Can you please introduce some world famous books?

"The Red and the Black" [France] Stendhal

The representative work of the French writer Stendhal, the subtitle is "Chronicles of the 1830s". The novel describes the social life in the late reign of Charles X in the 1820s and reveals the intricate social contradictions of the Restoration Dynasty. Repeated avoidance is the basic theme of the work. The protagonist Julien is a typical image of a petty bourgeois individual striver during the French Restoration period. The clue of the novel is Julien's love story with the mayor's wife and the noble lady. Through the world of love, the author not only reveals the corrupt and hypocritical social atmosphere of the upper class, but also reveals Julien's contradictory character of sometimes resisting and sometimes compromising. In the end, Julien was sent to the guillotine, which showed that the Restoration Dynasty could not tolerate a commoner young man. The novel's vivid depiction of real life and the creation of typical characters in typical environments are its most important achievements in art, and they also reveal the psychological activities of the characters.

"War and Peace" [Russian] Leo Tolstoy

This is the first voluminous novel written by Tolstoy. The author connects war and peace, the front line and the rear, domestic and foreign countries, the army and society, the upper class and the lower class. It not only fully reflects the style of the times, but also creates a very broad typical environment for various typical characters. The author's description of the characters is complex and full, and he often uses contrasting artistic methods to express it. The genre is an innovation in the history of Russian literature, and it also surpasses the traditional norms of European novels.

"Anna Karenina" [Russian] Leo Tolstoy

Tolstoy is a great Russian critical realist writer with world reputation. This article It is his masterpiece of novels. The novel uses two plot clues, namely the tragedy of Anna's family and the failure of Levin's agricultural reform. It exposes the hypocrisy and callousness of the urban aristocratic bourgeoisie, and also exposes the irreconcilable class contradiction between landlords and peasants. The novel also reflects the changes in the author's own worldview.

"Wuthering Heights" Emily Bronte

The novel describes the gypsy abandoned child Heathcliff who was adopted by the old owner of the mountain village. He went out to get rich due to humiliation and failed love. The story of the return of landowner Linton and his children to take revenge on his girlfriend Catherine. The whole novel is filled with a strong fighting spirit against oppression and striving for happiness, and is always shrouded in a bizarre and tense romantic atmosphere. At first, it was regarded as a naive fantasy of a young female writer that was divorced from reality. However, combined with the fierce class struggle in the region it describes and the social phenomenon in Britain, it was soon highly recognized by critics and warmly welcomed by readers.

"Notre Dame de Paris" [France] Hugo

"Notre Dame de Paris" (1831) is Hugo's first large-scale romantic novel. It uses bizarre and contrasting techniques to tell a story that took place in France in the 15th century: Claude, the vice-president of Notre Dame de Paris, was sanctimonious and vicious, loving first and then hating, and persecuting the Gypsy girl Esmeralda. The ugly but kind-hearted bell ringer Quasimodo sacrifices his life to save the girl. The novel exposes the hypocrisy of religion, declares the bankruptcy of asceticism, praises the kindness, friendship and self-sacrifice of the lower working people, and reflects Hugo's humanitarian thoughts.

He depicts the Middle Ages and recreates life in fifteenth-century Paris. He is good at combining facts and imagination, narration and description, and arranges devastating endings for the simple and kind-hearted bell ringer and gypsy girl, the evil and cunning priest and the captain. This novel also made Hugo famous.

"The Thorn Birds" Colleen McCullough

The young priest yearned for the power of the Holy See, but he fell in love with the beautiful daughter of the pastor Cleary. Meggie, a young girl, is in a profound conflict between power and love, which triggers a series of touching stories. Centered on the two protagonists, it unfolds the joys and sorrows of each of the more than ten members of the Cleary family; especially since the time span of the novel happens to span World War II, the conflict between the two generations caused by completely different outlooks on life, It's even more eye-catching.

The plot of this novel is tortuous and vivid, the structure is rigorous and exquisite, and the writing is fresh and graceful. When describing the wild and vast Australian scenery, there is quite a desolate and tragic beauty, and as a female writer. The exploration of women's love mentality is very delicate and touching, so this book is known as Australia's "Gone with the Wind".

