Aunt is only 68 years old. How can she have 85 children?

Breast milk may be infected with hepatitis B virus, but you have only fed it once and there will be no problem. It is still recommended not to breastfeed. Three shots of hepatitis B vaccine, one shot at birth, and one shot at 1 month and 6 months respectively. Remember, be sure to give your child three shots of hepatitis B vaccine on time.

I recommend the following article to you, but the content is more detailed and specific, which is a bit long. Take your time, and you will be able to answer some of your questions further.

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Some time ago, the news said that the number of netizens in China is about 260 million, surpassing the United States and ranking first in the world. This is gratifying news, because it shows that more and more people in China can acquire knowledge through the Internet. This article is about popularizing the knowledge of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B. If you are a healthy person, please understand the transmission route of hepatitis B and eliminate the fear of hepatitis B virus carriers. If you are a carrier of hepatitis B virus, please know the treatment knowledge of hepatitis B, don't blindly believe in fake drugs, please find a regular doctor. And please publicize the knowledge of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B to people around you. Prevention and treatment of hepatitis B requires the efforts of the country, society and each of us.

At present, hepatitis B virus carriers in China are a huge group, and they can also study, work and live normally.

On the morning of April 2, 2008, the results of seroepidemiological investigation on hepatitis B and other related diseases in China were released. The survey shows that the carrier rate of HBsAg in China has dropped from 9.75% in 2000 to 7. 18%, which is 26.36% lower than that in 2000. According to this calculation, there are still about 1 10,000 HBV carriers in China.

First, hepatitis B big three yang small three yang does not mean that you have hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B virus, English name hepatitis B virus, English abbreviation HB. In Chinese, Hepatitis A virus and hepatitis B virus are named by A and B respectively, while in English, they are named by A and B respectively ... Hepatitis A virus, English name hepatitis A virus, English abbreviation HA.

To determine whether you are infected with hepatitis B virus, you need to carry out "two and a half hepatitis B tests". During the physical examination, the blood in the blood vessels of fingers or arms is taken for a "two-and-a-half hepatitis B" examination, that is, the existing state of five substances in the blood is detected, which is called "two-and-a-half hepatitis B":

Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBsAg

Hepatitis B virus E antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B virus E antibody (anti-HBeAg

Hepatitis B virus core antibody (anti-HBc);

Why are these five substances called two and a half? There are two pairs of antigens and antibodies in these five substances, but the concentration of core antigen in blood is too low to be detected, so half of them appear. Antigen here refers to impurities that invade the human body, while antibody is a substance produced by the human body itself that can remove antigen.

If something is detected in the blood during the test, it is called positive, and the positive is indicated by adding "+"; If it is not detected, it is called negative and is indicated by the minus sign "-". For example, there is a glass of water and a glass of salt water. We just have to taste it,

If it is salty, it means there is salt in the water. At this time, it can be said that the salt in this cup of water is positive, indicating salt (+);

If there is no salty taste, there is no salt in the water. At this time, it can be said that the salt in this glass of water is negative, that is to say, salt (-).

Of course, the scientific detection method is used in the "two and a half pairs of hepatitis B" detection. When hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) is detected in blood, it is said that hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) is positive, that is, HBsAg (+); If it is not detected, it means that hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) is negative, and it also means HBsAg(-).

Usually, the positive (+) of hepatitis B surface antigen, E antigen and core antibody is called "Big Three Yang";

Hepatitis B surface antigen, E antibody and core antibody are positive (+), which is called "Xiao Sanyang".

Big Sanyang and small Sanyang only show that they are infected with or carry hepatitis B virus, but they cannot show that they have hepatitis B. Only when big Sanyang and small Sanyang are accompanied by abnormal liver function, that is, abnormal transaminase, can hepatitis B be diagnosed. If it is only a big three-yang, or a small three-yang, and the liver function is normal and there are no symptoms and signs of hepatitis, it is called asymptomatic hepatitis B virus carrier (often called hepatitis B virus carrier).

