Brief introduction of Tan Xinpei, a famous Peking Opera actor in Qing Dynasty, who is better, Tan Xinpei or Mei Lanfang?

Cheng Changgeng once predicted: "After my death, Xinpei will become a great climate." Tan Xinpei studied under Cheng Changgeng and Yu Sansheng, and asked Zhang Erkui, Lu Shengkui and Wang Jiuling for art. He learned from others and became his own family. Together with Wang Guifen and Sun Juxian, he was known as the "New Three Ding Jia" and became the founder of Tan School, the first old school in the history of Peking Opera. On May 25th, 16th year of Guangxu reign, Sun Xiuhua, Chen Delin and Luo Shoushan were elected to the Shengping Department for a job, and the stage name in the palace was Tan Jinpei. On May 1, 1917, he died at 8: a.m. in Apartment 1, Dawailangying, Xuannei Street, Beijing, at the age of 71. Buried in the cemetery of Liyuanzhuang in Jietai Temple, the boundary pillar is engraved with "Yingxiutang". Today, Tanmen is a family of seven generations of pear gardens. Disciple school

There are very few disciples of Tan School, but there are many private scholars. At that time, there were almost "no students (old students) who didn't learn Tan", and the descendants were divided into old and new schools. The generation of Tan School was Wang Youchen, as well as Tan Xiaopei (his son), Jia Junqing, Meng Xiaoru, Luo Xiaobao, Guan Dayuan and Jia Honglin. Yan Jupeng's early performances also strictly followed Tan's path. The representative of "New Tan School" is Yu Shuyan. Yu created a new old school on the basis of inheriting Tan School. Tan scholars in the ticket industry include the owner of Red Bean Pavilion, the owner of Xiashan Building, Wang Yutian, Wang Junzhi, Wang Yusheng, Qiao Youchen and Cheng Junmou, all of whom have profound attainments in the study of Tan School. Later, Ma Lianliang and Yan Jupeng were deeply influenced by Tan School. His grandson Tan Fuying's "Little Tan School" is basically developed on the basis of "Old Tan School". Actors in other professions, such as Wusheng Yang Xiaolou, Danxing Mei Lanfang and Wang Yaoqing, were also greatly inspired and influenced by it.

compared with the family history of the "four famous poets", the Tan family, another Liyuan family, has become a legend in the history of Peking Opera. Since 1863, when Tan Xinpei was acting with his father Tan Zhidao in Guanghecheng, a rare art family in the world, seven generations were engaged in the same kind of drama and the same business, and the whole family counted * * * more than 4 people engaged in Peking Opera, which can be called a "condensed history of Chinese Peking Opera".

Tan Xinpei, who is regarded as the originator of Beijing Opera, is the most outstanding representative. His singing method is called "Tan School" in the world, and there is a saying in the industry that "no cavity does not learn Tan".

Tan Xinpei's son Tan Xiaopei not only inherited all his family studies, but also trained his son Tan Fuying. Tan Fuying developed and innovated the "New Tan School", and was later praised as one of the "Four Great Bearings". Tan Pai, the fifth generation of Tan Yuanshou teenagers, entered Fuliancheng, and he has a solid and comprehensive foundation. He fully embodies the essence of Tan's family style and is famous throughout the country for starring in Shajiabang, a modern Peking Opera. Tan Xiaoceng, the son of Tan Yuanshou, is an old master of Tan School in Beijing Peking Opera Theatre, and Tan Zhengyan, his son, is the seventh generation of Tan Family, just in his early 3s, and his appearance and singing are quite a legacy of Tan Fuying. It is worth mentioning that the seven generations of Tanmen not only retained the essence of Tanmen art in the same strain, but also developed and innovated with their own characteristics, so that Tanmen art always maintained the vitality of the times.

"It's not easy for Gao Zu to create Tan School art. We have a strong sense of responsibility and great social pressure under the aura." Now, the Tan family has turned their attention to Tan Zhengyan, and tailored the repertoire for him. "In the future, if Tan Zhengyan gives birth to a son, we also hope that he can inherit the ancestral inheritance." Tan Xiaoceng said.