After this book was published in the United States in 1977, it has printed more than 8 million copies. It was listed by Time magazine together with works such as "The Godfather", "Love Story", "The Rich and the Poor", and "Humboldt's Gift". One of the top ten modern classics.

"Gone with the Wind" Margaret Mitchell

The charming, charming and legendary woman Scarlett Hao faced misfortune and lived a strong life during the American Civil War. From the charming lady of the manor whom everyone admires to the self-reliant businesswoman. Although she loved one person persistently, she married three times, but still could not get the love she dreamed of. When she was confused, she found the love of her life, and the love left her again...

"Under the Gallows" Report" Vucic

Czech writer and literary critic. Born into a working-class family, he was inspired by the Russian October Revolution and devoted himself to revolutionary activities. He joined the Communist Party of the former Czechoslovakia at the age of 18 and served as the editor of the party journals "Creation" and "Red Rights". He was arrested in 1942 and killed by Hitler's gangsters on September 8, 1943. He wrote many essays praising the socialist construction of the former Soviet Union, reports on the miners' struggle, and Marxist literary criticism papers. The most famous is the long feature "Report from the Gallows" (1945) written in prison. It exposes the brutal persecution of revolutionaries by fascist gangsters, and describes the perseverance and unity struggle of the prisoners in prison. When he was about to be sent to the gallows, the author still boldly declared: "We are born for joy, and we live for joy. Die?" His last words, "People, I love you!" have become the motto of revolutionaries. The work expresses the fearless heroic spirit of the proletarian revolutionaries and has shocking artistic power. After its publication, it has been translated into more than 80 languages, including Chinese.

"Uncle Tom's Cabin", also translated as "The Story of a Black Slave" and "Uncle Tom's Cabin", was written by the American female writer Mrs. Beecher Stowe (1811-1896).

Critics believe that this book played a major role in inspiring public anti-slavery sentiment, and is regarded as one of the causes of the American Civil War. When President Lincoln later met with Mrs. Stowe, he jokingly called her "a little woman who wrote a book that caused a great war." This joke fully reflected the magnitude of the novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin" Influence.

The story begins with a bargain between a slave owner and a slave trader.

Shelby, a slave owner in Kentucky, USA, failed in his speculation in the stock market and decided to sell two slaves in order to pay off his debt. One is Tom, who was born on the Shelby plantation. When he was a child, he served his master's little family power and was quite popular with his master. When he became an adult, he became the master of the slaves. He was loyal and dedicated to safeguarding his master's interests. Another slave to be sold is Harry, the son of the mulatto female slave Eliza. Eliza is not a slave who obeys her master's orders wholeheartedly. When she accidentally hears that her master wants to sell Tom and her son Harry After his death, he and his son jumped off the ice-covered Ohio River overnight while being chased by slave traders, and fled to a free state, and then to Canada. Her husband, George Harris, was a slave on a nearby plantation. He also took the opportunity to escape, joined his wife, and took their children with them. After going through hardships and dangers, he finally successfully arrived in Canada with the help of abolitionist organizations.

Tom had a different experience. He knew and supported Eliza's escape, but he did not escape himself. Since he was instilled in him by his slave owner Christian teachings such as fearing God, being submissive, and being loyal to his master since he was a child, he had no complaints when his master wanted to sell him to pay off debts, and he was willing to obey his master's mercy. He was resold to New Orleans and became a slave to slave trader Haley. In a drowning accident, Tom saved the life of a slave owner's little daughter Eva. The child's father, St. Clay, bought Tom from Haley. He became a domestic servant and drove the carriage for his master's family. Tom develops a bond with the little girl. Soon the little girl suddenly died of illness. St. Clair decided to liberate Tom and other black slaves based on the little daughter's lifetime wish. However, before there was time to complete the legal procedures for emancipation, Saint Clair was killed in an accident. St. Clair's wife did not free Tom and other slaves, but sent them to the slave auction market. From then on, Tom fell into the hands of Legley, an extremely cruel slave owner of the "Red River" plantation. Legley treated black slaves as "talking animals", whipped them arbitrarily, and lynched them indiscriminately.

