What should the child do if he sneezes with a stuffy nose?

Cold is commonly known as acute rhinitis, which is an acute infectious nasal mucosa inflammation caused by rhinovirus and coronavirus. It is a frequently-occurring and common disease of children, which occurs all year round.

At the beginning of the disease, the nasopharynx is dry and uncomfortable, with burning sensation, itchy nose and sneezing. The baby always rubs his nose, 1 ~ 2 days with stuffy nose and runny nose. After 3 ~ 5 days, it becomes sticky or suppurative. Some have acute onset, most have fever, with body temperature ranging from 38℃ to 40℃, mental illness and irritability. Because of nasal congestion and throat discomfort, sleep is affected and appetite is reduced. On the basis of virus infection, some bacteria that usually remain in the nasopharynx take advantage of it and actively multiply, resulting in secondary infection, pharyngitis and otitis media.

Nursing methods

When the baby is sick, parents should calmly face it, carefully observe and care, and don't rush to the hospital at the beginning of a cold to avoid cross-infection.

As long as the baby is in good spirits, having fun and eating and sleeping as usual, parents should arrange a quiet and comfortable environment for the baby, so that he can have a full rest, drink more boiled water, adjust his diet and reduce the burden on his stomach.

When you have a stuffy nose, you should lie down with a slope of 45 and raise your head and face. Take lateral position for unilateral nasal obstruction. Clean up nasal secretions in time to keep breathing smooth. When necessary, before feeding and sleeping, you can apply a warm wet towel to your forehead, or drop 0.5% ephedrine solution into your nose, one drop at a time. Breast-fed babies can take 50 ml of milk, add 3 ~ 5 cm of scallion, steam it for 10 minute, take it out and put it at a suitable temperature, which can clear the nose and improve eyesight. Never use nasal drops to avoid adverse reactions.

Fever is a manifestation of the body's defense mechanism, and it is not appropriate to rush to reduce fever. When the body temperature is 37.5 ~ 38.5℃, don't take medicine, have a good rest and drink plenty of water; For infants with a history of febrile convulsions, antipyretics and sedatives should be used when the body temperature reaches 38℃; When the body temperature is above 39.5℃ (1), clothes and quilts should be loosened to dissipate heat. (2) Physical cooling can be achieved by taking a warm bath (the water temperature is lower than the body temperature 1 ~ 2 degrees) or wiping with a warm wet towel. (3) Commonly used cooling drugs, such as Baifuning, Tylenol, acetaminophen, etc.

Parents are especially reminded that adults commonly use antipyretics-aspirin, Ganmaotong, quick-acting cold and cold capsules, etc. Not suitable for children, so as not to induce gastrointestinal bleeding, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia or hematuria.

Prevention is the best policy.

(1) First of all, it is the simplest and most effective way to prevent colds by opening the window frequently and keeping the indoor air fresh. (2) Advocate scientific parenting, don't be overprotective, and wear a set to keep warm and moderate.

(3) Regular outdoor activities, air bath and sunbathing every day to enhance physical fitness and cold tolerance. (4) During the epidemic period of respiratory diseases in winter and spring, it is necessary to avoid taking your baby to public places where people gather. (5) Eat well on weekdays, don't overeat, don't overeat, eat less greasy and indigestible food, and eat more fruits and vegetables. (6) Cultivate good living habits, ensure adequate sleep, and maintain a normal life pattern.