Confucius had doubts about Ran Qiu's ambition.

I think Mr. nan huaijin's explanation of this paragraph is very good, and I will take it as a reference.

, Zeng, and Gong Xihua sat down. Confucius said: I can grow up in one day, but I can't. If I don't know, if I know you, why not?

"Sit down" is the past etiquette. The younger generation of students dare not sit in front of teachers and elders casually, but stand by and watch. This is a record of Luz and four other outstanding students standing beside Confucius. Confucius said, don't think I'm a great person just because I'm a few years older than you. I'm just like you. Don't take me too seriously Confucius expressed himself with such sincere feelings, which is the bearing of a master. This is the so-called "full irrigation and silence". He also said that usually you say "I don't know!" " I don't know you. If I knew you, what would you do? Tell me what you think.

Lutz led the way and said: "Great powers take a thousand times of one country, help them with a teacher's trip, and be hungry for it. Compared with three years, it can make you brave and know one side. " Master yi.

Everyone already knows Lutz's personality. After listening to this impatient brother, he spoke rashly. He said that if there was a "thousand-riding country"-a big country among the princes at that time, this thousand-riding country was in the middle of several big countries, surrounded by powerful enemies, and experienced years of war, its internal finances were also very difficult and famine continued. If such a country is handed over to me, it will only take me three years to govern it, so that all people and everyone in this country can stand up and everyone knows how to go their own way and do their own thing. Lutz's speech is really verve, not only heroic, but also the verve of a great politician. However, Confucius showed his teeth with a squeak: "Hee hee!" Smile, smile fully reveals the negative meaning.

Speaking of which, I think of a joke in The Romance of Three Kingdoms (this is a novel, not a history, but China's political thoughts in the past three or four hundred years can never be separated from the novel The Romance of Three Kingdoms. ) the story of "cooking wine on heroes". One day, Cao Cao was drinking and chatting with Liu Bei. At that time, Liu Bei was still taking refuge in Cao Cao, which was equivalent to his subordinates. Cao Cao asked Liu Bei who was the real hero in the world, and Liu Bei was of course the first to hold Cao Cao. Cao Cao asked him who else, and Liu Bei said that Yuan Shao, Liu Biao and other powerful people at that time, and Cao Cao refuted them one by one. It is said that these people are not qualified to be heroes, and the only heroes in the world are you and me. When he said this, the sky suddenly thundered and there was a big thunder. Liu Bei didn't know whether he was scared by Cao Cao's words or by the thunder in the sky. The chopsticks in his hand fell to the ground in fear. Cao Cao asked him what was going on. He said that I grew up in the hands of nannies, spoiled by them and timid. I was startled by the thunder just now. Cao Cao was most afraid of Liu Bei, so he felt that Liu Bei was nothing more than that. But then Liu Bei managed to escape. People in China are familiar with this novel, but it should be noted that it cannot be said that the novel is not an idea, and it has great influence among the people. Novels represent the thoughts of intellectuals. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms was written by Luo Guanzhong, at least by Luo Guanzhong, and Luo Guanzhong also represented intellectuals. A few days ago, a student saw two poems quoted in an article and asked me where they came from. I can't remember at the moment, so I have to ask him to look it up himself. Later, I learned that they were two poems in Cao Cao's short song. Cao Cao and his son had a great influence on the literature of the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and his heroic thoughts had been influenced for thousands of years, regardless of time and space. So I often tell some writers who like to write articles to pay special attention. If what they write can be passed down, I wonder how many people will be affected in the future. So some people have very good and rich life experiences all their lives, but they dare not write them easily. Even if they write it down, they dare not use their real names. Unlike now, in order to earn money, I started writing. Now back to this article, Lutz's answer is definitely not Cao Cao's meaning and attitude towards heroes. What Lutz said was heroic and statesmanlike, but Confucius laughed at him, not because his words were wrong, but because he didn't have the ability.

Modest but autumn.

Come on, what about you? Right: those in their sixties and seventies, and those in their fifties and sixties, can ask for many blessings. Compared with three years, you can satisfy the people. If you are polite and happy, you can be a gentleman.