Tom endured this inhuman torture, but still did not think of finding a way out for himself, but silently pursued the principle of being an upright man. Two female slaves in this plantation decided to escape and hide in order to survive. Legley suspected that Tom had helped them escape, so he tied Tom up and whipped him until his skin and flesh were torn to pieces. But Tom finally showed his rebellion against the slave masters by saying nothing. When Tom was dying, his past master, George Shelby, son of the slave owner Shelby who sold him for the first time, came to redeem Tom because Tom was little Shelby's childhood servant and playmate. But Tom could no longer accept the belated help from his former little master, and passed away with bruises all over his body. George Shelby knocked Legley to the ground with a vicious blow.

Tom was buried on the spot. After returning to his hometown of Kentucky, little Shelby liberated all the black slaves in his name in the name of Uncle Tom and said to them: "Every time you see Uncle Tom's cabin, you should be reminded of your freedom."

"Uncle Tom's Cabin" not only describes black slaves with different performances and personalities, but also describes different types of slave owners' faces. It focuses on portraying the submissive black slave Tom who accepts the Christian spirit instilled by the slave owner; it also portrays the rebellious black slaves who are not willing to let the slave owner decide their life and death, such as Eliza and her husband George Harris. . At the same time, it also reveals that the inner world of various types of slave owners is not exactly the same as the performance of slave owners. Through the description of two black slaves with different personalities, Tom and George Harris, this book tells readers that Tom, who was submissive and obeyed the slave master, could not escape the fate of death, while the Georges, who dared to resist and fight, were reborn. . Therefore, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" played a positive role in social development, especially in the American abolition movement and the victory of the righteous side represented by Lincoln in the American Civil War. As a literary work, the famous American poet Henry Longfellow said it is "the greatest victory in the history of literature."

"Petro Goriot" [France] Balzac

Balzac's creation is the pinnacle of French realism in the nineteenth century. His novels are divided into three categories: custom studies, Philosophical research and analytical research, this article is an early masterpiece. It describes private life. It tells about the protagonist who started his life by buying and selling food, raised his daughter but was abandoned by her daughter, and died in pain. It reflects the law of money dominating everything in capitalist society.

"Uncle Bangs" [France] Balzac

This novel creates the image of a loan shark miser, which sums up the most disgusting aspects of private psychology. Features. The protagonist was once a passionate and ambitious person, but after many vicissitudes of life, he concluded a shameless creed: money is everything. The corrosive effect of money reduces its own masters to slavery.

"Disillusionment" [France] Balzac

Money not only destroys the most beautiful emotions of mankind, but also corrodes the innocent souls of young people. Through this novel, Balzac expresses wealth. How talents are destroyed in class society, and how literature and art become the objects of shameless transactions. Balzac returned to the theme of the fate of young people seeking fame in Paris and created a typical image.

"The Man Who Laughs" [France] Hugo

"The Man Who Laughs" is another romantic masterpiece by Hugo. The protagonist of the novel, Gwynplaine, is a descendant of a knight. He was sold to child traffickers since he was a child and became a victim of palace conspiracy. After he fell into the hands of child traffickers, he was forced to undergo disfigurement surgery, so his face always looked like he was smiling strangely. Later, he was adopted by a kind-hearted wanderer in Sussus. From then on, he followed Yusus to perform everywhere. Before meeting Yusus, Gwen Pulan also rescued the blind girl Di on the snow. Several of them wandered around the world, suffering from poverty and misfortune, but they did not succumb to the environment. They were full of sincere feelings for each other. In the wandering life, love gradually developed between Gwen Pulan and the blind girl Di. Later, Gwynplaine had the opportunity to regain the title of knight, but he hated the aristocratic life. After the parliament denounced the crimes of the nobility, he returned to his companions. At this time, Di was already dying of illness and finally passed away. Gwen Pulan was so sad that she committed suicide by throwing herself into the sea. Gwen Puland's face is ugly, but his heart is extremely beautiful.

"The Three Musketeers" [France] Alexandre Dumas

The best and most famous historical novel by Alexandre Dumas. It describes the story of three swordsmen, Porthos, Athos and Triamis, who help the protagonist d'Artagnan pursue love and revenge in the era of Louis XIII. The novel is characterized by vivid characters, touching plots, and wit.