The difference between big Sanyang and small Sanyang is only:

The positive E antigen of Dasanyang shows that hepatitis B virus is in a state in human cells, and it also shows that people in Dasanyang are highly contagious. The E antibody of Xiao Sanyang is positive, which means that hepatitis B virus is in a static state in human cells, that is, it does not exist, and it also means that Xiao Sanyang is not contagious or weakly contagious. Therefore, no one is more serious than Big Sanyang and Small Sanyang. Don't take it for granted that Big Three Yang is more serious than Small Three Yang when you hear the word "Big", and "Big" and "Small" only play a role in distinguishing the results of two "hepatitis B two and a half" tests, just as people's names are used to distinguish people. For example, martial arts movie stars, Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan, can you say that Bruce Lee is not as good as Jackie Chan in kung fu?

The purpose of going into so many details here is to hope that everyone can understand the meaning of big three-yang and small three-yang, not literally, and don't be afraid of big three-yang and small three-yang. Just like when I first heard Big Sanyang and Small Sanyang in middle school, I heard them on the radio. At that time, I thought they were big goats and little goats. I've always wondered how a goat came out of my liver, and the goat still has a size. At that time, because I didn't understand, I made such a joke.

If it is found to be hepatitis B (that is, abnormal liver function), active treatment measures will be taken. At the current level, as long as active treatment is taken, liver function can easily return to normal. Therefore, we must have regular examination and treatment, listen to the guidance of others, and don't believe in medicine.

Second, the difference between hepatitis B virus carriers and hepatitis B patients (hepatitis B patients)

In the "two-and-a-half" test of hepatitis B, people who are HBsAg positive (+), that is, infected with hepatitis B virus and have normal liver function without symptoms and signs of hepatitis, are called asymptomatic hepatitis B virus carriers (usually called hepatitis B virus carriers). Patients with normal liver function, such as big three-yang and small three-yang patients, are also included, also known as hepatitis B virus carriers.

Hepatitis B patients (HBV patients) refer to those who are HBsAg positive (+) and have abnormal functions. If it is found to be hepatitis B (that is, abnormal liver function), active treatment measures will be taken. At the current level, as long as active treatment is taken, liver function can easily return to normal. Therefore, we must have regular examination and treatment, listen to the guidance of others, and don't believe in medicine.

Hepatitis B virus carriers in China are a huge body, and they can also study, work and live normally.

On the morning of April 2, 2008, the results of seroepidemiological investigation on hepatitis B and other related diseases in China were released. The survey shows that the carrier rate of HBsAg in China has dropped from 9.75% in 2000 to 7. 18%, which is 26.36% lower than that in 2000. According to this calculation, there are still about 1 10,000 HBV carriers in China.

Third, hepatitis B virus carriers do not need medical treatment.

Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) is positive, indicating that it is infected with hepatitis B virus. Infection with hepatitis B virus does not mean getting hepatitis. Hepatitis can only be considered when hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) is positive, liver function is damaged and accompanied by signs and symptoms of hepatitis. Hepatitis needs regular treatment to restore normal liver function. People with HBsAg positive and normal liver function are called HBV carriers, and HBV carriers do not need medical treatment.

People with normal liver function due to big three yang or small three yang are also carriers of hepatitis B virus and do not need medical treatment. Here, I quote a column in "False and Wrong Cases of Hepatitis B Virus" written by Cai, the chief physician of Ditan, in the third issue of "Medicine and Health" to explain why people with large or small positive liver function do not need treatment. The title of this column is that the liver disease did not break out, and the disease was cured by taking the wrong medicine. Here, the content of the article is expressed in italics:

