On Zhuge Liang in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

First of all, I declare: I didn't paste it unnecessarily, nor did I copy it! You will be very satisfied after reading the following.

Cultivate Nanyang

In the second year of Jian 'an (AD 197), Zhuge Xuan died of illness. Zhuge Liang and his younger brother are farming in Longzhong, Nanyang. The songs that Liang often reads often compare himself with Guan Zhong and Guan Zhong. People didn't agree with him at that time. Only friends Xu Shu, Cui, Shi Tao believe in his talent. Known as "Wolong". Make friends with Jingzhou celebrities such as Pang Degong and Huang. Huang once said to Zhuge Liang: "Wen Jun chooses his wife; Ugly girls with yellow heads and blackheads, but they are all worth matching. I heard that you want to choose a wife. There is an ugly girl in my family with yellow hair and dark skin, but her talent can rival yours. ) "Zhuge Liang agreed to this marriage and immediately married her. At that time, people played it as a joke, and there was even a proverb in the village: "Don't choose a wife for Kong Ming, you will get an ugly girl."

Longzhongdui

At that time, Liu Bei was attached to Liu Biao and stationed in Xinye. Later, when I went to Si Mahui, I heard him say, "Do Confucian scholars and laymen know current events? People who know the times care about Jie Jun. There are Long Fu and Feng Chu. Those Confucian scholars are all people with shallow knowledge. How can they know the current situation? A hero is one who can understand current events and situations. At this time only Long Fu (Zhuge Liang) and Feng Chu (Pang Tong). Later, he was recommended by Xu Shu and wanted to be introduced by Xu Shu, but Xu Shu said: "This person can meet, but he can't compromise. "The general should be white. This person can go to see him, but he can't condescend to it. The general should condescend to visit each other. )"

Liu Bei personally visited Zhuge Liang and met Zhuge Liang three times (he said he met Zhuge Liang all three times). Liu Bei told others to avoid him and asked Zhuge Liang, "The Han Dynasty is dead, the traitor stole his life, and the Lord was covered with dust." Loneliness, I want to believe that righteousness is above the world, and my wisdom is short-lived, so I use it wildly. As for today. However, the ambition is still not over. Do you think the plan will be safe? Now that the Han Dynasty is in decline, treacherous court officials are holding the emperor to make the princes and emperors lose power. I didn't measure my virtue and ability, and wanted to save the world with righteousness, but my wisdom and strategy were short-lived and insufficient, so I often failed today. But my ambition has not yet come true. Do you have any strategies to help me? ) "Liang replied:" Since Dong Zhuo came, there have been heroes, and countless people have crossed the state and even joined the county. Compared with Yuan Shao, Cao Cao has a small name and few people. However, Cao defeated Shao and took the weak as the strong, which was not only in the right place at the right time, but also in harmony with people. Today, millions of Cao Cao are vassals with the emperor. This sincerity is indisputable. According to Sun Quan, he has lived in Jiangdong for three generations. He can use it. It can be used for aid, but not for profit. Jingzhou is bordered by Han and Mian in the north, benefiting from the South China Sea, Wu Hui in the east and Bashu in the west. This is a country that uses force, but its owner can't stay. This is almost heaven, so it is a general. Does the general care? Yizhou is a dangerous place, fertile land is thousands of miles away, and the land of abundance makes Gaozu emperor. Liu Zhang is weak, Zhang Lu is in the north, the people are rich but don't know how to keep shirts, and the wise think of the wise. The general is both the emperor's palace and loyal to the four seas. He is a hero, eager for wisdom. If there are advantages and interests, he will protect his rock resistance, he will be brave in the west and brave in the south, and he will do a good job in foreign relations and domestic politics with Sun Quan. If the world changes, a general will be ordered to lead Jingzhou troops to Wan and Luo, and the general will lead Yizhou people out of Qinchuan. Who dares to meet the general without eating kettle pulp? If this is the case, hegemony will be realized and the Han family will prosper. " (Zhuge Liang then told him the plan of three-point world, and analyzed the situation that Cao Cao was not desirable and Sun Quan could help; It also expounds that Jing and Yi monarchies are weak, and only by owning these two States can they win, indicating the necessity and possibility of capturing these two States. He also told Liu Bei the strategy of attacking the Central Plains. This theory was later called Longzhong Dui (Longzhong Dui is still controversial, it is said that Cao Lu Dui), and Liu Bei was even more full of praise after listening to it, so Zhuge Liang began to serve Liu Bei). Liu Bei often talks with him, and the relationship is getting closer and closer. Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others were greatly displeased. Liu Bei explained to them: "There is Kong Ming in solitude and water in fish. May you say nothing more. I have Kong Ming, just like fish has water. I wish you would stop talking about it. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei stopped complaining.

