Uncover the mystery of Gorky's death: Was Gorky killed by Stalin?

Gorky is a famous socialist writer and the most famous foreign writer. He used to be the idol of countless socialist teenagers and the founder of socialist realistic literature. Lenin called him "the most outstanding representative of proletarian art" mysterious death 1936, in the official gazette: died of illness.

Gorky died 18 years later, there was an amazing news that he was poisoned by Stalin. 1948, Professor Pletnjev, who was 78 years old in prison, probably told the truth to Bridget Gearan, a female prisoner who worked as his assistant in the prison clinic, because he was too old to take the secret to the grave.

After his release, Gillan published an article in the Socialist Bulletin of 1954 as a German journalist, exposing Stalin's poisoning Gorky. She wrote: Gorky was afraid of the terrible atmosphere created by Stalin in the Soviet Union, wanted to return to Italy, and threatened to sue the Soviet system. To this end, Stalin sent someone to send a box of delicious candy. Gorky distributed candy to two nurses around him, and all three died after eating it in severe pain. Professor Pletnjev ordered an autopsy and found poison in the internal organs.

However, Professor Pletnjev kept silent about this fact. Even when the Kremlin issued a false explanation, he did not tell the truth, but their silence did not save him. The so-called rumors spread all over Moscow. It is rumored that Gorky was assassinated and Stalin may have poisoned him. In order to divert people's attention, the Kremlin led people's suspicions to others and found other scapegoats, so Professor Pletnjev was arrested.

Why did this man, who was named as the instructor of socialist literature, oppose Stalin? Besides, why did he expose the truth of the Soviet Union? After all, Stalin gave him generous treatment and lofty honor.

After the October Revolution, Lenin shot and killed 6.5438+0.7 million people, including 230,000 intellectuals. As a friend of Lenin and Bolsheviks, Gorky hated this kind of behavior of depriving bourgeois property, killing innocent people and suppressing intellectuals. In Free Life, he cursed Lenin as a "cold magician" and criticized the "absolute power" of the Bolsheviks. Lenin seized this hostile newspaper in July 19 18. However, Gorky's personal relationship with Lenin is ok, Gorky is safe and sound, but his situation is getting more and more difficult, because Lenin has begun to prepare to purge intellectuals.

1920, a terrible famine hit the land of Russia. On July 2 1 day, Gorky was responsible for the establishment of the All-Russia Committee for Hunger Relief, in which other non-Bolshevik intellectuals participated, and they called on the whole world to save Russia from famine. 192 1 August, American Relief Association came to provide food aid to millions of hungry people at the invitation of the Soviet government. However, Lenin closely monitored this humanitarian organization as a spy organization, saying that the members of the relief society were spies, and the Russians engaged in this work were later regarded as American spies.

Just as the Committee and American Relief Association were helping the victims, suddenly one day Lenin ordered all members of the Committee to be arrested, except the chairman Kamenev and Gorky. Then Lenin began to crack down on religious circles, secretly instructing to take this opportunity to kill a group of reactionary monks and representatives of the reactionary bourgeoisie, and the more the better. This autumn, a large number of philosophers, economists, sociologists and politicians were forcibly deported. Gorky was one of them, but Lenin thought of his friendship and sent him abroad as a gift, instead of going abroad for illness as the official said.

However, Gorky, who went abroad, was regarded as an intellectual bought by the Bolsheviks and was excluded everywhere. On the one hand, his motherland does not agree with him. On the other hand, exiled intellectuals attacked and criticized him everywhere. At that time, Gorky felt that he was an abandoned child and missed his mother day and night.

Just one year before Gorky was sent abroad by courtesy, Lenin's wife Najera personally took the lead in "cleaning" libraries all over the country, and a large number of books that were not recognized by the Soviet Union were directly destroyed, including many rare books left over from the Russian period. Subsequently, the Soviet Union established a strict censorship system to strictly control people's thoughts.

During his stay in Germany, when Gorky learned from German newspapers that the Soviet authorities were frantically engaging in "literary inquisition", he wrote in a letter to the poet Hardsjo Vichy in 1923:

I was shocked by what I read in the newspaper. What I can tell you is that EduardoNajera and Speranski in Russia prohibit readers from reading, while the books of Plato, Kant, Schopenhauer, Slavyev (19th century famous Russian philosopher and poet), Dana, john ruskin, Nietzsche, Tolstoy, Leskov and Yasinsky are all banned. It can even be said that atheistic and anti-religious books must be placed under religious-related items in the library. These are not jokes! These are all news and have not been confirmed. Once these cruel facts are confirmed, I will write to Moscow and announce that I give up the nationality of this evil country. "

Things took a turn for the better at 1928, when Lenin had died and Stalin was in power. 1928, Stalin launched a campaign to welcome Gorky back to China, which was carried out vigorously. First, the Soviet Writers Association, and then mobilized various social organizations to write to Gorky living in Italy, asking him to return to China to help improve the cultural level of the Soviet people. Even mobilized young pioneers and primary and secondary school students to write letters to Grandpa Gorky. In the letter, they questioned why the writer they loved so much lived in Italy under fascist rule, instead of going back to the Russian people who missed you and loved you day and night.

Why did Stalin suddenly think of Gorky? It turns out that Stalin just came to power. In order to stabilize his position, he needs some influential, prestigious and non-partisan people to help him, and Gorky is undoubtedly the first choice among these people. So he thought of Gorky's 60th birthday and used the opportunity of celebrating his birthday to mobilize him to return home. He found a lobbyist, Karatov, and promoted him to the position of director of the State Publishing Bureau, because this person not only knew Gorky very well, but also got in touch again.

1928 On May 20th, Gorky returned to China with his son and family. However, Gorky, who returned to China, witnessed Stalin's atrocities, but his inner pain increased day by day. He can only write articles praising Stalin's great achievements, but he can't write freely as before. He was surrounded by Cheka (the predecessor of KGB) and his every move was monitored. 1935, 1 1 year1October, he wrote to Khalatov: "I feel that I am living in exile. I don't complain, but I can't see anything. It's terrible to live like this. " In fact, Gorky said that exile is actually family imprisonment, and all his actions are under the control of Stalin Cheka.

Moreover, Gorky is tired of praising Stalin and often finds various reasons to refuse. Gorky's non-cooperation caused Stalin's dissatisfaction. When Gorky revealed to people around him that he wanted to leave the Soviet Union again, Stalin finally moved his heart.

Just over a year after Gorky's death, the third big trial was held in Moscow on March 2, 1938. Among the 2 1 members sitting in the dock, there is a striking figure, that is, the former spy chief Yasuda. Not long ago, he was the executioner who sent innocent people to the guillotine in the first and second big trials in Moscow. Now, he has become a person on trial for treason, communication with foreign countries, sabotage, conspiracy to endanger national security and terrorism.

In addition, he has another charge, that is, the assassination of Gorky and his son Maxim Piskov by medical means. Under the instructions of "spy chief" and "Judas Trotsky", it was conducted by Gorky's secretary Klyuchnikov and Dr. Levin and Pletnjev through Jagoda. Skof made Gorky "catch a cold or get some other disease" by some means, and two doctors accelerated the death of the patient, as did Gorky's son.

The verdict came out, 18 defendants were sentenced to death, including Gorky's secretary Klyuchnikov and Dr. Levin, and Professor Pletnjev was sentenced to 25 years' imprisonment.