Aunt Zhao is a carrier of hepatitis B virus. Because she failed to stop mother-to-child transmission before, all the children she gave birth to were infected with hepatitis B virus. Now, my son has graduated from college. Although the liver function is normal, but because of "Australian anti" (hepatitis B surface antigen) positive, "three positive", can not apply for civil servants. The mother felt very guilty about her son's experience. She thought it was her own disaster and vowed to cure her son. Aunt Zhao accompanied her son to many homes and spent a lot of money, but none of them cured his son of hepatitis B "Big Three Yang". If it can't be cured, she will find it. Aunt Zhao, who insists on treating her son, doesn't believe that there is no medicine to turn hepatitis B negative in this world? Whenever I see the information about hepatitis B treatment that she thinks is "reliable", I want to give my son a try. Results Repeated treatment, the worse the treatment, transaminase rose to more than 700, jaundice appeared, and blisters appeared all over the body. After examination, it was said that it was drug poisoning and had drug-induced hepatitis. After living for more than two months, my son spent tens of thousands of dollars to save his life. Since then, my son's liver function has never been normal, and he has changed from a carrier to chronic hepatitis.

In fact, there are1.200 million-1.300 million people infected with hepatitis B virus in China (the article was published in, and the data cited are the previous data). But most infected people, like Aunt Zhao, have no clinical symptoms and can live a healthy life. In addition, at present, human beings have not developed drugs that can completely eliminate hepatitis B virus, and only a few drugs that can inhibit the virus can be used to treat chronic hepatitis with active hepatitis B virus and abnormal liver function, but the curative effect is poor for patients with normal liver function. Therefore, at present, experts at home and abroad believe that hepatitis B carriers should regularly check and monitor hepatitis B virus and liver function indicators, and then treat them after finding the treatment opportunity, instead of blindly using drugs. You can't follow the medicine. Each drug has certain indications. Do a lot of tests before taking the medicine, and consider whether it is suitable to apply this treatment according to the test results. In the course of treatment, regular examination is necessary. Observe the curative effect and determine the course of treatment. Watching taking medicine can not only cure the disease, but also cause serious adverse reactions, and even break the original peace with hepatitis B virus in the body and become chronic hepatitis. (False and Misjudged Cases of Hepatitis B Virus Cai Medical Health-Chief Physician Cai Ditan, No.3, 2006)

This column shows:

1, asymptomatic HBV carriers can live a healthy life. Since they can live a healthy life, why should they take medicine? After all, it is a three-point poison.

2. Even with medication, the curative effect is poor. Because each drug has certain indications.

As Dr. Cai said, at present, human beings have not developed drugs that can completely eliminate hepatitis B virus. Only a few drugs that can inhibit the virus can be used to treat chronic hepatitis with active hepatitis B virus and abnormal liver function, but the curative effect is poor for patients with normal liver function.

Xie Wen, director and chief physician of Ditan Hepatitis B Department II, wrote in Family Medicine, Do "healthy" hepatitis B carriers need treatment? The article "points out:

Interferon (abbreviated as IFN) is a drug applied to patients with hepatitis, which can inhibit the virus, and IFN-ι is the most effective antiviral drug for treating hepatitis B virus infection. However, the indication is that serum alanine aminotransferase rises to 2- 10 times of the normal upper limit. Therefore, the curative effect on asymptomatic hepatitis B virus carriers is not as good as that of hepatitis.

Hepatitis patients who can't tolerate interferon treatment and have high virus level can be treated with nucleoside analogues such as lamivudine. However, high transaminase (ALT) and low virus are the signs of good efficacy of lamivudine. Therefore, the efficacy of lamivudine in treating asymptomatic HBV carriers is worse than that of chronic hepatitis.

It is precisely because people lack common sense of hepatitis B and are eager to treat diseases, so fake hepatitis B often has an opportunity. Yang Jiong, executive deputy director and deputy chief physician of Guangdong Lingnan Institute of Hepatology, wrote in the medical field (1 1) that understanding hepatitis B is more important than seeking medical treatment (the content of the article is in italics):

Popularize medical knowledge and make fake hepatitis B a street rat.

All the statements that "big and small three yang" can turn yin are false.

Driven by economic interests, especially some hepatitis B, although the relevant state departments explicitly prohibit it, it still exists. The fundamental reason for the false existence of hepatitis B is people's ignorance of hepatitis B. Ignorance leads to fear and fear discrimination. On the one hand, people diligently seek the so-called treatment of turning negative, and spend countless hard-earned money without changing the size of the three yang; On the other hand, regular colleges and universities are busy with routine work all day, but they have no time to popularize the knowledge of hepatitis B prevention and treatment, and some even disdain to do these "mother-in-law" things. This gives the roving doctor an opportunity to engage in business and make a fortune peacefully. Understanding hepatitis B is more important than seeing a doctor. Yang Jiong medical world-1 1.