Ran Qiu's manner of speaking is much more modest. He said that as long as a small country in Fiona Fang is handed over to me, or a smaller country is handed over to me for governance, in three years, I can make this country's society prosperous, its national economy developed, and the whole people enter the realm of recreation. This is all I can do. "If it is a ceremony, it is a gentleman." However, when the society's economy is rich enough, it is not necessary to establish a good culture. As for the establishment of a cultural foundation, this important and arduous thing has to wait for talented people to start. This is Ran Qiu's modesty and his honesty. This book has two ideas:

First of all, the establishment of a culture is really not easy. Don't talk about big things, take small things as an example. I used to write some academic things, but later I tried to write a novel based on decades of life experience, but I couldn't write it. New novels and old novels can't be written, but when they are written, they are torn up. Like writers who have many young readers now, I praise them in person. They are really nice, so I can't write. So don't underestimate the novel. There are many people who criticize other people's works casually, but they can't write them themselves. It is really difficult to build culture. As far as I know, it is really the so-called "ten years of trees, a hundred years of people." It takes a long time to train a talent. I once said that Pu Ru's fine paintings were cultivated in the 300 years since the Qing Dynasty entered the customs. Many famous paintings he saw in the court were beyond the reach of others. In fact, his handwriting is better than painting, his poetry is better than handwriting, and others can't learn it. I have also mentioned Li Houzhu's poems, like his poem "Broken Array": "In the past 40 years, our country has three thousand miles of mountains and rivers, and the Phoenix Quelonglou is lonely, and the Yushu Qiongzhi is a smoke rose. How many times have you known each other? " Once classified as a vassal, Shen Yao and Pan Bian were eliminated, and they resigned from the temple in the most hasty way. The teaching workshop still played a farewell song and shed tears at Gong E. "It's really a good word, which is amazing to read, but every sentence in it is his life experience, his true feelings and his thoughts. It is easy for him to write. If not when the emperor, when the princes, who can write such a word? This is a literary situation. From the accomplishment of literature, we can see the difficulty of cultural establishment.

Secondly, let's take a look at Guan Zi's high opinion: "The granary actually knows etiquette, and food and clothing know honor and disgrace." This sentence applies all over the world, no matter ancient or modern, Chinese or foreign. Therefore, talking about China's political thought is inseparable from the tube. Furthermore, through these two sentences, we can see that the prosperity of a social country and the prosperity of education and culture depend on the economy; Only when you have enough food and clothing can you know honor and disgrace, and only when you are rich in the granary can you know propriety and righteousness. So some people say that the biggest one is the poor, and they don't even have to wear pants. They are desperate. What are they afraid of? When you have status and money, you are afraid. This is the truth of these two sentences. It can be seen that the establishment of culture depends on the economy. As can be seen from this sentence of Ran Qiu, he deeply understands this truth. So he said, if a small country gives me three years' working time, I can stabilize its economic foundation and social and political stability. As for the establishment of culture, it is necessary to "wait for a gentleman". It will take a while, and even invite people who are better than me. This is his modesty and his truth.

Ran Taiwei reported that Confucius asked Gong Xihua again:

Rhett, what about you? Right: I don't want to be able to do it, I want to learn. If the ancestral temple is agreed, it will be a trivial matter.

Gong Xihua has been mentioned in the above discussion. Confucius said that he "tied himself up in North Korea so that he could talk to his guests." He can be a good diplomat, dressed appropriately, never careless in life, modest in appearance and decent in treating people. He is a standard diplomat. What he shows here is also the demeanor of a diplomat. As soon as he opens his mouth, he is a diplomat, different from others. This passage in The Analects of Confucius is really a good literary work. He said, teacher, there is nothing I can do, but I am willing to follow suit. Three people here speak differently. The first line was "pointing directly at Yue", which was drummed up and achieved. This time it was Ran Qiu's turn to be modest: "A smaller place ..." When asked about Gong Xihua, he said, "I'm not saying I'm talented. I am poor, but I am willing to study. " What are you studying? "The ancestral hall", in which the ancestral hall represents the country. It used to be a male-dominated society, and the country of every country took the ancestral temple as a symbol. The so-called ancestral temple is a national event. "Together", have a meeting. It is equivalent to saying that the National Assembly is being held now, or the Legislative Council or the Executive Council will be held soon. "Duan Zhangfu", everyone wears a dress and is very polite. The assistant minister is a good chief of staff, or equivalent to the secretary-general of Congress. Gong Xihua told Confucius that he could learn slowly at work and accumulate experience slowly to reach this level. However, it is not easy to be an excellent Secretary-General of Congress, nor is it easy to tinker at important meetings. Xiao Xiang is a general affairs talent, that is, the prime minister; The real good general manager is the Prime Minister, and Xiao He is the best general manager. There are only a handful of such figures in history.