His disciples are Wang Yuefang, Jia Honglin, Liu Xichun, Li Xinfu and Yu Shuyan. Artistic image with artistic characteristics

Tan Xinpei created numerous artistic images in his life. Because he is good at observing the identity, personality and spiritual temperament of the characters, he plays all the forms and spirits. Chen Yanheng, a famous amateur who is familiar with Tan Pai's art, said: "Tan Xinpei plays Kong Ming as a Confucian, Huang Zhong as a veteran, Bai Huai in Rouge Pleat is an old official, and Zhou Wenyuan in Five Meanings is just a stubborn citizen. The products are different and different. " When portraying characters, he not only pays attention to the truth of images, but also stresses the beauty of art, and has his own unique creation in singing, reading and playing. At that time, among the "old students and three outstanding artists", Sun Juxian made good use of the "chamber sound" to win with impassioned; Wang Guifen makes good use of "the sound in the back of his head" to win with vigor and strength; Tan Xinpei doesn't take Sun and Wang's strong singing style, which is full of loud pets and full of tunes. Instead, he uses the voice of "Yun Zheyue", which is melodious and tactfully, and is longer than lyrical, but sometimes it is a little sentimental. The same play, such as Wen Zhaoguan, Catch and Release Cao, Fish Intestine Sword, etc., was performed by three people, each with its own characteristics. Tan's vocals not only combine the vocals of Cheng Changgeng, Yu Sansheng, Zhang Erkui, Wang Jiuling, Lu Shengkui and Feng Ruixiang, but also extensively absorb the vocals of Tsing Yi, Lao Dan and Hua Lian, as well as the tones of Kunqu Opera, Bangzi and Drum, and skillfully blend into the vocals of the old students without showing any trace, and can be unified in their own unique style, thus becoming a family of their own. Singing style

He is also good at breaking through the syntax of "223" and "334", using interlining and empty word to moisten the cavity, and flexibly changing the stereotype. Therefore, his singing is exquisite, lively, changeable, clever in plain, and can show the feelings of different characters delicately and vividly. For example, Qin Qiong's sadness in Selling Horses, Yang Tingzhao's sadness in Hongyangdong, Hua Yun's impassioned generosity in War for Peace and Yang Jiye's grief and desolation in Li Lingbei are all wonderful. His reading aloud, careful choice of words, clear and fluent, the "three newspapers" in "Empty City" and the "storytelling" in "Eight Hammers" are all his meticulous masterpieces. Agile

Tan Xinpei used to be a martial arts student in his early years, and his martial arts skills were solid and skillful, so no matter how he played tricks, arrows or pleated plays, he was able to keep his figure flexible and clean, and he also showed unique skills in many plays, such as "Hanging Mao" in Shiro Visiting Mother and "Tiger Jumping" in War for Peace. The whole "Qionglin Banquet" has a heavy figure, but he plays it with ease, showing his waist and legs; The playing of the mace in "Selling Horses with Mace" and the dancing knife in "Cuiping Mountain" are also unique. Artistic innovation

Tan Xinpei is full of innovative spirit in art, and many of his plays are reformed in terms of lyrics and performing arts. He can also promote his strengths and avoid his shortcomings. His face is slim, so he doesn't often play the hat play. Huang Zhong, who plays Dingjun Mountain, wears a scarf instead of a handsome helmet, in order to cover up his shortcomings and give full play to his strengths. Representative plays

Tan Xinpei has a lot of artistic skills. Among them, the representative plays are: Empty City, Selling Horses as Maces, Li Lingbei, Drumming Cao, Catching Cao, Hongyang Cave, Sangyuan Zizi, Shiro Visiting Mother and Wujiapo. Singing materials film

In 195, Fengtai Photo Studio filmed Dingjun Mountain for it in the land shrine of Liulichang, which became the first black-and-white silent film in China film history. Records

EMI Records Company has produced seven semi-precious CDs for him to be handed down from generation to generation, including one for selling horses, touching a monument with signs, catching and releasing Cao, sending a son to the mulberry garden, Wupen Ji and Shiro Visiting Mother, and half for Hongyangdong, Zhantaiping and Qingdingzhu.

