Where are the four ancient capitals of China?

Among the four ancient capitals, only Xi 'an and Beijing can compete with Luoyang, and Beijing can't even compare with Xi 'an, let alone Luoyang. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, only 400 meters of the 38-kilometer ancient city wall was demolished. How dare you call it an ancient capital?

Luoyang is the earliest capital city. Erlitouxia is about 4000 years ago. According to the latest archaeological excavation in 2020, the earliest ruins of palaces and city walls were found in Heluo area between Luoyang and Zhengzhou, about 5,300 years ago, which finally pushed the archaeological history of the Chinese nation to about 5,000 years ago. Luoyang is the capital of Xia, Shang, Zhou, Han and Tang Dynasties. Only Qin has not been the capital in just a few decades. The Zhou Dynasty in Xi 'an only started as the capital city, which was more than two thousand years later than Luoyang, and could not be compared with Luoyang at all. Because Xi 'an has no grain transportation and a large population, the transportation of materials can't keep up, so Luoyang City was built in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Luoyang is as important as Xi. Wu Zetian changed Luoyang into the capital of gods and proclaimed himself emperor in Luoyang. If you ask about the rise and fall of ancient and modern times, please only look at Luoyang City. Both the Northern Song Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty wanted to move their capital to Luoyang, but for various reasons they could only take Luoyang as the capital. Until the Republic of China, Luoyang was regarded as the capital. Therefore, if Luoyang is the most famous ancient capital in history, there is no dispute. Other cities want to be the first because they are ignorant of history.

As for the ancient capitals of the 13th Dynasty, Xi and Luoyang are said to be both ancient capitals of the 13th Dynasty. Now in 2020, the latest archaeological discovery in Luoyang has been added for more than a thousand years. As for the number of ancient capitals or dynasties in the fifteenth century, there are the most dynasties anyway. Unless you make an amazing discovery at the Lantian site in Xi 'an, and it is officially confirmed.

As far as the capital area is concerned, Beijing in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was more than 60 square kilometers, ranking behind Luoyang and Xi 'an. In terms of population, Beijing in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was the largest, with a peak of 850,000, far less than Luoyang and Xi 'an, which had a peak of over one million, and even less than Kaifeng with a population of 0/500,000 in the Northern Song Dynasty. However, who has the largest capital area, Xi or Luoyang, has always been controversial. There are solid historical records, Xi 'an is 84 square kilometers, and Luoyang is 73 square kilometers. But people think that if all these are counted, Luoyang City is 100 square kilometers, because Siyi Pavilion was built outside the outer city in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and it is surrounded by foreigners' residential areas.

There is no dispute about which capital was established the earliest, which dynasty had the most and which capital was established the longest. First, Luoyang is one of the best in both capital area and population. On the whole, which city can compare with Luoyang?