Sex and romance

The following is the most important paragraph here. Point, "Historical Records" as "Wei", the father of Zeng Shen, is also a student of Confucius. The following is his conversation with Confucius:

Point, and you? Drum by Shi Si, Ken and Shese. Yes, it was written by extraordinary third son. Confucius said: Why hurt yourself? And speak your mind. Yue: Mo Chun, the No.5 or No.6 scholar and the No.6 or No.7 boy, who have taken the spring clothes, are bathed in deduction, dancing in the wind and singing back. The master sighed: I have a point!

Ceng Dian was beside Confucius when he was discussing with three other students. After listening to Lutz's report, Confucius turned to Ceng Dian who was beating drums and said, "How are you, Ceng Dian?" ? Tell me. Ceng Dian's voice trailed off when he heard the teacher asking him. Then, the fingers of the harpsichord gather on the strings, and the harpsichord makes a loud noise. Then Ceng Dian left the position of harpsichord, stood up and said to Confucius, Teacher, you ask me! I am different from what the three of them just said, and my thoughts are different from theirs. Here's a problem. From this description, we can see that Ceng Dian is quiet. Everyone is discussing this problem, and he is composing his music, so he shouldn't have heard their discussion. But when Confucius asked him, he said that his thought and practice were different from Luz's. It can be seen that he heard what others said just now, which is a high accomplishment.

Being able to handle several things at the same time in the most hectic life requires real knowledge, real cultivation and the highest level of quiet kung fu. I have indeed seen such a friend, who is busy examining and approving official documents one by one and deleting sentences, while listening to others report urgent and important things to him and say, "Oh, dear! Hey! " Then he put down his pen and immediately told the reporter how things were handled and how they were handled. I handled everything at the same time, which was very easy. This man is really cultured and I admire him very much. Here comes the novel again. Pang Tong, second only to Zhuge Liang in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, went to see Liu Bei with Zhuge Liang's letter of introduction. However, he is very arrogant. When I met Liu Bei, I met Liu Bei. He didn't take out Zhuge Liang's letter and thought it was shameful to rely on the letter of introduction. Unexpectedly, Liu Bei was deceived and became a county magistrate for him. After he took office, he drank every day, regardless of business or anything. Three months later, Zhang Fei went to inspect. He was still drinking, and Zhang Fei accused him. He asked Zhang Fei to sit aside and wait, take out the official documents accumulated for three months, and report to all relevant parties at the same time. He listened and answered, while approving official documents. After a while, he finished everything, threw away his pen and asked Zhang Fei what else he wanted. Zhang Fei is very wise. Apologize immediately. Pang took out Zhuge Liang's personal letter and promoted the deputy chief of staff-deputy strategist. In fact, there are such people. So, don't read this book casually, don't just read it with two tangible eyes, but also read it with intelligent eyes.

Here, we can see Ceng Dian's Tsinghua style. Confucius listened to his words and had different attitudes. He said that there would be no conflicts, just behind closed doors and expressing everyone's own ideas. Just say it. So Ceng Dian said, I thought, when spring comes, winter clothes are changed and comfortable clothes are put on, the busy farming season is over, and five or six adults and six or seven teenagers go swimming in Yishui, then sing and dance, and everyone plays leisurely and happily. After having fun, they sang home. How small this realm looks! Although Confucius was young, he sighed loudly and said, I just want to be like you.

What does Confucius mean? Confucius is so naive! So this book is difficult to understand. We have experienced a chaotic life in the past few years-country, society and the world. After experiencing such great chaos, we realize that the country and society are stable and the world is peaceful. Only in this way can individuals truly enjoy the spirit. An unstable society and an unstable country are really impossible. As soon as the times changed dramatically, families broke up and tragedies of separation of wives and children abound. So the ancients said, "It is better to be a peaceful chicken and dog than a people in troubled times." Ceng Dian's country is characterized by social stability, national independence, economic stability and world peace, and everyone enjoys a true, kind and beautiful life. This is true freedom and democracy, not western or American, but our ideal of one world. Everyone can do it and really enjoy life, just like the poem of the Qing Dynasty, "Days increase years and people increase life, and spring is full of Kunqu opera." When we were young, we had a study life at home, and we did experience this state. We feel that the day is too long, and every minute is as tense as it is now. If we retire one day, we can go home and grow vegetables leisurely and see how comfortable it is!