"The Count of Monte Cristo" [France] Alexandre Dumas

"The Count of Monte Cristo" is one of Alexandre Dumas's major works, published in 1844. It describes the story of sailor Dantès (Monte Cristo) taking revenge. He was framed and sent to death row. After he escaped from prison, he changed his name to the Count of Monte Cristo. With a large amount of treasures provided by his fellow prisoners, he repaid the benefactor who had been taking care of his father and punished the three people who had framed him and now became the ruling group of the July Dynasty. Kaname's enemy. The novel corrects the good and eliminates the evil, and has a clear pro-Napoleonic political tendency. The plot is tortuous, legendary, and has strong artistic charm.

"John Christophe" [France] Romain Rolland

This masterpiece has 10 volumes, focusing on the life of the protagonist John Christophe. Describes the growth, struggle and ultimate failure of this musical genius. Through the life of John Christopher, we can fully feel the power of morality, that is, the power of generosity, kindness and friendship. The characters in the whole work are meticulously portrayed, full of passion, and full of music. The delicate and excellent psychological description makes people read it sincerely, making people fully appreciate the resonance of the heart and soul. Called a "long narrative poem" by Gorky, it is hailed as the greatest novel of the 20th century. The whole book is like a huge symphony. Each volume is a movement with different musical ideas, moods and rhythms. Beginning with "Johan Christophe", Romain Rolland created a unique novel style. This masterpiece won the French Academy Literary Prize in 1913 and the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1915.

"The Scarlet Letter" [American] Hawthorne

The 19th-century American romantic writer Hawthorne Sang's novel. Created in 1851. The novel describes the heroine Hester Prynne being tricked into becoming pregnant by the Reverend Dimmesdale. Sentenced to wear the red letter A (Adultery: adulterer) for life, which symbolizes shame, Hester lives a lonely and tenacious life in a humiliating situation, relying entirely on embroidery to make a living. Dimmesdale was greatly moved and stimulated by Hester's perseverance and perseverance, and soon he fell ill due to physical and mental exhaustion. After being released from prison, Dr. Roger Chillingworth, Hester's husband, who has been secretly investigating the truth, has basically learned the truth while treating Dimmesdale, and wants to put Dimmesdale in harm's way. Death place. In order to escape, Hester and Dimmesdale agreed to take their children on a boat ride to a place where "no white people's footprints can be seen" on the day when the new mayor was inaugurated. But this incident was also discovered by Chillingworth and he could not escape. So, on the day when the new mayor was inaugurated, Dimmesdale took Hester and Pearl to the public platform. When Cong announced the fact that he had seduced Hester, he died in Hester's arms. Hester was liberated and took Pearl away. Hester used her "high morals and helping spirit" to turn the shameful scarlet letter into a symbol of morality and glory until she died of old age. The novel is based on colonial America more than two hundred years ago, but it exposes the cruelty of American social codes, religious deception and moral hypocrisy in the era of capitalist development in the 19th century. The novel usually uses symbolic techniques, and the characters, plots and language are all quite subjective and imaginative. In the description, people's psychological activities and intuition are often given top priority. Therefore, it is not only a representative work of American romantic novels, but also known as the pioneer of American psychoanalytic novels.

"Sister Carrie" [American] Theodore Dreiser

"Sister Carrie" is the masterpiece of the famous American novelist Theodore Dreiser. The story of an innocent and pure girl who came from a small town to the big city to make a living. The novel revolves around the relationship between Carrie and her two lovers, recreating a broad picture of American urban life at the end of the 19th century. The breadth and depth of its life are comparable to the Paris described by Balzac.

"The Old Man and the Sea" [Beautiful] Hemingway

It writes about a lonely old man who goes out to sea alone to fish, deals with big fish, catches it, and ends up being eaten by a big shark. A thrilling story of being single. It praises people's determination to fight tenaciously and never surrender in the face of failure. Hemingway won the Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize.

"The Snows of Kilimanjaro" [Beautiful] Hemingway

A stream of consciousness novel by Hemingway. It writes about the poet Harry's thoughts while waiting for death due to illness in the African wilderness. Mixing reality, inner monologue and hallucinations, handwritten, it shows the protagonist's psychological journey of depression, pain, despair and regret. It is Hemingway's best short story.