There is no specific medicine for treating hepatitis B.

It is false to point out that all "big and small three yang" can turn negative. All the propaganda that hepatitis B can be completely cured from "secret recipe from family" to "gene therapy" and from "folk prescription" to "specific medicine" is false. It is a worldwide problem to know that among the 6.5 billion people in the world, about 300 million people are infected with hepatitis B virus. If there is really a drug that can completely cure hepatitis B, it will be a great contribution to the world. Then China can achieve the breakthrough of the Jobert Prize.

Fourth, what hepatitis B virus carriers need most is psychological counseling.

Hepatitis B virus carriers do not need medical treatment. The most important thing for hepatitis B virus carriers, including those with normal liver function, is psychological counseling to eliminate the fear of hepatitis B. I talked so much in the previous part of the article, just to achieve the purpose of eliminating fear. Because nearly 90% of hepatitis B virus carriers are asymptomatic before they are found to be infected with hepatitis B virus, they can live a happy life. Once they are found to be infected with hepatitis B virus, they will be at a loss, nervous, and gradually appear burnout, anorexia, liver discomfort or dreamy insomnia; Anxiety about liver cirrhosis and liver cancer; Worried about infecting family members and relatives and friends, thus hindering normal life, work and study; Some young people are afraid of getting married, and many women are afraid of getting pregnant.

First of all, let's talk about the anxiety of hepatitis B virus carriers about liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. The probability of hepatitis B virus carriers developing cirrhosis and liver cancer is very low. In addition, people who are not infected with hepatitis B virus may develop cirrhosis and liver cancer. The pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer is very complicated, and it has not been fully understood in medicine at present. The anxiety of hepatitis B virus carriers about liver cirrhosis and liver cancer is understandable. Therefore, it is understandable that hepatitis B virus carriers feel anxious about the occurrence of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer in a short time. With the knowledge of hepatitis B virus, they should gradually eliminate this kind of worry and anxiety, and maintain a healthy and positive attitude and healthy living habits. HBV carriers are advised not to smoke and drink. It should be suitable for everyone not to smoke or drink.

At the same time, we should also popularize the knowledge of hepatitis B, especially the transmission route of hepatitis B virus and how to prevent it, so that ordinary people, including those who are not carriers of hepatitis B virus, can understand hepatitis B and eliminate their fear of hepatitis B virus (mainly fear of being infected with hepatitis B virus). Let non-HBV carriers and HBV carriers live in harmony and health.

Transmission route and prevention of hepatitis B virus;

(1), mother-to-child transmission, accounting for 45%; Mother-to-child transmission is mainly intrauterine infection, intrapartum and postpartum transmission (postpartum transmission is mainly breastfeeding). It is precisely for this reason, and in 2006, China began to vaccinate China people, especially newborns, so the vast majority of people infected with hepatitis B virus in China were infected with hepatitis B virus in infancy. Now mother-to-child transmission can be prevented by mother-to-child blocking technology (that is, infants are vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine and injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth). In addition, hepatitis B virus can be transmitted from father to baby with low probability, and mother-to-child blocking technology can also block the transmission of father and baby. There are specific columns at the end of the article.

(2) Blood transmission, including the transmission of hepatitis B virus through blood transfusion and injection. Enter the body of people who have no resistance to hepatitis B virus; Please don't share dental appliances such as razors and toothbrushes. There should be no public toothbrush in life, but pay special attention to razors. Many men have the habit of sharing razors. In addition, we should also pay attention to regular dentists, tattooing and ear piercing institutions to receive services, because regular institutions have better disinfection measures.

