Outline 18, Nanjing zhongxingpengyue nursing home.

Today, if you go to these gates of 10 and see traces of historical vicissitudes, how do you feel? There are so many gates in Nanjing that old Nanjing will blurt out the names of thirteen or eighteen gates. We talked about Li 13 before. What about this external reference 18? The outer eighteen refers to the eighteen gates of the Ming Dynasty. So why build a foreign Guo Cheng? What are the names of these eighteen gates in the outer contour city? The moat outside Nanjing has been built in the capital of Ming Empire for more than 20 years, and another supporting moat project to ensure the safety of Nanjing City is also in full swing. If the city walls and palaces are likely to be destroyed by war or fire, can the outer moat be destroyed? Unfortunately, due to various reasons, you can still see the outer moat of Nanjing, the capital of the Ming Dynasty, today, but you really can't see its original panorama. But we can still roughly recognize its original appearance. The moat south of Nanjing, the capital of Daming, used the outer Qinhuai River in the southern Tang Dynasty, and later widened to 120 meters. Now the outer Qinhuai River is still very wide. As for whether there is still 120 meters, leave it to the geological department for inspection. In the southeast of Nanjing in the Ming Dynasty, there were no natural rivers and barriers to use, so Zhu Yuanzhang had to order a trench to be dug artificially from Chaoyangmen to Tongjimen. This trench connects Qinhuai River in the south and Yanque Lake in the north. There is an unburied Yanming Lake River area in Manzhouli direction outside Zhongshan Gate. The moat formed by geographical barriers such as Qianhu, Biwa Lake and Xuanwu Lake in the northeast of the city was formed after treatment, and Hongwu was built in about six years. In the northwest of Nanjing, there is a barrier of the Yangtze River. In this way, the whole city of Nanjing is surrounded by natural or man-made walls. It should be said that the safety factor has been greatly increased. This outer moat in Nanjing and the moat outside the Ming Palace Museum are generally called the inner moat, with a solid wall in the middle. Nanjing city with an iron wall has finally taken shape. This is what Zhu Yuanzhang wanted. Can you imagine Zhu Yuanzhang should be satisfied with such a masterpiece? Niu Shoushan's conviction is ridiculous, but some people think that although Zhu Yuanzhang tried to be perfect and built Nanjing into an iron wall, he still left a big failure: Year. He did not bring Niushou Mountain and Yuhuatai at the entrance of Nanjing South Gate into the urban construction of Nanjing. So why did Zhu Yuanzhang, who was meticulous and demanding perfection, leave such a big defect? Some people in Nanjing explained that when Zhu Yuanzhang was planning the urban construction of Nanjing, he observed the mountains and rivers in Nanjing and saw that almost all the mountains were facing the capital like the stars holding the moon, while the twin peaks of Niushou Mountain, the only mountain in the south of the city, were facing outwards, facing Maanshan, Anhui. Zhu Yuanzhang was furious, thinking that Niu Shoushan climbed inside and outside, and ordered him to punish Niu Shoushan with a stick and hit him a hundred times! It was found guilty. In a rage, he moved out of the mountain and river household registration in Nanjing, and was placed in Taiping House at that time, but was excluded from the urban construction planning of Nanjing! Of course, this is a joke made up by later generations. It is true that it makes sense to put Niushou Mountain and Yuhuatai outside the urban construction of Nanjing. However, judging from the actual situation and conditions of Zhu Yuanzhang at that time, if Niushou Mountain and Yuhuatai were really integrated as a barrier to the south of Nanjing, it might cost more financial and material resources. Let's think about it. At that time, the Ming empire had just been established and its national strength was limited. Especially when the Nanjing City Wall was built, Zhu Yuanzhang repeatedly asked Shen Wansan for sponsorship. Even in official history, it is recorded that Xing Wu made people rich and helped build a third of the capital. Although Zhu Yuanzhang did this with the color of robbing the rich and helping the poor, it is an indisputable fact that the Ming army is still fighting outside and does not have the strength. To take a step back, even from a military point of view, Nanjing Mingdu has been built-Tongjimen, Jubaomen and other castles in the world, with Qinhuai River as a safe moat outside. It is enough to have such a military barrier.