"Catch-22" [American] Joseph Heller

"Catch-22" is a representative work of American black humor literature and is known as A classic work of contemporary American literature. The story revolves around this catch-22. This is a military rule that cannot be broken. It is like a paradox in philosophy. It stipulates that no one can leave the army unless he is mentally ill. But can a mentally ill person ask to leave unless he is normal? , this is a trap...

"The Sound and the Fury" [American] William Faulkner

This is Faulkner's favorite, one of the most important modern American novelists. of a work. It uses a "stream of consciousness" technique to truly present an aspect of the historical changes in the American South through the disintegration and death of an old family. This is Faulkner's first mature work, and it is also Faulkner's most

favorite work. The story of the novel takes place in the Compson family in the town of Jefferson. This was a once prominent family, but now only a ruined house remains. Mr. Compson, the head of the family, was drunk all day long when he was alive, and passed on his emotions of joy, joy and despair to his eldest son Quentin. Mrs. Compson is selfish, cold-blooded, and complains for no reason. She always feels that she is getting the short end of the stick. Jason is the second son of Compson. He is the opposite of Quentin. As the power of money rises in the south, he has followed the trend and become a materialist. Hatred and ideals want to make him an irrational and unrealistic revenger. Madness and sadism. Through the description of the other members of the Compson family, Faulkner expressed his despair for the old system in the South; through the caricature of Jason, Faulkner clearly expressed his hatred of the "new order."

"Moby-Dick" [American] Herman Melville

The story is narrated in the first person. The narrator is Ishmael, who is sometimes compared to the author. He is hired by the "Pequod" to go out to sea to hunt whales. The captain Ahab is a cunning and experienced sailor who plans to kill a white whale that destroyed one of his legs during the previous voyage. Moby Dick's Revenge. Starbuck, the first mate, tries to persuade Ahab to give up his revenge plan, but the crazy old man forces him to comply. While searching for Moby Dick, they caught some whales and caught several whalers in nets. Later, they discovered the white whale, and after fighting with it for three days, Ahab stabbed Moby Dick with a harpoon. The white whale was enraged and sank the "Pequod". Among all the sailors, only Ishmael was rescued and was able to tell the story.

"The Dancer of Izu" [Japanese] Kawabata Yasunari

It is a short story evolved from the author's experience when he was 19 years old. It describes the writer's struggle to escape the sorrow of being an orphan and the despair of youth. Yu, wandering alone in Izu, met a charlatan on the road and went together to have a youthful love affair. This book is Kawabata Yasunari's famous work and has become a masterpiece of Japanese youth literature.

"I am a Cat" [Japan] Natsume Soseki

Natsume Soseki was a talented artist throughout his life. He only engaged in creation for ten years, but left behind a series of treasures. All his works generally reflect the painful and restless soul of the Meiji intellectuals, and his arduous exploration between Eastern thinking and Western civilization, between illusory ideals and cruel reality, between pedantry and conservatism and the tide of money worship. and painful torture. "I Am a Cat" is worthy of being one of Japan's gifted books and one of the world's literary masterpieces.

"Resurrection" [Russian] Leo Tolstoy

This novel is a novel after Tolstoy's worldview changed. It is a reflection of his thoughts, religious ethics and a concluding work on aesthetic exploration. It is a novel based on a real case. It shows the "spiritual purification" of the two protagonists and reveals the complex process of their "resurrection". It also reveals the anti-people nature of the Tsarist autocratic bureaucracy and the ugliness of the church. offense.

"Spring Tide" [Russian] Turgenev

Written in 1871, "Spring Tide" does not express major social and political issues. Judging from the plot, it seems to be just a touching story. love story.