The most effective way to prevent and treat hepatitis B is to inject hepatitis B vaccine into people who are not infected with hepatitis B virus. Especially those families of hepatitis B virus carriers. And the price of hepatitis B vaccine is not expensive. Hepatitis B vaccine was started, and another shot was given after 1 month, and another shot was given after 6 months, a total of 3 shots. The total cost of 3 stitches is about RMB.

China's "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B" clearly pointed out that general life or work contact, such as shaking hands, hugging and other non-blood contact, generally will not be infected with hepatitis B virus. Moreover, hepatitis B virus is transmitted by blood-sucking insects (mosquitoes, bedbugs, etc.). ) has not been confirmed.

According to the statistical results of the article Investigation on the Transmission Route of Hepatitis B Virus in Sungang, surabaya county, Shandong Province published by Ji Guanghou in Today's World Medicine 10, 89 couples with HBsAg positive before marriage have kept close contact for years to decades. HBsAg positive people and their spouses have been negative for at least 1- 12 years (that is, they have no resistance to HBV), but 78 couples (89.6%) are still HBsAg positive, so the HBV transmission rate between husband and wife is only 12.4%. This shows that close life contact (close life contact between husband and wife) is not very likely to spread hepatitis B virus.

In Du Yin's Self-protection, No.9, Fear is caused by prejudice: Can HBV carriers work and fall in love normally? Professor Qu Yao, director of Shanghai Liver Disease Research Center and president of Changzheng Hospital affiliated to China Second Military Medical University, said that HBV carriers can work, fall in love and study like ordinary people. In the life of husband and wife, using condoms can completely avoid the infection of hepatitis B virus. There is no special requirement for dining. Of course, on the whole, the separate meal system is more in line with the hygiene requirements, but it is not mandatory.

Similarly, He Jingping, vice president of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, published Family Medicine (1 1). Will living with hepatitis B virus carriers be infected? The article points out that if someone in the family suffers from hepatitis B or hepatitis B virus carriers and eats with colleagues of hepatitis B virus carriers, they will not be infected with hepatitis B virus, so there is no need to worry or be nervous.

After understanding the transmission route of hepatitis B virus, people who are not infected with hepatitis B virus will no longer be afraid of hepatitis B virus and will not be afraid of being infected when living and working with hepatitis B virus carriers.

Of course, the best way to prevent hepatitis B virus infection is to inoculate hepatitis B vaccine.

Ren Yuling, a member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, pointed out in the third issue of Scientific Decision-making that there are more than 654.38 billion people infected with hepatitis B virus in China, including about 1 10,000 people with hepatitis. The other is hepatitis B virus carriers who have never suffered from hepatitis. There are no fewer than 65438+ billion people in this body (note: because the author's article was published in 2000, the data before 2000 were quoted, and now these data have changed a little). Although they don't have the burden of treatment costs, they are indeed facing the severe challenge of social discrimination. Although there are laws and regulations prohibiting discrimination, many people are inevitably prejudiced against HBV carriers due to their lack of knowledge about HBV. The survey shows that 37.5% people are unwilling to work and eat with HBV carriers at the same time, and 55.36% people are unwilling to organize families with HBV carriers. Moreover, because of the proliferation of falsehood and exaggerated propaganda, it leads to audio-visual confusion and misleading understanding, and also leads to discrimination and physical and mental disability of hepatitis B virus carriers. Therefore, this "hepatitis B patient", who accounts for110 of the population, feels lonely, embarrassed, anxious, desperate and abandoned because of being discriminated against, being indifferent, being far away and having no money for treatment. This has caused many tragedies and social instability. For example:

Pan Xiaoben (Institute of Hepatology, University) and Duan Lian (University Personnel Section) wrote in the article "Medicine and Philosophy: Humanities and Social Medicine Edition"-12 "Suggestions on reforming the physical examination system before work and ensuring equal employment rights"

On April 3, 2008, Zhou Chaochao, a fresh graduate of Zhejiang University, was found to be a "little three yang" and failed to be admitted to the civil service. In a rage, he raised a knife and stabbed the staff of the local personnel bureau, causing a tragedy of one death and one serious injury. A year later, he himself was sentenced to death. In the same year, Zhang, a young man from Wuhu, Anhui Province, ranked first in the written interview when he applied for local civil servants, but was rejected by the local personnel department because of hepatitis B carriers. Zhang sued the local personnel department. This case was called "the first case of hepatitis B discrimination in China", which was widely reported by the media and even spread overseas. The above examples all happened when recruiting national civil servants.

