Isn't it small in the distance and big in the distance?" Another child said: "The sun has just risen. It feels refreshing and cool when I get up, but at noon it is as hot as putting my hand in hot water. Isn't it hot when you are close and cool when you are far away?" Confucius could not judge whether the two children were right or wrong.

The two children smiled and said: "Who said you are knowledgeable?". 6. What are your thoughts after reading the first text of the first unit of the sixth grade Chinese textbook, Two Classical Chinese Texts

What are your thoughts after reading two classical Chinese texts? Today I read the first text of the sixth grade Chinese textbook, the second volume - —Two articles in classical Chinese.

This first classical Chinese article is: Learning Chess, which is selected from "Mencius·Gaozi". The article first writes that Yi Qiu is the best at playing Go in the country, then writes that Yi Qiu teaches two people with different learning attitudes to play chess, and the learning results are completely different. Finally, it writes that the different learning results of these two people are not due to intellectual differences. What a difference.

This incident illustrates the principle that learning should be concentrated and not half-hearted. Its full text means that Yi Qiu is the best chess player in the country.

He taught two students to play chess. One of the students was very attentive and only listened to Yi Qiu's teachings. Although the other student was also listening to Yi Qiu's lectures, he kept thinking about a swan coming from the sky. , wanting to draw an arrow and shoot it down. Although they study together, the latter classmate does not study as well as the former one.

Is it because his intelligence is not as good as others? Said: That's not the case. "Xueqi" teaches two people to learn to play chess through Yiqiu, which illustrates that different attitudes will produce different results under the same conditions, and tells us that learning must be concentrated and must not be half-hearted.

I felt deeply after reading the text "Xueyi". This article tells a simple story and warns us that we should concentrate on learning and not be half-hearted. There is a big difference in the academic performance of the students in our class. The reason is not the difference in intelligence between people, but the difference in concentration and diligence.

Another classical Chinese text is: Two Children Debating the Sun, selected from "Liezi·Tang Wen". It tells the story that Confucius met two children arguing on the road. One believed that the sun is closer to people in the morning, and the other believed that the sun was closer to people at noon. For this reason, both sides held different sides and could not settle the dispute. Even a learned man like Confucius could not decide. , was laughed at by two children.

The story reflects the two children's good observation, reasonable speech and Confucius's practical attitude. The meaning of the topic is: Two children are arguing about the sun.

The full text of this classical Chinese article means: One day, Confucius went to the East to study and saw two children arguing about something, so he asked what the reason was. A child said: "I think the sun is closer to people when it first rises, and farther away from people at noon."

Another child thought that the sun is farther away from people when it first rises, and farther away at noon. Time should be closer.

A child said: "When the sun first rises, it is as big as a car hood, but at noon it looks like a plate. Isn't this the reason why it looks small when it is far away and big when it is close?" Another child said: "The sun is as big as a car hood when it first rises, but it looks like a plate at noon. It felt cool when I first came out, but at noon it felt like putting my hand into hot water. Isn't this the reason why it feels hot when it is close and cold when it is far away?

The two children smiled and said: "Who said you are knowledgeable? "Two children's debate about the sun revolves around the question of when the sun is close to people and when it is far away from people. It explains the reasons of the two children. Confucius was unable to make scientific judgments when faced with this problem. This story illustrates that in order to understand nature, explore the objective The truth requires the courage to think independently and to question boldly. It also shows that the universe is infinite and knowledge is endless. Even the most knowledgeable people will not know something. Learning is endless.

Through this article about two children debating Japan. Through my study, I felt the spirit of ancient children who were good at observing and thinking and dared to challenge authority. I also experienced Confucius’s attitude of dealing with people in a down-to-earth manner. As Confucius himself said, “Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, it is knowing. ? "Recently, I studied the ancient text "Xue Yi". In the article, the two students' completely different learning attitudes made me understand that learning must be concentrated, without distractions, and not half-hearted.

"Xue Yi" "Mainly tells the story: Yi Qiu, a master of chess, teaches two students to play chess. One of the students listens to Yi Qiu's teachings wholeheartedly. Although the other student also listens, he always thinks about shooting down the two swans from the sky. Although the students study together, the skills of the latter student have always been inferior to that of the previous student.

After reading this article, I realized: Studying should be concentrated and undivided, and cannot be half-hearted or multitasking. It's counterproductive. In fact, it's not just about learning, it's about doing everything. You should take it seriously and don't get distracted, otherwise it will be impossible to complete.

Just like "Kitten Fishing". . If the kitten was not affected by dragonflies and butterflies, it would not be able to catch anything.

People are not born with everything, they need to be trained and cultivated, and they learn. Only those who learn to be serious will achieve something on the road to success.

After studying the article, I know: On the road to success, You must have the two magic weapons of concentration and seriousness. Once they are missing, no matter what you do, your efforts will be in vain, because they are the key to success. PS: You can refer to the central ideas in the tutorial materials to expand. (∩_∩) O~. 7. Write an essay based on the story of "Xue Yi"

I learned the classical Chinese article "Xue Yi" and I was deeply moved after reading it.