In May 1840, Turgenev came to the German city of Frankfurt on his way back to Berlin after traveling to Italy and Switzerland. There he accidentally stepped into a candy store and wanted to drink a glass of lemon juice. The owner's daughter called out to him, asking him to help rescue his brother who suddenly fainted. The girl's beauty and temperament made him fall in love with her, but because she left in a hurry, the seeds of love died before they could sprout. This became the basis for the creation of "Spring Tide" 30 years later. The plot at the beginning of the novel is almost identical to the author's experience. But it cannot be said that this is an autobiographical novel, because the author just used an incident in his own experience as the introduction of the novel. It is worth noting that although "Spring Tide" was widely welcomed after its publication and was translated into many languages ????and published abroad, the response from Russian critics was mixed. Later literary historians and biographers discussed Turgenev's creation. Little or no mention is made of it. The reason is probably as mentioned at the beginning of this paragraph. The novel does not always reflect major social and political issues like many of the author's other novels. However, "Spring Tide" is still an artistic success. Regardless of the image of Gemma, a girl who is beautiful from the outside to the inside, or the weak character of Sanin, the superfluous young nobleman, or even the image of Mrs. Polosov, the image of a bad woman who is gorgeous in appearance and ugly in heart, they are all portrayed extremely successfully.

"Vanity Fair" [English] Thackeray

The novel mainly describes the story of Becky Sharp, the daughter of a poor painter. After being discriminated against, she relies on sex and wit to climb up by any means. story. Through Sharp's ups and downs, it focuses on reflecting the ugly phenomena such as intrigues, competition for power, and following others' interpersonal relationships in the upper class of Western bourgeoisie, and exposes the kind of society where money is the essence. It profoundly exposed the decadence of society and vividly created a series of shameless, lewd and treacherous aristocratic bourgeois images headed by Lord Stann. The plot of the story is twists and turns, the characters are complex and distinct, and the work gives people endless reflection after reading it. For this reason, Marx once praised him and Dickens as "a group of outstanding novelists" in Britain.

"Butterfly Dream" [English] Daphne Du Maurier

The novel creates a rather mysterious female Rebecca. Through Rebecca's debauched and corrupt life and her deformed marriage to Derwent, it vividly exposes the phenomena of supreme enjoyment, intrigue, extravagance, power and hypocrisy in the British upper class society.

"The Return of the Native" [English] Thomas Hardy

Egdon Heath, where the story takes place, and the residents on the wasteland who adhere to traditional habits and customs, are a microcosm of the entire human living environment. The relationship between the hero and heroine in the story and the wasteland, whether it is Clym Yaob's return to the wasteland and transforming it, or Eustacia's boredom and escape from the wasteland, all reflect the violent conflict between the "modern" youth of Hardy's era and the environment. Colin Yaobo is young and promising. He returns home from Paris. Full of good intentions derived from French utopian socialist ideas, he voluntarily abandons the troubles and troubles of the prosperous world and lives a life of extravagance and wealth, intending to create a small life in the backwoods of his hometown. He embarked on a career of economic development, enlightenment and enlightenment, but the first thing he encountered was the opposition of his widowed mother and newlywed wife who were closest to him. Due to a twist of fate, he suddenly suffered from an eye disease, which further contributed to his failure. The conflict between the heroine Eustacia and the environment is in the opposite direction to Yao Bo. Yao Bo was born in the wasteland - went to the prosperous world - returned to the wasteland; Eustacia was born in the prosperous world - wandered in the wasteland - wanted to escape from the wasteland. Although both of them are dissatisfied with the status quo and both have a "modern" consciousness that goes beyond the traditional customs and thoughts of the wasteland people, they are still incompatible with each other. Such a pair of young men and women, mostly due to their physical attraction to each other, coupled with mutual misunderstandings during the first acquaintance stage, became marriage partners under the impulse of emotion, and their conflicts after marriage became more intense. It's fate again. This kind of conflict is not only difficult to resolve or reduce by taking advantage of the situation, but on the contrary, it becomes more and more intense, and in the end it will inevitably lead to tragedy.

Shakespeare's four major tragedies include "Hamlet", "Othello", "King Lear" and "Macbeth", which are the four most famous of his tragic works. The stories are all taken from European historical legends.

(1) "Othello" tells that the Moorish nobleman Thurro was overcome by jealousy because he listened to the slander of his flag officer Iago, and strangled his innocent wife Desdemona to death. Regret commits suicide.

Othello is a frank, brave and forthright warrior. Desdemona is innocent and infatuated, and resolutely falls in love with him. She marries him regardless of family opposition and social discrimination. However, although their love defeated racial discrimination, it did not escape Iago's conspiracy. Iago pretended to be loyal but had a cunning heart. Because he could not be promoted to lieutenant, he harbored a grudge against Othello and tried every means to kill Othello and his wife. In the end, he did not get a good ending. Through this image, Shakespeare profoundly exposed and criticized the extreme egoism among the emerging bourgeoisie during the period of primitive accumulation.