Make a statement about crossing the river.

At that time, Liu Biao's son Liu Qi became increasingly dissatisfied with Liu Qi because of his stepmother's influence. Liu Qi attached great importance to Zhuge Liang, so he asked Zhuge Liang for self-defense several times. However, Zhuge Liang often refused, and Liu Qi used the method of taking the ladder from home at a banquet to let Zhuge Liang tell the solution. Zhuge Liang asked Liu Qi, "Don't you see that Shen Sheng is in danger and Zhong Er is safe outside?" Shen Sheng has not been seen in the Spring and Autumn Period, and it is at stake. Can Zhong Er be safe outside? ) "Liu Qi knew what he meant, but Huang Zu was killed by Sun Jun, and Liu Qi was recommended as Jiangxia Prefecture.

In August 2008, Liu Biao died of illness and his second son, Liu Cong, succeeded to the throne. Hearing the news that Cao Cao was going south, he sent messengers to surrender. After learning the news of Fancheng, Liu Bei led the army and civilians to flee to the south. Cao Jun chased Liu Jun in Changsaka, Dangyang, and Xu Shu's mother was captured by Cao Cao's army. Xu Shu had to surrender to Cao Cao. Before Liu Bei arrived at Xiakou, Sun Quan sent Lu Su to observe the situation and suggested to Liu Bei to ask Sun Quan for help. Zhuge Liang recommended himself to Chai Sang and made friends with Lu Su. When he arrived in Chaisang, Zhuge Liang met Sun Quan, and first gave Sun Quan two choices by dichotomy: "If you can compete with Wu Yue people for the world, it is better to break up with them as soon as possible (if you can compete with Wu Yue people for the country of the Central Plains, it is better to break up with Cao Cao as soon as possible)", and the other choice is to provoke him "If not, why not put the case in the north and let it go! If you think you can't resist, why don't you stop military action and surrender to the north! " "North" has a double meaning here: first, Cao Cao was in the north, and second, officials usually face the north when the monarch and the minister meet. )"

Sun Quan asked Zhuge Liang why Liu Bei didn't surrender. Zhuge Liang raised Liu Bei's social status, saying that Liu Bei had backbone and would never surrender to show Sun Bei's determination. Sun Quan was furious and vowed not to surrender to Cao Cao, but he was worried about how many troops Liu Bei had left to fight. Zhuge Liang finally analyzed the situation of the two armies. First, he said that there were 10,000 soldiers in the army and Guan Yu's water army, plus more than 10,000 soldiers in Jiangxia, Liu Qifan. Let's talk about Cao Jun's tiredness from afar. He chased Liu Beishi and rode a light bicycle for more than 300 miles a day and night. It is precisely "a spent force, it is impossible to wear Lu Tao"; Moreover, northerners do not learn water warfare, and Jingzhou people are forced to obey Cao Cao, unconvinced; Finally, Cao's defeat is certain. Sun Quan was very happy, and then he was lobbied by Lu Su and Zhou Yu and decided to unite with Cao. Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu and Lu Su were sent to lead 30,000 water troops to fight against Cao Cao. Zhuge Liang returned to Liu Bei with his army. 165438+ In October, Cao Cao defeated Chibi and returned to the north.

Adequate food, weapons and equipment

After Battle of Red Cliffs, in 65438+ February, Liu Bei pacified the four counties in Jingnan, appointed Zhuge Liang as a military commander, lived in Lin Xuan, and ordered Lingling, Guiyang and Changsha counties to adjust taxes to enrich military assets. 2 1 1 year, Yizhou Pastoral Liu Zhang asked Liu Bei to assist Zhang Lu. Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others guarded Jingzhou. In 65438+ February, Liu Bei broke with Liu Zhang and attacked Chengdu. Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun and others went to Shu to help out, leaving Guan Yu in charge of Jingzhou's defense, dividing troops to pacify counties and counties, and forming a capital with Liu Bei. By 2 14, Liu Zhang surrendered and Liu Bei entered Yizhou.