Chen Yanheng compiled 3 volumes of Tan Xinpei's Singing Collection, including 1 plays such as Empty City Plan. Historical contribution

Tan Xinpei has opened up a new world for the performing arts of the old Peking Opera students, and his works have far-reaching influence, which has played a role in the history of Peking Opera. For more than half a century, many old Peking Opera students have been patriarchal to him, known as "Tan School". With all his life's efforts and energy, Tan Xinpei has comprehensively inherited and developed the traditional Chinese opera art. Since then, the old-fashioned art has been further standardized and systematized, which has basically stabilized the pattern of Beijing opera. During his more than 6 years' drama life, he has occupied various styles of stage in China and won audiences at all levels, from the palace to the villages and towns. The Tan School art he created represents the traditional style of Chinese opera in many aspects. He inherited the essence of Huizhou School and Han School, such as Cheng Changgeng and Yu Sansheng. He was good at both civil and military skills, and he was unstoppable in the chaos. He developed in all directions by singing, reading, doing and playing, and set a precedent for the "lasting appeal school", which gradually brought Beijing opera into a beautiful realm. Tan School, founded by him, is an art school with the widest spread, the greatest influence on later generations and the most flourishing branches and leaves. In the history of Peking Opera, it has always been recognized as the mainstream school among the old performers. Later, Yu Shuyan, Ma Lianliang, Yan Jupeng, Yang Baosen and other important old schools were all derived from Tan School. Main repertoires

Fu Hu (Cheng Changgeng)

Wen Zhaoguan (Cheng Changgeng)

Eight Hammers (Xu Xiaoxiang, Yang Yuelou, Huang Runfu)

Dressing and throwing halberds (Xu Xiaoxiang, Zhu Lianfen)

A Dream in the Garden (Xu Xiaoxiang, Zhu Lianfen). Lu Shengkui, Xu Xiaoxiang, Qian Baofeng, and Sun Erguan)

Capture Saburo alive (Yang Mingyu, Zhu Lianfen)

The Double Package Case (Chu Liankui, He Guishan)

The War against Dongwu (Tan Jinfu)

A Brave and Heroic Door (Tan Jinfu)

. Liu Guiqing)

Yu Linglong (Jiang Changfu, second brother)

Zhentanzhou (Li Xiaozhen, Yin Derui)

Yangpingguan (Chi Dinger, Huang Runfu, Li Shunting, Zhang Sanyuan)

The No.1 Scholar (Xiao Jiaotian, Sun Erguan, Lu Xinglin) Liu Gansan)

Xiang Liang Stabs Liang (Yang Mingyu, Zhu Lianfen, Ye Zhongding)

Big and Small Cheats (Yang Mingyu, Song Chongsheng)

Visiting Mother (Yang Yuelou, Chen Delin, Lu Xiaofen)

North Cheating (He Guishan)

Interception of the River. Chen Delin)

Jinshan Temple (Chen Delin, Li Liuer, Li Qier, Qian Jinfu, Dianjia Li)

yuntaiguan (Lu Shengkui)

Xi Mu Lian (Chen Delin, Lu Xinglin)

The main repertoire of Sixi Class

A Thousand Horses (Chen Lanxian, Cao Chun Wu Liankui)

Visiting relatives (Liu Gansan, Mei Qiaoling)

The life of the characters in Xiaogantian (Yu Ziyun, Li Yannong)

At the age of 1, he went to Beijing with his father, and at the age of 11, he entered Xiaojinkui Keban to learn martial arts ugliness, and later changed to a martial artist and a veteran of civil and military affairs. He graduated in 1863. At the age of 23, he took the Sanqing class, mainly performing martial arts dramas such as "The Crusade of China", "Sanchakou", "Baishuitan" and "The Eight Great Danas". Stable boy, who played "Qingshishan" alongside Cheng Changgeng, was appreciated by the "big boss" and entrusted with martial arts. Tan Xinpei is the only martial artist in the painting "The Thirteen Musts of Tongguang". It was ten years after Guangxu to enjoy the famous drama world with the old students.

in 1879, the fifth year of Guangxu (Ji Mao), Tan Xinpei went to Shanghai for the first time.