Therefore, it is impossible for Zhu Yuanzhang not to have major omissions in the planning of Nanjing. However, some people don't think so, and even think that the construction of Nanjing is simply to put the Forbidden City in a dangerous target that may be shelled at any time. Who is this man? Zhu Yuanzhang, who built the city wall outside Nanjing in the Ming Dynasty, personally led his children and grandchildren and the ministers around him to appreciate his masterpiece after he established Nanjing as the capital. However, the words of his fourth son Judy caused a serious conflict between him and his military adviser. What? What's going on here? Zhu Yuanzhang gave oranges and Ma Huanghou peaches, but Liu Bowen dared not eat them. He wanted to run for his life. Why is this? Legend has it that Zhu Yuanzhang took his children and grandchildren to the top of Zijinshan Mountain, overlooking Nanjing City. At that time, he was high-spirited and full of ambition. He told his children and grandchildren that I was born in poverty and now I have worked hard for half my life. With this magnificent mountain, what about the construction of this capital? Hearing these words, children, grandchildren and ministers all agreed, and echoed how magnificent and powerful Nanjing was. Zhu Yuanzhang felt extremely comfortable. At this time, Judy, the fourth son of 14 years old, said: Who designed this Nanjing city for you? Liu Liu Bowen, the military strategist? Father, take a closer look. If there is a gun on the Purple Mountain, you can call the Forbidden City! Zhu Yuanzhang's face changed greatly when he heard history. Judy is indeed a crow, but he also exposed the defects in the planning and construction of Nanjing capital. As far as the existing capitals are concerned, there are Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in the east, Jubaoshan in the south and Zhaomu Fushan in the north. So many important commanding heights are planned outside Nanjing, which is extremely unfavorable to the military defense of the capital! Thought of here, Zhu Yuanzhang almost broke out in a cold sweat. As a result, he took overall responsibility for the planning and construction of Nanjing City, resulting in disgust and even resentment. It turns out that this teacher has ulterior motives. After returning to the palace, he immediately ordered the eunuch to send a plate of oranges to Liu Ji. Liu Ji saw it and immediately understood the meaning of the emperor. We usually have skin cramps when we eat oranges. Liu Ji knew that the emperor peeled oranges for him and made him cramp. He is in a hurry. What should I do? Suddenly, it occurred to him, because ministers know that Xiahou _ has always been respectful to the original today, and he may not listen to anyone on weekdays. Only Ma Huanghou's suggestion may be useful. But after asking Ma Huanghou for help, Liu Ji didn't expect Ma Huanghou to say anything, just sent a basket of peaches. How clever Liu is! He immediately understood what Ma Huanghou meant and told me to run away! So Liu Ji fled to Zhenjiang Maoshan overnight as a Taoist priest. How much should we believe in such folklore? Let's analyze the credibility of this story. Legend has it that this happened when Judy 14 was born in 1360. So, it should have happened in 1374. But this story is said to have happened after the completion of Nanjing. We all know that Nanjing City was built after 1386. In this way, the first loophole: the conflict of time appears. Secondly, if according to historical records, Nanjing was built in-1386, then where is Liu Bowen? At this point, Liu Bowen is no longer alive. Lu Hedu recorded the eighth year of Hongwu in April. Sincerity was born in Liu Ji. Then how was he given death 1 1 year after his death? Then why would anyone have such a story? I think there are two reasons: first, beautify Judy. In this story, Judy said that all guns can hit the Forbidden City, which is obviously exaggerating that Judy has more foresight and courage than his father who conquered the world in his teens, as if to show that Judy is a great hero in ancient times. So I think that the reason why there is such a story does not rule out that after Judy became emperor, she found several literati to make up some stories for herself, which can show that he was born a strange man who usurped the throne. Second, make excuses for Judy's black sheep behavior. After Judy usurped the throne, she moved to Beijing, regarded the Ming Palace Museum in Nanjing as a dangerous building, and lost her ancestral business. The Zhujiajian family in Nanjing, a good place, is scattered in his hands.