(2) "King Lear" describes an autocratic and foolish king who suffered a tragic ending due to his willfulness. The purpose of tragedy is also to expose the egoism of the primitive accumulation period and to criticize the greed for power and wealth. The tragedy also reflected the British reality of the time when the vast majority of farmers were displaced. In Act 3, Scene 4, after Lear was kicked out by his two daughters, he ran to the stormy wilderness and cursed his daughters for being ungrateful. Amidst the thunder and lightning, Lear shouted to the poor people: "Unfortunate people who have no clothes to wear, no matter where you are, you have to endure the attack of such a ruthless storm, without a roof over your head." , your bellies are thundering with hunger, and your clothes are full of holes, how can you withstand such a climate?" Here, Shakespeare expresses his sympathy for the homeless farmers through Lear's mouth, and at the same time, he also expresses his sympathy for the contemporary people. The revelation of reality. However, immediately after the above passage, Lear said: "You people who enjoy prosperity, open your eyes, go outside and experience the sufferings of the poor, and share with them some blessings that you cannot enjoy, Let God know that you are not heartless! This idea of ??turning to the exploiting class for kindness is exactly a humanitarian idea to reconcile class contradictions.

(3) "Macbeth" The careerist General Macbeth made great achievements on the battlefield. Driven by his ambition and instigated by his wife, he took advantage of King Duncan's visit to his home to kill the king and become self-reliant. In the end, this bloody usurper was killed by Duncan's son. He died after being defeated by the noble Macduff. His wife also died of schizophrenia. This tragedy profoundly reveals the corrosive effect of personal ambition on people and is a masterpiece of Shakespeare's psychological description. > (4) "Hamlet" (1601) is Shakespeare's highest achievement in drama creation. It tells the story of Hamlet, the prince of Denmark, who avenges his father. The tragic plot is as follows: Hamlet, the prince of Denmark, threatens Germany. He received a humanistic education at Fort Worth University. Because his father died suddenly, he returned to his motherland with a heavy heart. Soon, his mother married the new king, his uncle, which made him even more embarrassed. The new king claimed that the old king was in the garden. He was bitten to death by a poisonous snake. When the prince was wondering, the ghost of the old king appeared to him, telling him that the "viper" was the new king, and asked him to avenge his father. Hamlet believed that his revenge was not just his personal problem. It is a problem for the entire society and the country. He said that he has the responsibility to put things back together and turn the tide. He considers all aspects of the problem, but he is also afraid that the ghost will be fake. Fearing that he would fall into the trap of the bad guys, he would be upset and unhappy, so he had to pretend to be crazy. At the same time, his uncle also suspected that he had learned the secret, and sent people everywhere to spy on his actions and worries. His lover went to spy on him. He took advantage of the opera troupe's performance in the palace and adapted an old play "The Death of Gonzagu" about a conspiracy to murder his brother and asked the troupe to perform it to test his uncle's guilt before the play was completed. Unable to sit still, he left the table in a hurry. This further proved that his uncle's crime was true and that his privacy might have been discovered. Polonius, the palace minister, suggested that the queen ask her son to talk in a private room while he hid behind the curtain. Eavesdropping; the prince found someone behind the scenes and thought it was his uncle, so he stabbed him to death. From then on, the traitor king used the borrowed knife method and sent him to England, and asked the two classmates who were monitoring him to bring a secret letter to him. The King of England killed the prince when he came ashore; but Hamlet discovered that the secret message had been exchanged on the way, and instead asked the King to kill the two emissaries; but he himself jumped on the pirate ship and came back from danger knowing that his lover was O. Philia went mad because of her father's death and her lover's separation. The traitorous king took advantage of the opportunity of Polonius' son Laertes to avenge his father, and plotted to use poisoned swords and poisoned wine to kill Hamlet in the sword fight. Death. As a result, both Ha and Lei were poisoned by the poisoned sword, the queen drank the poisoned wine, and the traitorous king was stabbed to death. The prince's dying wish was spread by his friend Horatio.