Therefore, we should popularize the knowledge of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B to the whole society and eliminate people's fear of hepatitis B.

May 19 this year is the first World Hepatitis Day, and it is also the first day of mourning in China (19, 20, 2 13 is the national mourning day)-mourning for the victims of the 5. 12 Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan. World Hepatitis Day was established because at present, 65,438+0 out of every 65,438+02 people in the world are infected with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus. The World Hepatitis Alliance launched a project in many countries and regions around the world called "I am 65,438+02 (am I the number 65,438+02? ) aims to appeal to more people to raise awareness of prevention and take action to prevent hepatitis.

19 On the afternoon of May 5, 2009, the launching ceremony of World Hepatitis Day and * * anti-hepatitis mass disease publicity sponsored by China Hepatitis Foundation was grandly launched at the foot of Juyongguan, Badaling Great Wall. In this activity, Mr. Andy Lau, a famous artist who has been an ambassador for publicity and education on hepatitis B prevention and treatment for two consecutive years, also said that he will continue to exert his influence in the public and shoulder the social responsibility of fighting hepatitis.

On August 30th, 2008, Andy Lau appeared at the scene of publicity and education activities on hepatitis prevention and treatment, as the ambassador of hepatitis prevention and treatment. Andy Lau, who has always been keen on public welfare, really set an example this time. At the event, Andy Lau admitted that he was a carrier of hepatitis B virus. He also said that his hepatitis B virus will not affect his normal work and life, and I hope that everyone will not be afraid of hepatitis B virus carriers. Andy Lau also sang the theme of her lyrics "Dear Baby" at the event.

When asked by a reporter whether people are worried about being infected by contact with HBV carriers, Andy Lau said: "Hepatitis B can only be infected through contact with blood and body fluids, not through physical contact such as shaking hands. In fact, eating together and kissing politely are not contagious. Don't discriminate against hepatitis B patients. " Since then, Andy Lau has been exposed as a carrier of hepatitis B virus since childhood. Although he has always been in good health, he usually goes for a physical examination every three months or six months.

The image of Andy Lau Sunshine is the most suitable ambassador for hepatitis B prevention and treatment.

Suggestion of verb (abbreviation of verb) to HBV operators

1. At present, experts at home and abroad believe that hepatitis B virus carriers should check regularly to monitor various indicators of hepatitis B virus and liver function, generally once every six months.

2, to maintain good living habits, the most important thing is not to smoke and drink, drinking will increase the burden on the liver.

3. Keep a happy mood and be less angry. In fact, keeping a happy mood is what everyone should do, not just hepatitis B virus carriers.

Six, hepatitis B virus carriers can study, live and work normally.

Love normally, get married and have a healthy child.

Mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus accounts for 45%, which means that most hepatitis B virus carriers have been infected with hepatitis B virus in infancy. They can still study, live and work normally, fall in love, get married and give birth to healthy children.

If both men and women are carriers of hepatitis B virus, there is no need to prevent infection. If one of the men and women is a carrier of hepatitis B virus, then the other party can prevent hepatitis B virus infection as long as it is vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine. Note that it takes six months to get the hepatitis B vaccine, because it takes one shot at first, one shot after 1 month, and one shot after 6 months, making a total of three shots.

Women with hepatitis B virus can give birth to healthy children.

Here are two articles that show that a woman can give birth to a healthy child for a hepatitis B virus carrier (the articles may be a little professional, so you just need to understand that a hepatitis B virus carrier can give birth to a healthy child).

Zhou and Li Jiaxin of Changji Radioimmunity Center in Xinjiang pointed out in the article "Discussion and Prevention of Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus from Mother to Child" in Labeled Immunity and Clinic, No.2, 2006.