Isn't this the black sheep? In the traditional American society in China, the failure of future generations is a shameful act, and everyone hates it. Since she lost her family, Judy certainly has to find reasons and excuses to defend herself. In this legend, I just cleverly found an excuse to lose my family: you didn't build the Ming Palace very well! So I don't want it. I want to move to the capital. We deny Judy's statement that he singled out the defects of Nanjing's early urban construction, not that Zhu Yuanzhang was satisfied with the Nanjing he built when he was in office. In fact, as I said before, Zhu Yuanzhang suffered too much in his childhood and adolescence, which led to his strong pursuit of perfection in his adult life. From this point of view, after the completion of Daming Capital, Judy, as insightful as the legendary figure mentioned above, may have pointed out the maze for Zhu Yuanzhang. Perhaps Zhu Yuanzhang himself repeatedly pondered the possible hidden dangers in the capital, so in the twenty-third year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the construction of the Outer Wall City outside Nanjing. The outer city of the city wall is mainly built on the loess hills outside Nanjing. Only use city bricks to open the door where the wall is attached, and the rest are rammed with hills and ridges, commonly known as Tuchengtou. The outer city is called circumference 180 Li, and the actual circumference 120 Li, of which the brick part is about 40 Li, accounting for less than a quarter of the total length of the outer city. Generally, the city is about 8m high and 7m wide, with the earliest doors of 15~ 16. In the 23rd year of Hongwu, * * * set up fifteen gates, including Aromatherapy Gate, Ande Gate, Fengtai Gate, Shuangqiao Gate, Jiagang Gate, Fangmen, Gao Qiao Gate, Zangbo Gate, Qilin Gate, Xianhe Gate, Fangyao Gate, Guanyin Gate, Funing Gate, Shangyuan Gate and Jinchuan Gate. In the twenty-four years of Wu Hong's reign, there were sixteen gates and thousands of families outside the capital, all of which were cast and sealed. In the twenty-eighth year of Hongwu, sixteen outer doors were Qilin Gate, Xianhe Gate, Fangyao Gate, Gao Qiao Gate, Cangbo Gate, Jiagang Gate, Fangmen, Fengtai Gate, Elephant Taming Gate and Elephant Taming Gate, reaching one door, namely Xiao 'anmen Gate, Jiangdong Gate, Funing Gate, Shangyuan Gate and Guanyin Gate. It seems that the 18th Gate of Nanjing Outer Border City first appeared in Ming Yingzong. In September of the fourth year of Orthodox Christianity, the 18 outer cities of Nanjing were ordered to be repaired, so the summer and autumn seasons were soaked by rain for a long time. Even so, it seems that the eighteen gates of Nanjing Waikuo City are not exactly the same as those circulated among Nanjing people in later generations. Because the outer eighteen gates are mainly composed of mounds and high hills, each has its own problems, and with the passage of time and the destruction of war, the outer eighteen gates in Nanjing have disappeared to this day. But they once existed, so which 18 door is there in Nanjing Outer Wall City? Dongliu Gate, namely: Fangyaomen, which is now the place name Huayaomen; Xianmen, whose name is still in use today, is in Xianlin area; Kirin Gate, Cangbo Gate, Gao Qiao Gate and Fangmen are all in use now. South Gate 6: Jiagang Gate, Fengtai Gate, Gate, Xiao 'anmen Gate, Elephant Training Gate and Elephant Training Gate. These place names are still often heard today.