"Learning to Play" is a short but profound ancient text. It tells a story: An old chess master Yi Qiu taught two students to play Go, and one of the students memorized the game. Qiu's teachings: listen attentively and think carefully.

Another student thought that a swan was about to fly over and thought about how to shoot it down with an arrow. Two examples in our lives, two different people, treat learning and life in two different ways.

The student who listened to Yi Qiu's teachings attentively relied on his kind of attitude towards learning. With seriousness, respect for teachers, and concentration and single-mindedness on Go, there will definitely be great achievements in study, life, and career in the future. And the student who thinks about other things while learning Go will definitely have great achievements. Two mistakes.

First, not listening when the teacher is talking or lecturing is an act of disrespect for the teacher; second, students should not be half-hearted when thinking about problems in class. Since we are students, we should respect our teachers and listen carefully during class.

This is what we should do as a student and it is also the most basic principle of life. People who do things half-heartedly will not achieve any success in study or life in the future.

Have you ever encountered such a problem in your life? If so, please correct this shortcoming as soon as possible. The purpose is to do everything well; the purpose is to develop a good habit.

Another student thought that a swan was about to fly over, and thought about how to shoot it down with an arrow. The two people in "Xue Yi" are two examples in our lives. Two different people treat learning and life in two different ways.

The student who listened to Yi Qiu’s teachings attentively, with his seriousness in learning, respect for the teacher, concentration and single-mindedness on Go, will be able to succeed no matter in study, life or career in the future. There will definitely be great achievements. And the student who was thinking about other things while learning Go made two mistakes.

First, not listening when the teacher is talking or lecturing is an act of disrespect for the teacher; second, students should not be half-hearted when thinking about problems during class. Since we are students, we should respect our teachers and listen carefully during class.

This is what a student should do, and it is also the most basic principle of life. Therefore, I feel that people who do things half-heartedly will not achieve any success in study or life in the future.

Have you ever encountered such a problem in your life? If so, please correct this shortcoming as soon as possible. The purpose is to do everything well; the purpose is to develop a good habit.

Thoughts after reading "Studying Chess" Today, I read the article "Studying Chess" by the Chinese thinker Mencius, which made me understand that you can't study half-heartedly, only by concentrating on learning can you gain something. The text "Learning Chess" mainly tells the story of a Go master named Yi Qiu who taught two children to learn Chess. One of them concentrated on listening to the lesson and studying, while the other wanted to shoot geese with a bow.

The learning results are completely different. Finally, it is pointed out that the different learning results between the two people are not very different in intelligence. Let me understand from "Xue Yi" that a person's learning attitude is very important.

This reminds me of our usual study. The teacher imparts knowledge to 50 students in one class. The time is the same and the method is the same. However, the knowledge absorbed by each person is different. Some people listen attentively and speak actively, while some people are like Zen Zen monks, "souls come out." "Qiao"; some people do what they like under the table.

If the teacher is the faucet that spreads knowledge, those students who listen carefully are like holding a big bucket and filling it with knowledge; while those who are absent-minded are like holding a small teacup to fill a sip of water, and the learning effect is certainly not good. Same. Yes, if you don't concentrate, you will get nothing. On the contrary, if you concentrate, you will get something. If you are a minor, you will get a small gain, if you are a major, you will be big. If you are dedicated, you can achieve great things.

There is a Chinese idiom called "the stupid bird flies first". A smart person who does not study seriously will become no different from ordinary people over time. However, those who have no talent, or even students who are slower than ordinary people in accepting ability, can achieve success as long as they study hard and are not ashamed to ask questions.

Diligence can make up for weakness, and they can also be the first to fly before the stupid bird flies. "Every effort is rewarded." For a person who does not have a clear purpose of learning and has an improper attitude towards learning, it is difficult to become a great disciple even if he worships under a famous teacher.

Only with a good attitude can you have a good life. The lesson "Learning Chess" tells us that success in learning does not lie in intelligence, but in a good attitude.

Attitude is the source of success. Without a good attitude, there will be no success. It was a wake-up call for our study.

Although the two studied together, their learning attitudes were completely different. One person concentrated on remembering Yi Qiu's teachings; the other person was daydreaming, thinking that a swan was about to fly over and wanted to shoot it down with a bow and arrow.

It seems that I am deeply inspired by this ancient article. I feel that sometimes we are very similar to these two chess students. I remember one day when we were about to take the final exam, our math teacher helped us review all the systems and knowledge points for this semester.

At first, we listened very carefully. But later, when the teacher talked about calculating the circumference and area of ??a circle, some students stopped listening.

Because this is the most difficult part in this book, the teacher has told it many times, and they all thought that their "wings were hardened and they could fly." As a result, they were deducted during the big exam. Got the score (I knew it during proofreading).

In fact, no matter how many times you have heard this question, even 100 times, when you hear it 101 times, you will have a new understanding of this question and you will also gain something. A new one.