What Confucius asked these four students here, including a passage between Confucius and Ceng Dian, can be said to have reached a climax, and the teachers and students expressed their longing for a perfect life. The purpose of politics is only to seek prosperity and recreation, so this paragraph can be said to be a peaceful sketch of life in the Datong world.

Life-giving Spring Breeze and Rain —— The Beneficial Influence of Education

The following is the conclusion.

The third son came out, and after Zeng, he said, what is the word of the third son? Confucius said: I want to talk about it! Yue: Master, what's the reason? Yue: Serving the country with courtesy is a reason for not letting go. If you only want it, you are not a country. Who is comfortable in sixty or seventy, say fifty or sixty, not a country? Only red is not a state? Ancestral temples will be harmonious, not princes. Red is small, but it can be big!

After the four students who sat down answered Confucius' questions, Lutz, You Ran and Gong Xihua all left, only Zeng stayed at the end. Because Confucius has never commented on the words of three other students except what he said, it is not meaningful enough, so I will ask Confucius again. What do the teachers think of the three students' answers? Confucius said, nothing, just everyone expressing their opinions, that's all. I further asked, what was said just now, the teacher laughed at him, why did he laugh at him?

We may think that Lutz's words are correct and have an appetite. What do you mean ridiculous? But Confucius told him that Luz was talking about the world affairs of the country and the cause of a great hero and politician. It is not that simple to have a cultural foundation and knowledge. Lutz, on the other hand, boasted that he was not modest at all and thought he was very good, so I laughed at him. As for what he said about the ideal of the country, there is nothing wrong. I just laughed at him for being too complacent and reckless.

As for Ran Qiu's rhetoric, it is also quite good. In fact, that's what politicians do. What's the difference between 60 and 70, 50 and 60? I can quote Lao Tzu here to explain. Now some people who study Laozi's philosophy have their own interpretations of the words "a small country with few people" and "governing a big country like cooking small fresh vegetables". Nowadays, young people study literature, philosophy and political science in universities, and get master's and doctor's degrees. Many of them write about Laozi. What Lao Tzu's political thoughts, Lao Tzu's philosophical thoughts, Lao Tzu's economic thoughts and Lao Tzu's thoughts are all here. I have only written 5,000 words myself, and I can't finish it for thousands of years and tens of millions of words. These famous books, if I read them myself, will definitely laugh my head off. Today, I don't know which of the Laozi in those papers said Laozi. The real Laozi thought is very simple. Actually, it's only five thousand words. Lao Tzu said that "governing a big country is like cooking small fresh food", so we should pay attention to the word "cooking", that is, stew slowly with slow fire and burn slowly with small fire. Fairy is a small fish and meat. If you use a big fire, it will burn. It must be cooked slowly with slow fire. This sentence also tells us that as a person, or even a life principle, we should not be impatient in chaos. Chaos in any era has a key, so we should take it slowly and solve it step by step. To apply Tai Ji Chuan's principles, let nature take its course and take it slowly. If you want to change by mutation at once, often the mutation has not improved and new problems have come out, so he advocates "fewer people and fewer countries." In other words, he started on the basis of local politics. This is also what Confucius said, "Who is comfortable with sixty or seventy, such as fifty or sixty, not a country?" The meaning is the same, regardless of the size of the place, the governance style is the same, and there is no difference. Confucius said this about Ran Qiu, not that Ran Qiu was wrong, but that Ran Qiu's thoughts are the same for governing big countries and small countries. If this sentence is quoted to ourselves, it shows that regardless of the size of the position, our responsibilities are the same and our achievements are the same. The question is whether we have done well.

For Gong Xihua's thought, Confucius thought it was also a great statesman's insight, but he was modest. In fact, a "ancestral hall association" presides over a huge joint meeting, in which all heads of state and cabinet members participate, and can serve as the secretary-general and chairman of such a meeting. Gong Xihua said it was a piece of cake. He studied and studied, but his words were modest and his tone was quite big. He said it was a small matter. What's the big deal in the world?

According to the above paragraph, we can also see another aspect. Lutz and others have great ambitions, but they are always inseparable from self-heroism. What I can do, what I should do ... and they all tend to start from politics. However, Zeng was different. He also hoped that the world would be the same, but the success was not in me, but in culture and education, which really hit the nail on the head, so Confucius lamented: "I am with the point."