Tan Xinpei and Sun Caizhu go to Shanghai together. Tan Xinpei was thirty-five years old and moved to Jingui Tea Garden, with the stage name Tan Jinfu, specializing in martial arts. At that time, the Shaanxi opera was flourishing in Shanghai, and those who had Chen Cailin were the best. Cailin was originally transferred to Beijing Zhongsheng Chunban, and the class was kept by an internal prison. Cailin relied on his favor and refused to serve the imperial title. Therefore, he flew to impeach eunuchs not to store the pear garden privately, and the class was dismissed. Cailin went to Shanghai, and it took a while to fall. Tan Buzhi returned to Beijing next spring, and began to study Pihuang Opera. Tan Benchong was a martial artist in the Third Celebration Class, and his father sang an old Dan and an old student. His voice was left, so he called Tan Tian, which was not a good name. In his early years, Tan took a course in Jin Kuiban, where he was involved in civil and military chaos. After leaving the course, he worshipped Cheng Changgeng as a teacher, but Cheng was from Anhui, while Tan was from Huangpi, Hubei, and his accent remained unchanged. After becoming famous, those who lived in Tan regarded Huguang pronunciation as authentic, and those who mistook the leather spring for Huangpi, which can be described as forgetting their ancestors. (Old News of Spring Shen: Tan Xinpei's Five Visits to Shanghai)

On September 4, 1879, July 18, the fifth year of Guangxu (Jimao), the third celebration class was held at the Hall Meeting of Ying Shijia Hutong and Wang Wencha.

On the 18th and 19th day of the seventh lunar month, the Sanqing class was invited to attend the public hall meeting of Renhe and Wangwenqia in Shijia Hutong, and the Sixi class was arranged outside.

in 1884, the tenth year of Guangxu (Jiashen), Tan Xinpei went to Shanghai for the second time.

Tan Xinpei went to Shanghai to sing. His stage name was Tian, and Dakui officials went with him. He set up a tea garden in Sanqing and later changed it to Dangui. When Sun Juxian was in Shanghai, he played a fairy.

On July 11th, 189, May 25th, the 16th year of Guangxu reign (Geng Yin): Tan Xinpei, Chen Delin, Sun Xiuhua and Luo Shoushan were selected as officers in the promotion office.

Tan Xinpei, Chen Delin, Sun Xiuhua and Luo Shoushan were also selected as officers in the promotion office as citizens.

June 29th, 198, the first day of June in the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (Wushen): the South China Sea was sent in June in the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu

The South China Sea was sent. * * * 26.1.

Performances

Fu Lushou (A Moment)

Mu Ke Zhai (Three Moments) (Yang Defu)

Flat Peach Blossom Club (Three Moments) (Zhu Yukang)

Fishing for the Golden Turtle (Two Moments) (Gong Yunfu)

Lifting the Ding. Wang Yaoqing)

Iron Bow Edge (Three Carvings) (Hou Junshan)

Qingshishan (Three Carvings) (Li Shunting)

Boundless Life (Two Carvings)

September 5, 198, August 1th in the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (Wushen): South China Sea in August in the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu. * * * It's 4: 1.

Performances

Fu Lushou (Moment)

Sizhou City (Erkeshi) (Zhu Yukang)

Zhaojun (Erkeshi) (Chen Delin)

Eight Hammers (Wukeshi) (Hou Junshan, Qian Jinfu)

Zhang Ersuo)

Five People's Righteousness (three quarters) (Li Lianzhong)

Zhaoguan (two quarters) (Wang Fengqing)

Changbanpo (five quarters) (Yang Xiaolou)

Chaguan (two quarters) (Yang Defu, Zhu Suyun) < p