Zhuge Liang received 500 Jin of gold, 50 million yuan of silver 1000 Jin, and 0/000 pieces of brocade/kloc-0, and was appointed as a strategist and general, in charge of the general's office. Every time Liu Bei sent troops to attack, Zhuge Liang was responsible for guarding Chengdu and providing Liu Bei with adequate food and clothing. For example, in the battle of Hanzhong, he provided resources for Liu Bei, who suffered repeated defeats. In 220, Cao Pi usurped Han independence. In 22 1 year, ministers heard the news that Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty was killed, and advised Liu Bei, who had become the king of Hanzhong, to declare himself emperor. Liu Bei refused, and Zhuge Liang persuaded Liu Bei with the story of Geng Chun lobbying Liu Xiu to be emperor. So Liu Beicai agreed to let Zhuge Liang remember the history of the prime minister and have a holiday. In the same year, Zhang Fei died and Zhuge Liang became a captain.

northern expedition

In March, the fifth year of Zhuge Liang's founding (AD 227), Zhuge Liang took the model to his ancestors and led his army to Hanzhong to prepare for the Northern Expedition. He first trained in Hanzhong for about a year, and then attacked the north. Wei Nan 'an (Longxi, Gansu), Tianshui and Anding (Jichuan, Gansu) immediately fell to Shu. Wei Mingdi went to Chang 'an to supervise the war, while Cao Zhen supervised the right army, and adopted the strategy of giving priority to defense. At first, the Shu army took Gu Jielu as a threat to capture the county seat, so that Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi led the troops (now northwest of Shaanxi Baocheng) as suspected troops, and Zhuge Liang led the troops to attack Qishan in the west. Ma Su, who joined the army, led an army as a pioneer and was stationed in the street pavilion. Ma Su command error, defeat, lost the street pavilion. The Shu army lost its stronghold and had to return to Hanzhong. Zhuge Liang beheaded Ma Su, wrote to him three times, and became the prime minister as a right general.

In the winter of the sixth year of Jianxing (AD 228), Wei Jun attacked Wu on the third road, and Guanzhong was empty. Zhuge Liang led the army to the Northern Expedition again. The Shu army went through the big three passes this time, besieged Chencang for more than 20 days, and all the food was gone.

In the seventh year of Jianxing (A.D. 229), Zhuge Liang led four northern expeditions. The Shu army marched westward, occupied Weiwudu and Yin Ping counties, and then returned. Zhuge Liang was reinstated as prime minister.

In the 9th year of Jianxing (AD 23 1), Zhuge Liang cut Wei for the fifth time, and used wooden cattle to transport grain around Qishan. Sima Yi was the commander-in-chief and supervisor of the resistance movement. Sima yi knew that the Shu army had come from a long distance and the food logistics was limited, and insisted on taking risks and refusing to fight. Zhuge Liang appointed Li Yan to be responsible for the logistics supply in Hanzhong. Li Yan failed to raise food and grass in time, so he wrote to Zhuge Liang and the emperor ordered his retreat. After Zhuge Liang withdrew his troops, he lied to the court that withdrawing troops was to lure the enemy. After Zhuge Liang came back, he signed the list with many soldiers, impeached Li Yan, saved him as Shu Ren and exiled him to Zitong.

In February of the 12th year of Jianxing (AD 234), Zhuge Liang made the sixth northern expedition and led a large army out of the oblique valley. This time, I made an appointment to attack Wei at the same time. However, Wu Dong has been slow to send troops. Until May, Sun sent Lu Xun to camp in Jiangxia and Miankou (now Hanzhen, Hubei) and attacked Xiangyang, while Sun Quan himself led the army to encircle the new town. In this regard, Wei Mingdi's strategy is to defeat Wu Dong first. He personally led the water army eastward, made Sima Yi, who was guarding the west, insist on not fighting and let the Shu army retreat. However, when Sun Quan learned of Wei Zhu's intention, he thought that his side had become the main battlefield and suffered losses, that is, he ordered all the troops to withdraw. On the western front, Zhuge Liang, in view of the previous experience, divided his troops and settled the field, intending to stay for a long time. In August of this year, Zhuge Liang suddenly fell ill and died at the front, at the age of 54. The Shu army retreated across the board.

Well, is that enough?