Blocking the vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus from mother to child is the key to control the epidemic situation of hepatitis B, which is of great significance to ensure the health of the next generation. The blocking methods are as follows: ① The infants born to ①HBsAg negative pregnant women were vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine l0ug for 0, 1 and 6 months respectively; ② Infants born to ②HBsAg positive pregnant women were vaccinated with 20ug hepatitis B vaccine at 0,/kloc-0 and 6 months respectively; ③ Infants born to ③HBsAg and HBeAg positive pregnant women were injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin l00ug within 6 hours and 1 month respectively, and then vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine at the 2nd, 3rd and 6th months; ④ From the 20th week of pregnancy, ④HBsAg positive pregnant women insist on intramuscular injection of 1 hepatitis B immunoglobulin every month. In addition, in the process of delivery, postpartum feeding and nursing, we should pay attention to avoid damaging the baby's mouth, pharynx, trachea, esophagus and gastric mucosa, so as to avoid the hepatitis B virus in secretions, blood and breast milk entering the blood circulation through blood vessels and causing baby infection. Using the above four methods to block the mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B can control the epidemic of hepatitis B.

In the article "Practical Obstetrics and Gynecology in China", No.7 "Study on the Possible Ways of Mother-to-child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus", the Obstetrics Forest in Zaozhou City Center of Guangdong Province pointed out

The following measures are helpful to prevent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B: ① Pregnant women with HB-DNA positive in breast milk should avoid breastfeeding. ② Pregnant women infected with hepatitis B should avoid transmitting it to their babies through saliva. ③ The use of hepatitis B vaccine, the effect of hepatitis B vaccine in preventing hepatitis B has been confirmed, and different methods have different effects. For newborns with HBsAg and HBeAg positive maternal blood, injecting hepatitis B high-efficiency immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine immediately after birth can improve the protection rate of hepatitis B infection to over 92%. The protection rate can be further improved to 97% if hepatitis B highly effective immunoglobulin is injected after the baby is born 1 month. Therefore, for newborns with HBsAg and HBeAg positive, hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin should be used together to block them. For newborns whose maternal blood is HBsAg positive but BeAg negative, routine vaccination can achieve better results.

These studies show that women with hepatitis B virus can have healthy children. Here, the advice for women who are carriers of hepatitis B virus is to find a professional when they are pregnant, and clearly tell the doctor that they are carriers of hepatitis B virus when they are pregnant, so that the doctor can take corresponding measures to block the mother and baby.

Hepatitis B virus carriers can work normally.

China's "Viral Hepatitis Prevention and Control Program" stipulates that hepatitis B surface antigen carriers can work and study as usual except that they can't donate blood and have direct contact with imported food and conservation work. With the continuous improvement of China's legal system, the legal rights of hepatitis B virus carriers will be better protected. With the popularization of knowledge about prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus, ordinary people in society will have a deeper understanding of hepatitis B virus.

Seven. Future prospects

After the implementation of hepatitis B vaccination in Japan in, the carrier rate of hepatitis B virus dropped from 10% ~ 13% to 0.8% ~ 1.3%. After China people, especially newborns, were vaccinated in 2006, the carrier rate of hepatitis B virus has gradually decreased. For example, on the morning of April 2 1, 2008, the results of the national seroepidemiological survey on hepatitis B and other related diseases were released. The survey shows that the carrier rate of hepatitis B surface antigen in China has dropped from 9.75% in to 7. 18%, which is 26.36% lower than that in, and the younger the age, the greater the decline. 1 ~ 4 years old population has the lowest HBsAg carrying rate, which is 0.96%, and 15 ~ 59 years old population has the highest HBsAg carrying rate, which is 8.57%. It is estimated that there are still about 1 10,000 HBV carriers in China. It is predicted that through the unremitting efforts of two or three generations, the hepatitis B virus carrying rate will be reduced from the current 10% to below 1%, reaching or lower than the level of Japan and western developed countries, and finally the heavy label of "a big country of hepatitis B" will be removed.

I wish our motherland stronger and our life better!

Let's work together to create a better tomorrow!